geological survey - university of wisconsin–madison · 2017. 7. 24. · new u.s. geological...

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& .,~VOLUME11

NUMBER,1

JANUARY 1985

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WISe0 NSI

MAppN

I NG

, BULLETI N

Christine ReinhardEditor

Art ZieglerState Cartographer

STATE

\ CARTOGRAPHER'SI OFFICE

144 Science HallMadison.WI 53706608/262-3065

""Est. 1973

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~TRANSPORTATION BASE MAP

The Wis. Department of Transportationproposes to scan U.S. Geological Survey1:100,000-scale maps by computer toproduce new county highway base maps.The Brown County 1:100,000-scale mapserved as a pilot study. DOThad themap's line work scanned and put into araster file. Computer software thenturned the raster data into vectorswhich were subsequently plotted.AppraKimately 600 staff days a yearcould be saved by the automated systemversus manual drafting. CUrrent i!L"1.ousedigitizing costs for new base ~aps forall the counties would be $153,600 (10days/map x 48 maps* = 480 days; 480 daysx 8 hours x $40 station/operator). Incompal~ison a Computer Assisted Draftinga.'1d Design (CADD)system would cost$48,000 (48 ~aps x $l,OOO/map). Yneversatility of the CADDsystem allows upto 63 layers of information to bemanipulated.

The advantages of an au.tomated map baseare many. A wide variety of scales a.'1dlevels of information are available tothe Department and many other users.This facilitates creating new maps, aswell as reducing duplication in mapdevelopment. Automation greatly reducestime spent on revision. The DOTa.'1ticipates the interchange of map datawith other state agencies as they adoptDOT's base maps.

More information on DOT's program isavailable from Ron Schaefer, Division ofHighways/Trap~rtation Facilities, P.O.Box 7917, 4802 Sheboygan Ave., Madison,WI 53707, phone608/266-3896.

*Wisconsin is covered by 48 1:100,000,30' y. 10 U.S.G.S. quadrangles.

ILLINOIS MAPPING COMMITTEE

Tom Carlsen, Supervisor of SpecialServices Department of Transportation-Madison, and Art Ziegler, StateCartographer, are scheduled to make apresentation to the Illinois StateMapping Advisory Conunittee on Friday,March 1, 1985. The Illinois Committeeis the bc:xlythat reconunends that state I5participation in cooperative programswith the U.S. Geological Survey.

(continued on next page)

CRAWFORD County is expected in June, tobe followed by VERNON County inSeptember.

DUNN IS DONEThe DUNN County Cartographic Catalogjust returned from the printer. The103-page publication is the 35th of theseries.

.... *•

POINTS AND LINES.~, ~

,). ,-The principal topic of the meeting willbe the 1: 100,000-scale mapping program.The State Cartographer will presentWisconsin's current mapping status inthe program, both in the 30 minute by 1degree format and the county series.Also the plans of the WisconsinTopographic Mapping Committee for futurestate production will be explained. TheBureau of Census will present theirplans for the 1:100,000-scale mappingfor the 1990 census. The StateCartographer will report on the Census1soperation "Tiger" in the April Bulletin.

ILLINOIS MAPPING COM., continued

A meeting of the Wisconsin TopographicMapping Committee with the U.S.Geological Survey staff is scheduledprior to the Illinois presentation. TomCarlsen of the DOT will present thestate's plan for digitization andautomation of the 1:100,000-scaleseries. He will explain the potentialproducts and the possible economicsaVings of the program. The April

_BU1I~:Ux~_ wi11 carry a report of themeeting.

SURVEYORS' INSTITUTE 1985

Art Ziegler, State Cartographertravelled to Stevens Point to exhibitSCO services and products at the 36thAnnual Wisconsin Society of LandSurveyors' Institute at Stevens Point,WI on January 23 and 24, 1985. Over 225registrants attended the Institute whichwas said to be one of their mostsuccessful ever. The StateCartographer's Office's display was wellreceived and generated many comments andquestions.

Arden "Sandy" Sandsnes of Madison turnedover the WSLS presidency to Les Van Hornof Green Bay. One of the mostinteresting displays at the IpEtitutewas the collection of antiqueinstruments and survey.inq artifacts ofKarl McConnell which filled the centerof the exhibition hall.

PRECAMBRIAN MAPPINGGeologists with the Wis. GeologicalSurvey and the U.S. Geological Surveymet in Wausau, Wisconsin in August todiscuss coordination of Precambrianbedrock mapping. The W. G.S. isconducting a regiop~l reconnaissa~ce

mapping program at a scale of 1:250,000(see .:r,.rew ~..a.1?..s). An agreement was madeto coordinate efforts toward theeventual production of a regionalbedrock map at a scale of 1:500,000.W.G.S. is scheduled to complete itsmapping by fall of 1985, at which timeU.S.G.S. preparation of the regiop~l

"map will begin.

PUBLIC LAND SURVEY SYSTEMMay 20, 1985, will be in the 200thanniversary of the Land Ordina11.ce of1785, which established'the rectangularpublic land survey, the United States'unique contribution to the art of landsurveying. (see ~111~, Pas..:t and_Fu.!ur~)

U.S. IN POSTCARDSBob Lazar (a former SCO employee andnow with the U.S. Geological Survey)was kind enough to send your Editor twoAlabama postcards. This brought oursearch for a postcard from every stateto an end. TJW'-Madison Map LibrarianMary Galneder a~d this Editor spent anevening trying to put the postcardSWidely varying scales in a semblance ofthe United States. The result is onview in the Map Library, 310 ScienceHall.


Wi~r.nn~in MJ:lnninn RlllIAtin ')(

POINTS AND LINES, continued

MAPS AND MINDSMichael Edmonds of the state HistoricalSociety announced a change in the free

<ap talks accompanying the exhibit ~Ad Minds (see v. 10, no. 4, p. 4).The February 26th presentation will begiven by Prof. Barbara Buttenfield ofthe OW-Madison Geography Department.Her topic is "Representing the Terrain:From Hachures to Fractals." All talkswill be in the Society's 5ellery Roomfrom 4 to 5 p.m.

SURVEYING FOR 52 YEARSThe Wisconsin Counties' SurveyorsAssociation recently honored LloydJensen for an unprecedented 52-yearterm as the county surveyor of WalworthCounty. He was first elected countysurveyor in 1932, and has been thesuccessful candidate in each of the 26surveyor elections since then.

MAP FESTIVAL CANCELLEDThe Executive Board of the Capital AreaMap Alliance has decided to cancel theMap festival currently scheduled for

2rch 20-24, 1985 at the Washington,V.C. Convention Center, primarily due.to lack of funds. The CAMA Board willbe meeting in January to discuss thefuture of CAMA and the optionsavailable for planning a similar butscaled-down version of the originalfestival, to take place some othertime.

With the exception of contributionsfrom the U.S . Geological Survey, theMap Store and some personal donations,CAMA was unsuccessful in raising fundsin either the private or public sector.But, there still seems to be strongsupport for the idea of a map festival.As such, CAMA will continue to look foran appropriate way to get the festivalproduced.

11 YEARS OLD1985 marks the beginning of theeleventh volume of the WisconsinMapping Bulletin. The last issue(OCtober) was a record breaking 26-

1ges long and proved to be quiteexpensive to print and distribute. weplan to keep each of the next fourissues at 20 or less pages, withoutdepriVing our readers of news andinformation.

Wisconsin Mapping Bulletin 3

GREAT LAKES IN 3-Dcartographics offers a Mapcraft kitwhich gives step-by-step explanationsof heM to fashion a 3-dimensional modelof the Great Lakes. This particularki t is listed as "intricate", takingover 6 hours to put together its 9layers. It's recommended for those 16years old and over. The Great Lakes isone of 7 kits available. The 5~" x 7"kit sells for $8.00, with $2.50 postagefor each order. To order the GreatLakes model or for information on theother kits, contact Cartographics, 1849SW 58th Street, Portland, OR 97221.

IN THE DARKHoward Deller often gives lectures onall aspects of cartography as well ashistory and geography through maps.Howard, a Literature Analyst with theAmerican Geographical SocietyCollection at the OW-Milwaukee Library,recently gave a new lecture on "TheMapnaker's Art" to the UW-MilwaukeeGuild for Learning in Retirement. Asit turned out, it was an illustratedlecture without illustrations (auniversi ty generator blew-up just as hewas being introduced). He was able totalk for over an hour in the dark andwithout slides. At the end of histalk, the President of the Guildpresented him with 'a coffee mug withthe organization I s logo on it. Theceremony also took place in the darksince the electrical failure lastedabout two hours (and affected half theUW-M campus) .

HCMard reports that up to thatincident, the only other last minutechallenge he'd faced as a lectureroccurred last year when he showed up atthe Milwaukee Jewish Community Centerto give a talk to senior citizens andfound out that 75 percent did not speakEnglish. (They were recently arrivedRussian emigres.) Fortunately theelectricity worked and he was able toshow slides. (He also gestured a lot.)

LUckily, these unfortunatecircumstances have happened rarely inthe last two years in which Howard hasspoken to over 70 community groups.You can reach Howard Deller at the AGSCollection, OW-M Library, P.O. Box 399,Milwaukee, WI 53201, phone 414/9636282.

W.G.S. MAP AND POSTAGE INCREASES

The Wisconsin Geological and Natural History SUrvey (~S) has increased. its mapprices in accordance with the u.s. Geological SUrvey's increases effectiveJanuary 1, 1985.

MAP INCREASES

Standard quadrangles (15-minute, 1:62,500 scale or 7.5-minute,1:24,000) I ••••••••••••••••••• $2.50

u.S. series topographic maps at the scale of 1:250,000......••.....•. $4.00

Wis. State Base map at the scale of 1:1,000,000•.•................••. $2.00

Wis. State Base map at the scale of 1:500,000............•.........•. $3.10

Wis. State Topographic Base map at the scale of 1:500,000.........••. $4.00

Wis. Shaded Relief map at the scale of 1:500,000............•......•. $4.00

POSTAL INCREASES

(3rd class U.S. Postage--U.S. & Canada Only)For 1st Class Mailing, contact the M.A.P.S. Office, W.G.S., 1815 UniversityAve., Madison, w~ 53706, 608/263-7389.

LOCATION ADDPESS

TOTAL AMOUNT IL, MI, MN, ALL OTHEROF PURCHASE*- WI IN, IO, U.S. & CANADA

$ .00 - $ 3.00 $0.85 $ 0.85 $ 0.853.01 - 5.00 1.80 1.85 2.155.01 - 10.00 1.90 2.00 2.50

10.01 - 20.00 2.00 2.15 2.7520.01 - 30.00 2.40 2.75 3.7530.01 - 40.00 2.65 3.00 4.30

more rhan 40. 00 6% of 7% of 10% ofpurchase purchase purchase

*Wisconsin residents add 5% for state sales tax.

MAP CURIOSITY

Do you know the name of the only 7.5 minute topa quad of the 1,154 quadranglescovering Wisconsin which starts with a "Q"?

Wisconsin Mapping Bulletin 4 January 1985

NEW U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PRODUCTION

These newly published (underlined below) ~' topographic quadrangle maps(1 : 24:000) are listed by their location on the superseded 15' topographic map ofthe area. They are available from the Wisconsin Geological SUrvey, 1815University Ave., Madison, WI 53706, 608/263-7389. Topographic quadrangles are$2.50 each, plus tax, postage and handling.

PHILLIPS IS' TOPOnonePhillips '84

nonenone

PITTSVILLE IS' TOPOnonenoneQuail Point Flowage '84

none

BURNETT

ST. CROIX

ASHBURN

SAWYER

R US KBARRON

CHIPPEWA

DUNN

P RIC E

ONEIDA

LINCOLN

TAYLOR

MARATHON

COLUMBIA

DAN E

GREEN

LAKE

PORTAGE

G R E E N

WOOD

lOW A

LAFAYETTE

C LA R K

BUFFALO

PEP I N

EAU CLAIRE1--------1

PIERCE

FERRYVILLE IS' TOPORetreat '83DeSoto '83Lansing, lA, WI '83

Ferryville '83

PHOTOREVISED 7~' QUADS,a Madison West '59, '74PR, '83PR

WISCONSIN RAPIDS 15' TOPOnoneVesper '84

nonenone

MAUSTON IS' TOPOKelly '83New Lisbon North '83New Lisbon South '83

Mauston '83

ADAMS 15' TOPOAdams '83Dellwood '83

Round Bluff '83Easton '83

MONTELLO IS' TOPOnonenonenoneMontello '84

4- MELROSE 15'TOPO.,E% Shamrock 183

NW3(-MeTrose· ··'83 ..SW3( Four Corners '83SID( Cataract '83

LAFARGE 15' TOPOOntario '83Dell '83

Lafarge '83West Lima '83

Order 7~ I quads by name, NOT by the indexnumber or letter used here for location.


CITY OF MADISON AND VICINITYA detailed, up-to-date, full colorstreet map of metropolitan Madison wasrecently released by Milwaukee Mapservice. It measures 38" x 42"; foldedit's 4 3/4" x 10 3/4". All surroundingcities are included, as well asenlargements of the campus and isthmusareas. Zip code boundaries are clearlymarked. It sells for $4 plus 5% statetax, plus $2.00 for UPS shipping.Order from Milwaukee Map service, 4519W. North Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53208.

DANE COUNTY ATLASMilwaukee Map service also recentlyissued a 68-page atlas of Dane Countywhich includes a separate copy of theCi ty of Madison map mentioned above.The atlas pages measure 9" x 11".Color maps cover all the cities,villages, and townships. The atlassells for $12.95, plus 5% state tax.Include $2.00 for UPS delivery. Orderfrom the address given above.

MINERAL DISTRIBUTION IN B-HORIZON SOILSThe following four maps are part of theU.S. Geological SUrvey's MiscellaneousInvestigation Series. Each mineraldistribution is shown by isopleths andsymbols on a topographic and simplifiedgeologic base at a scale of 1:250,000.They measure 30" x 39" and sell for$2 . 80 each. They can be purchased fromthe Eastern Distribution Branch,U.S.G.S., 1200 South Eads Street,Arlington, VA 22202. Include theseries number when ordering.

I-1360-I. Chromium distribution in Bhorizon soils, Iron River 1° by 2°Quadrangle, Michigan and Wisconsin,by H.V. Alminas, J.D. Hoffman, andR.T. Hopkins. 1984.

I-1360-J. Cobalt distribution in Bhorizon soils, Iron River 1° by 2°Quadrangle, Michigan and Wisconsin,by J.D. Hoffman, H.V. Alminas, andR.T. Hopkins. 1984.

I-1360-K.Nickel distribution in Bhorizon soils, Iron River 1° by 2°Quadrangle, Michigan and Wisconsin,by J.D. Hoffman, H.V. Alminas, andR.T. Hopkins. 1984.

\A/: :_ '\11 : __ D •• 11_...:_

I-1360-M. Molybdenum distribution inB-horizon soils, Iron River 1° by 2°Quadrangle, Michigan and Wisconsin,by R. T. Hopkins, H.V. Alminas, andJ.D. Hoffman. 1984.

FORTHCOMING FROM THE WGSMike Czechanski, cartographer with theWisconsin Geological SUrvey, reportsseveral maps are in work. For up-todate information, contact him at 1815University Ave., Madison, WI 53706,telephone 608/263-7393. The SpringBulletin will list more completeinformation, including prices. The W3Swill soon issue a new list ofpublications, including an index forthe first time.

A paper version of the popular MadisonLakes map will be available in midFebruary. It is identical to the oneprinted on tear and water resistentTyvek. The W3S will sell it for lessthan the water resistent copy.

CUrrently at press is Bedrock Geologyof Wisconsin, R@gional Map Series NESheet. Prepared by J. K. Greenburg andB.A. Brown at a scale of 1:250,000, thtmap is in full color and measures 28" x38". Regional Map Series #84-2 will beavailable in mid-February.

Also at press is Information Circular46, Pleistocene Geology of the SuperiorR@gion, Wisconsin by Lee Clayton. Thepublication will include a folded mapwhich is the SUperior Sheet of theRegional Map Series described above.The map will also be sold separately.Look for it in mid-March.

NIGHT VIEW U.S.A.The U.S. Census Bureau has published amap with the mundane title of 1980Population Distribution in the UnitedStates which doesn't do it justice.The 30" x 40" map has a very dark bluebackground with population densitiesshown by various sized white dots. Itlooks like a view from a satellite atnight with city lights shining acrossthe country. Order the map by name andnumbers (Census GE-70, #4 and (Superintendent of Documents #003-024- '05651-8) for $1.25 from The GovernmentPrinting Office, Washington, D.C.

20402. (continued on page 8)

I_~ •• ... nn~

\_,.'i

··EVENTS, PAST ANp FUTURE

NICOLET TILL NOW - A HISTORY OF GREENBAY AND THE GREAT LAKES THROUGH MAPS,February 21 - April 11

Mark Steuer, cartographer with theGreen Bay-Brown County PlanningCommission, will lead an eight-weekcourse on the history and geography ofthe Green Bay region through maps,charts, air photos, and satelliteimagery. Sponsored by the tJW-Extensionout of the OW-Green Bay LifelongLearning Program, the course will beheld from 7-9 p.m. at the NevillePublic Museum. The fee is $35 single;$63 for two. Contact Mark at 414/4973633 for more information.

AUTOCARTO 7: DIGITAL REPRESENTATIONS OFSPATIAL KNOWLEDGE, March 11-14

The Seventh International Symposium onComputer-Assisted Cartography willcover topics such as spatial databases, future developments in hardwareand software, softcopy exploitation,standards, government programs, anddigitai map applications. TheWashington, DC Hi!ton is the conferencesite. Auto Cart07 is sponsored by theInternational Cartographic Association,the American Society of Photogrannnetry,and the AlTIerican Congress on Surveyingand Mapping. The latter two areholding their annual conferencesconcurrently with the Symposium. Formore information contact Helen Foreman,5709 Annamarie Court, Derwood, MD20855, phone 301/926-3910.

POSITIONING WITH GPS, April 15-19The First International Symposium onPrecise Positioning with the GlobalPositioning System will be held at theHoliday Inn, Crowns Plaza in Rockville,MD. It is sponsored by theInternational Union of Geodesy andGeophysics, the Defense Mapping Agency,and the National Geodetic Survey. Formore information, write to GPS-1985,White Flint Mall, P.O. Box 2095,Kensington, MD 20895.

Wisconsin Mapping Bulletin 7i

. POINT OF BEGINNING, April 19A 200th birthday party for the PublicLand Survey System will be held on theshore of Lake Michigan where theWisconsin baseline begins. TheSouthern Lake Michigan Section of theAmerican Congress on Surveying andMapping and the western Great LakesRegion of the American Society ofPhotogrammetry will cohost a program ofpresentations on the PLSS in Wisconsinand Illinois and automated systems, avisi t to the point of beginning, asocial hour, and a banquet withfeatured speaker, Prof. Jim Clapp ofthe OW-Madison's Center for Geog1:'~phic

Analysis. Prof. Clapp will speak on"One Person I s View of the Evolutionand Future of North American LandSystems" .

The Kenosha Holiday Inn on the Harborwill be the meeting location. For moreinformation contact Prof. DickDahlberg, ASP-~LR president, at815/753-0631 or Prof. Phil Muehrcke,ACSM-SLMS preSident, at 608/262-3213.Christine Reinhard, 608/262-6850, canalso provide details. Non-members arecordially invited to attend. (Anyonewishing to be added to the ACSMSouthern Lake Michigan Section'smailing list should send $2.00 toRichard Corbett, 334 W. CrystallStreet, Mundelein, IL 60060.)

MACHINE PROCESSING OF REMOTELY SENSEDDATA, June 25-27This eleventh international symposiumwill focus on quantifying globalprocesses with models, sensor systems,and analytical methods. It issponsored by and held at the Lab forApplications of Remote Sensing atPurdue University . For moreinformation contact D.B. Morrison,Purdue University, LARS, 1291Cumberland Ave., west Lafayette, IN47906, phone 317/494-6305.


January 198.5

EVENTS, continued

CHARTING THE INLAND SEAS: A HISTORY OFLAKE MICHIGAN THROUGH MAPS, ,July 21 october 20

The Manitowoc Maritime Museum isplanning an exhibit of approximately 40maps depicting the history of LakeMichigan as shown on antique maps.Mark Steuer of the Green Bay-BrownCounty Planning Commission iscoordinating the map selection. TheMuseum is located on the ManitowocRiver near the harbor, at 809 South 8thStreet, Manitowoc, WI 54220. TheMuseum charges a nominal admission feeof $1.75 adults, $1.00 children. call414/684-0218 for more information.

COMPUTERS IN PUBLIC AGENCIES, SHARINGSOLUTIONS, July 28 - August 1

The Urban and Regional InformationSystems Association (URISA) is holdingits 23rd annual conference in Ottawa,Ontario, Canada. Sessions ongeographic information systems, landrecords, microcomputers and naturalresources will be held. Contact theURISA Secretariat, 1340 Old ChainBridge Road, SUite 300, McLean, VA22101, phone 703/790-1745.

PLSS AND TOPO MAPPING CELEBRATION,August 23 - 24

Ouring the sununer meeting of WisconsinSociety of Land SUrveyors (WSLS), tw:>significant events will 1::le celebrated.To honor the 200th anniversary of thePublic Land SUrvey System, the WSLShopes to set a commemorative monumentin the floor of the state capitolrotunda. Why the capitol rotunda?Because Wisconsin IS capitol is the onlyone that sits directly over a PLSSsection corner.

Then to observe the completion of theU. S. Geological SUrvey' s 7~ I

topographic mapping program in thestate, the Conunittee on TopographicMapping will present the final topoquad to the Governor in a publicceremony. Leading officials from themajor federal mapping agencies areexpected to attend. More details willfollow in the Apr11 Bulletin.


RACING INTO TCMJRRCM, Septem1::ler 8-13The fall convention of the AmericanCongress on SUrveying and Mapping andthe American Society of Photogrannnetrywill be held in Indianapolis. Moreinformation on the program is availablefrom Paul Mausel, Department ofGeography and Geology, Indiana StateUniversity, Terre Haute, IN 47809,phone 812/232-6311.

NEW MAPS, continued

FEDERAL LANDS AND CLEAN AIRThe American Petroleum Institute hasannounced the availability of mapsdepicting federal land systems andClean Air Act protection areas in theEastern Uni ted States. Three fullcolor maps, apprOXimately three by fourfeet, locate national parks, forests,wildlife refuges, wilderness areas,preserves, recreation areas, seashoresand monuments in each of three regionsin the United States. The maps alsoshow military parks, militaryinstallations, wild and scenic rivers,Arrrr:l Corps of Engineer projects, Indianlands or reservations and areas underconsideration for wildernessdesignation. An additional map foreach region shows the boundaries ofClean Air Act protection areas. Inaddition, an information kitaccompanies the maps. The kit providesinformation on access to federal landsfor energy developnent and assists mapusers in understanding onshore federalland use issues. Order #863-00203,Great Lakes Region, (which includesIllinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, andWisconsin) for $15.00 from the AmericanPetroleum Institute, 1220 L. St., NW,Washington, DC 20005, ATI'N:Publications Department.

January 1985

AUTOMATED CARTOGRAPHIC SYSTEMRIXoNR212AMODEM

(300 or 1200 baud)

IBM PC XTwith

640 K RAM8087 CHIP10 MEGABYTE

HARD DISK

IBMMONOCHROME

MONITOR

Software:PC-DOS 2.0 operating systemProofwriter word processingDBASE II data base managementMITE/MS communicationsMIRAGE graphics package

(25 lines of Bo characters)

ENVIS]oN220 COLORTERMINAL

1-=--1GTCoDIGIPADDIGITIZER

(640 x 4Bo pixel)

(.001 inch accuracy)

HEWLETT-PACKARD

7475

0 ...,6 COLORPLOTTER

(.001 inch accuracy)

In the October 1984 Bulletin Art Ziegler, State Cartographer, briefly explainedthe Automated Cartographic System (ACS) being developed at the StateCartographer's Office. The diagram above illustrates the hardware configuration(minus switches, surge protectors, etc.) and lists the software currently inuse. The system is totally operational. However, Office staff are not yetproficient in each program area.

The ACS's four original objectives are in various stages of completion. Time~ :'licts are already developing between them.

1. Data Base Collectio:lGo lion line" with the National Geodetic Survey, the U.S.G.S. NationalCartographic Information Center and EROS Data Center, a~d other dataholders through the modem. Print out information on the dot matrix printer;

2. Wor~ocessing

Produce the MapPing Bulleti~ other publications, correspondence,a~d mailing labels;

acheive all four objectives and avoid~ Jduction conflicts, the SCO plans toexpand the normal work day into early eveninghours. More details will appear in futureissues of the Bullet;.in.

D

Lake Michigan

and

Gl'een Bay

Qatalog GraphicsAutomate the production of County CartographicCatalog pages using the digitizer and plotter.TIle graphic on the right is a preliminarydot matrix print of a portion of a catalog page;

Geographic Information System,L..QIS ~Develop a statewide, mult Icourrtv format ~to display various data. Combine units intodifferent formats with the additio~~l use of bar,graph, or pie charts.

3.

4.


GEOGRAPHIC NAMES INFORMATION SYSTEMS(continued from the July Bulletin)

The u.S. Board on Geographic Names andThe Board on· Geographic Names Data Base

The Board on Geographic Names (BGN) wasestablished in 1890 to be responsiblefor establishing and maintaining mrlfonnname usage throughout the Federalgovernment. Working with the secretaryof the Interior, and in cooperation withState names authorities, (the Statecartographer is a member of this group) ,the Board develops policies, principles,and procedures governing the spellingand application of geographic names onFederal maps and in other publications.It also rules on name controversies, newnames, and name changes. BGN policy fornames in the United States and theterritories is to follow present-daylocal usage whenever possible. If thereis confusion or duplication of localnames, or if a name is derogatory, theBGN may or may not approve the name andmay seek other local names for thefeature. It also is guided by policy ofnot approving new names for Federal usethat honor living persons.

The USGS furnishes staff support fordomestic BGN activities. Any person mayinquire about or request the Board torule on proposed new names, proposedname changes, or names that are inconflict.

The Board on Geographic Names Data Basewill provide information resulting fromthe investigations and decisions of theDomestic Names Commdttee of the U.S.Board on Geographic Names. CUrrentIy ,the data base contains informationcollected since the Board I S creation in1890 through the first quarter of 1959.Each entry in this data base may also befound in the National Geographic NamesData Base, but the entries in this database contain the reference andassociated detailed information asresearched and compiled by the BGNstaff. Activities of the Board from1959 through the present are currentlybeing incorporated into the Board onGeographic Names Data Base, . which isschedule for completion in 1984.

Available Products and OrderingInstructions

GNIS information is available as spiralbound books, microfiche, and magnetictape. Special searches are alsoperformed upon request. Products in anyfonnat fran data bases other. than theNational Geographic Names Data Base areconsidered special searches. Contactthe National cartographic Informationcenter (NCIC) for roore information or toorder GNIS products.

National Headquarters

National Cartographic Informationcenter, U.S. Geological SUrvey, 507National Center, Reston, VA 22092,703/860-6045.

Manager, GNIS

U.S. Geological SUrvey, 523 NationalCenter, Reston, VA 22092, 703/860-6261.

Regional Office

NCIC--USGS Mid--continent Mapping center,1400 Independence Road, Rolla, M) 65401,314/341--0851.

To purchase volumes of The NationalGazetteer of the un!ted States ofAmerica, contact Eastern DistributionBranch, Text Products section, U.S.Geological SUrvey, 604 South PickettStreet, Alexandria, Virginia 22304.

(


Final maps sent to countyfor adoption under NR 115

County wetla~ ordinanceadopted and approved

Not applicableNA

F

p Preliminary maps sent tocounty for public review

Steve Fix, Department of NaturalResources wetlands Inventory, reportedin the July 1984 Bulletin that thewetlands inventory mapping wascompleted. The graphic shows thestatus of the required public rev':'ew byeach county. Final maps can bepurchased from the Wisconsin GeologicalSurvey, 1815 University Ave. , Madison,WI 53706, phone 608/263-7389. For moreinformation on the program, contactSteve at 608/266-0053.

WETLANDS MAPPING STATUS

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F WAUKESHA fEffERSON F ~. lllN

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ADAMS-JUNEAU FLOODPLAIN MAPPING

A study of the Wisconsin River basin in1968 by the DNR established 100-yearfloodplain levels for the river. In1984, Adams and Juneau Counties decidedto re-examine the 100-year flood levelson the 108 square mile area of the riverbetween the City of Wisconsin Dells andthe Castle Rock to establish a newregulatory floodplain.

There are essentially three phases to aproject such as this: photogrammetry,survey, and a detailed floodplain study.

Estimated costs for completing bothcounties are in excess of one milliondollars over a span in excess of fiveyears. The project is made morefeasible through the 50% cost sharingfor the floodplain and shoreland mapping

portion of the project under DNRfunding. Peripheral information derivedfrom that project will be useful inkeeping costs down for other aspects ofthe project. The highly accurate basemaps, known as orthophotos, arereferenced to Wisconsin State PlaneCoordinates and U.S.G,S. sea levelelevations. These base maps will formthe basis for as~~y as 20 differenttypes of map overlays for future use.When completed in 1990, Adams and JuneauCounties will have a state-of-the-artmapping system which will fulfill theneeds of both counties for decades.

source: Frederic Zietlow, Mid-StateAssociates, Inc., Baraboo, WI

•


·Pf.:lBlICATIONSOF

INTEREST

Wisconsin Travel Com.E§Dion (1983) byRichard Olsenius and Judy A. Zerby is "aunique guide to the history alongWisconsin's highways." The authors havecrisscrossed the state, from Highway 2through Superior and Hurley to Highway61 from the Iowa border to Readstown,documenting their travel with pertinentfacts, local history, historical photosand maps. Cartographer Sona KarentzAndrews' black-and-white maps at 111 = 4miles illustrate every section of road;seven maps cover Highway 51. The 327page book includes an index to citiesand sites. It sells for $12.95 fromBluestem Productions/Mijaz, Inc., Box334, Wayzata, MN 55391. Check yourlocal bookstore or public library foracopy.

The Use and Value of a GeodeticReference System (1984) is the result ofresearch performed by Earl F. Epsteinand Thomas D. Duchesneau from theUniversity of Maine at Orono with agrant from the Federal Geodetic ControlCommittee. The 36-page report describesthe analytical framework for evaluatingthe geodetic reference system andincludes case studies. It is availablefrom the National Geodetic InformationCenter, NOAA, N/CG17X2, Rockville, MD20852 for $3.00. Make checks payable tothe National Geodetic SUrvey.


SUrveying Publications. LandmarkEnterprises offers a wide variety ofbooks and manuals of interest to thosein surveying and related professions.They offer a free newsletter. Contactthem at 10324 Newton Way, RanchoCordova, CA 95670.

Around the Shores of Lake Michiga'1.(1985) by Margaret Bogue is a 448-pagetravel guide to all the significanthistorical attractions around LakeMichigan. It has 240 illustrations,including six thematic maps prepared bythe University of Wisconsin CartographicLab. OVer 180 sites along the 1,600mile route are keyed to a large (2411 x32"), multi-colored, foldout map in theback of the book. The book itselfmeasures ~" x 9~1I. The author is aprofessor of history with UrN-Extension.She explains the early settlement of theregion, the native people, and thesignificance of the forest and mineralresources. All of this is carefullydepicted on the accompanying maps. TheUniversity of Wisconsin Press will beginto distribute the book in May. Thehardcover price is $25.00; softcover is$19.95 (Wisconsin residents add 5% tax) . (Credit card orders are also accepted.Order from UW' Press, 114 N. MurrayStreet, Madison, WI 53715, phone608/262-8782.

Manual of Remote Sensing (second edition1984) published by the American Societyof Photogrammetry is a hardcover, twovolume work of 2,724 pages. The entirespectrum of remote sensing is covered in36 Chapters, with a complete index,comprehensive bibliographies, and aglossary. The price is $125 to nonmembers, $99 to active members and $65to student members. USA shipmentsrequire $7.00 postage. Order from ASP,210 Little Falls Street, Falls Church,VA 22046.

Multilingual Dictionary of RemoteSensing and Photogrammetry (1984) alsoptlblished by the American Society ofPhotogrammetry, includes 1,716 termsdefined in English, French, German,Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, andRussian. The non-member price is $30;$20 for active members; $17 stUdentmembers. USA shipment requires $4.00postage. Order from ASP (address givenabove) .

January 1985

THE MAPPING OF WISCONSIN 'SINCE 1832

BY

CHRISTOPHER BARUTH

A Thesis SUbnitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree ofMaster of SCience in Geography at the University of Wisconsin-Mllwaukee,

December 1979

Editor's Note: This year the final USGS 7~' topographic quadrangle will comeoff the press. It will mark the first time Wisconsin has had uniform, large....scale map coverage over the entire state. To better appreciate the importanceof this event, the Bulletin will cover Wisconsin's history of topographicmapping. Abridged sections of Christopher Baruth I s Masters thesis will appearin this and the next three issues. Chris is currently a map curator at theAmerican Geographical Society Collection, tJW-Milwaukee Library. The Editorthanks him for his cooperation and hopes that her deletions don I t detract fromhis scholarly work.

ACCURATE MAPPING IN WISCONSIN

Early Triangulation

It was during the 1870's that thecontrol trigonometrical survey of thestate was begun.

Trigonametrical surveying ortriangulation was and is still used asthe basis for precise mapping. Itallowed the construction of a rigidsystem of horizontal relationships. TheGeological SUrvey of Wisconsin requiredaccurate base maps for the presentationof its material.

After the Civil War, the Army EngineerDepartment was assigned the task of recharting the Great Lakes. This was animmense project that required theconstruction of triangulation networksparalleling the lakeshores.

At about the same time, the state ofWisconsin embarked upon an ambi tiousgeological survey. The project wasinitially under the supervision of theaging I.A. Lapham who held the post ofState Geologist, but was completed underProf. T.C. Chamberlin of the Universityof Wisconsin. An element of this surveywas mentioned in the 1874 report of theU.S. Coast and Geodetic SUrvey(U.S.C.G.S.) :

"Prof. John E. Davies is now in thefield with a view of selecting


stations for triangulation; theobject being to determine points forcorrecting the State map, and thus toafford a reliable basis forrepresenting the results of the "1geological survey of that state.

Davies was somewhat of a generalistwho actively pursued a number ofscientific fields. During hisassociation with the u.s.C.G.~. heheld a physics professorship. Thetriangulation of Wisconsin was tooccupy his summers for seventeen

. years. Since the job was far fromcomplete at the end of that time, onemust conclUde that the difficulty ofthat task was greatly underestimated.

The difficulty in preparing a stationfor occupance, and the great caretaken in the measurement of eachangle caused the work to progressslowly. . When latitude, longitude andazimuth are determined from one pointto another, lengthy equations must beemployed by ~rsons trained in highermathematics. Furthermore, the workwas done only in the summers whenDavies was free of university duties.Addi tional time was lost due to theoccasional late~s or lack offederal funding. In sixteen summersin the field, Davies managed to coveronly about one degrge of latitude insouthern Wisconsin.

(continued on next page)January 1985

WISCONSIN MAPPING, continued

Actual triangulation began in the. summer of 1874 in the vicinity of

Madison. By 1876 he was able toconnect his Spring Green baselinewith the observatory in Madison, forwhich lat~tude and longitude had beencomputed. This allowed him todetermine the latitudes andlongi tudes of all the points whichwould be occupied or sighted in thecourse of his survey. This includednot only the major stations, but allpoints, be they spires or sectioncomers that could be sighted fromtwo stations.

The lack of federal funds preventedadditional ~rk from being doneduring the summer of 1877, but the

7survey resumed. the following year.

By 1882, Davies' ~rk had taken himto the state's southern boundary. Itwas at this time that he discoveredthat the southern boundary, as laidout by Lucius Lyon, deviated from itsconstitutional prescription of 42°830' N, by as much a ~ to 3/4 mile.In the following year he continuedhis survey along the southernboundary, and discovered· that thesouthern half-mile of the city ofBeloit was south of the 9constitutional state line. Heexpressed his concern over this tothe U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey,as well as to Reuben TIlwaites who wassoon to publish an articfs on theboundaries of Wisconsin. In 1884he linked up his network with that ofthe Lake Survey, and was pl~Id withthe closeness of the results. Thesurvey was set back in 1885 when firedestroyed the old Science Hall on theUniversity of Wisconsin campus.Since many of Davies' records werelost in the fire, it was nece~ toreoccupy a number of stations. In1886, Davies reported further linkupwith the Lake SUrvey, but alsocomplained of impeded pr09i§sS due tosmoke from forest fires. Workprogressed steadily every summeruntil 1891. Of the ~rk of 1891 weare given the following report byHenry A. Fairfield who had beenappointed Assistant in Charge ofState Surveys in March of 1891:

Wisconsin Mapping Bulletin

"As Prof. Davies sent in nomonthly reports and journals, itis hard to follow his movements.He worked in the field untilabout sept. 12, occupyingFitzsimmons, Observatory Hill andBald Bluff stations. He wasinstructed to occupy the firsttwo only, and to observe on poleserected on Bald Bluff and SheepPasture. Instead of confininghimself to this program, he builta tripod and scaffold signal atBald Bluff and occupied thatstation.

At Fitzsimmons he failed to seeBald Bluff, and at ObservatoryHill he observed on the wronghill entirely instead of on SheepPasture. Therefore, my intentionof having him close thequadrilateral ending on the lineFitzsimmons--observatory Hill,and at the same time measure theangles to the two stations aheadwas frustrated. He did close thequadrilateral, but should it atany time be deemed expedient tocontinue the triangulation to thenorthward, Fi tzsirnmons andObservatory Hill will have to bereoccupied, rendering itnecessary to rebuild the tripodsand scaffolds at these stations.

Had Prof. Davies followed out hisinstructions carefully, it wouldhave been necessary to erectpoles only at these stations tobe observed on.

Owing to the uncertainty aboutthe appropriation for the presentfiscal year it was not thoughtadvisable to continue the work inWisconsiY4this season under Prof.Davies."

Professor Davies was never again toreenter the field, and Wisconsin's areatriangulation was never continued.

In addition to the ~rk done by bothProfessor Davies and the Army EngineerDept., Professor Heag of the Universityof Minnesota supplied a number of pointsto Wisconsin as he extended at:i~$ation chain down the MississippiRlver. .


14 January 1985


Early Topographic Maps

In the 1810~s the explorer, geologistand first director the U.S. Geologicalsurvey, John wesley Powell detenninedthat the Un!ted States should be coveredby accurate top:>graphical maps. Theoriginal plan was to produce atlas-sizedquadrangles at the scales 1: 62 , 500 (15mm.}, 1:125,000 (30 min.), and1 : 250,000 (1 degree). The larger scalewas to be employed in the more heavllysettled areas, while the smaller scaleswere t~6cover the more thinly settledareas.

Wisconsin's first topographic mapsessentially grew out of Chamberlin'sglacial investigations in Wisconsin.During the years 1886 and 1881,Chamberlin had the assistance of I.M.Buell, a topographer with the U.S.Geological SUrvey. During this timeBuell was engaged in mapping the gl!9ialdeposits of southeastern Wisconsin.The area mapped, hcMever, was irregularin shape, and its limits did not conformto standard sheet lines. Toward the endof the 1887 season, John Renshawe of theGeological SUrvey came to Wisconsin atthe request of Mr. Buell to beginpreparing the material for publication.That year Renshawe worked until late18November and surveyed 136 sq. miles.

During the following season, 1888, VanH. Manning, Jr. was assigned to continuewhere Renshawe had left off. In spiteof his late start, Sept. 24, he was ableto prepare six sheets for publication,working through October. In his 11ttlemore than a month in thy9field hesurveyed 390 sq. miles.

The following May, Manning returned withan assistant. They worked through theend of October and completed an 20add! tional three topographic sheets.In 1890, with two assistants, Manning 21was able to complete seven mor22sheets,and in 1891 an additional six.

With the completion of these 25topographic maps, what might beconsidered the first period of.topographic activity came to an end.The major catalyst to this mappingactivity was Chamberlin's geologicalwork, which promoted the efforts of both

. Davies and Buell. While it isunfortunate that the triangulation washalted, and that the topographic mappingeffort was decreased after 1892, a wordmust be said about the quality of theseearly maps.

Fach sheet covered approximately 220 sq.miles, which means that something over1000 sq. miles were surveyed yearly-supposedly "precise" to];X)9I'aphicsurveying. The fact that by 1905 threequarters of these sheets had beenrevised at least once, indicates thatthe quality was probably affected by thespeed of the survey. Figure 1 shows theoriginal area of topographic coverageand the revision dates of the originalsheets.

The errors in the original sheets were:of three types. The first was the oldproblem of latitude and longitude. Thebasic control network was somewhatcoarse. FigUre 1 shows thetriangulation stations relative to thetopographic sheets. It can be seen thatsome sheets are well provided withcontrol points, but most have one or

'none at all.

!\ I'~')11 )oor . SOUTHEASTERN

h WISCONSIN

r1W TOPOGRAPHIC

MAPPING 1886-1893IIOf,Of IIDT I~/O ,. . ,- ,... .. J... . "0•• 1M»,14 "'HI ,.3,

"~1OATES Of REVISIONS

'904,_ IIO~,O_

LOCATION OF

"- TRIANGULATION0 . STATIONS -- •. . 0

,...J!IO": ''0'

0 U 0

" ... 0

0 . MILES

, ......

figure 1

The second type of error found on theseearly sheets pertained to elevation. Itwasn.' t until 1896 that Congress provided

. funds for. the running of levels and theesi:abl~~hment of vertical control benchmarks.




The third type of error was themisplaced feature or incorrecthydrography. The only differencesbetween the first and revised editionsof the Racine sheet, for example, werethe correction of the hydrography andthe re-situation of a misplaced road.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1U.S. Coast and Geodetic SUrvey,Annual Report (1874), p. 34.

2J . B. Parkinson, "Jom Eugene Davies,"Transactions of the WisconsinA~ ofSciences, Arts and Letters, Vol. 13, pt.1 (1900), pp. 614-617.

3Clair E. Ewing and Michael M.Mitchell, Introduction to Geodesy (NewYork: American Elsevier, 1970), p. ix.In the Preface, the authors explain thateven though their book is designed to beonly an intermediate geodesy textbook,students using the book are assumed tohave knowledge of calculus.

4U. S . Coast and Geodetic SUrvey,Annual Report (1877), p. 47.

5For a map of Davies' triangulationsee Atlas of the Geological SUrveY ofWisconsin, plates 41-42, whichaccompanies Geology of Wisconsin, SUryeyof 1873-1879, 4 vols. plus atlas vol.(Madison, Wis.: Wisconsin Conunissionersof Public Printing, 1887-1882).

6U.S. Coast and Geodetic SUrvey,

Annual Report (1877), p. 47.

7I bi d.

8Idem, Annual Report (1883), p. 65.

9I dem, Annual Report (1884), p. 76

lOReuben Gold Thwaites, "TheBoundaries of Wisconsin," WisconsinHistorical Collections, Vol. 11 (1888),p. 501.

llU. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey,Annual Report (1885), p. 69.

12I dem, Annual Report (1886), p. 86.

Wisconsin Maooina Bulletin 16 r~'



15I b i d•

16L. H. Borgerding, Chief, U.S.G.S.Mid-continent Mapping Center, personalletter ..

17U.S. Geological SUrvey, Annual

Report (1888), p. 57.

18I b i d.


20I dem, Annual Report (1890) , p. 38.


22 I dem, Annual Report (1892), p, 73.

23I dem, "Spirit Leveling," AnnualReport (1897), pp. 225-226.

(end of first installment)

MICROCOMPUTERSFOR REMOTE SENSING

Prof. Tom Lillesand of the OW-MadisonEnvironmental Remote Sensing Centerdeveloped one of the original 28projects submitted in a proposal to IBM.IBM has awarded a $7.5 million grant(Project Trochos) to support theintroductin of microcomputer-basedworkstations into the classroom.

Prof. Lillesand's request was forequipnent to support the development anddelivery of advanced coursework indigi tal processing of earth satellitedata. The equipnent requested willpermit his program to design and test aseries of prototypical software packagesaimed at "hands-on" instruction in themerger of digital satellite data withdigitized map information, and otherland records. More information isavailable from Prof. Lillesand, 1231Meteorology and Space Science, Madison,WI 53706, phone 608/263-3251.

Januarv 1985

AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHYhigh-altitude program, no. 4, p.national archives, no. 4, p, 8

.SHLAND COUNTYrecreation map, no. 2, p. 6

BAY-LAKE RPCno. 4, p. 6coastal e.'1ergy :impact program, no. 4,p. 19

BROWN COUNTYmap ~bit, no. 4, p. 4Green Bay, no. 3, p. 121:100,000 map, no. 3, p. 2

BOUNDARIEShistorical atlas, no. 3, p. 16stateline markers, no. 2, p. 4

BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENTPLSS belt buckle, no. 4, p.12inertial survey, no. 4, p. 24Duluth, no. 1, p. 10Milwaukee, no. 2, p. 5

CARTOGRAPHIC LABORATORYno. 1, p. 4; no. 2, p. 6; no. 4, p. 17

CENSUS BUREAUmaps, no. 1, p. 8midwest region, no. 4, p. 20planning, no. 3, p. 18

COUNTY CARTOGRAPHIC CATALOGScounties available, no. 3, p. 17; no.4, p. 17

new production staff, no. 3, p. 17

DANE COUNTYregional plar.!ling commissio:1, no. 3,

p. 17lPS, no. 3, p. 5-7

DODGE COUNTYautomated mapping, no. 2, p. 6catalog, no. 2, p , 12

DIGITAL INFORMATIONmapping, no. 3, p. 16; no. 4, p. 19USGS data standards, no. 1, p. 10

EAU CLAIRE COUNTYremonumentation, no. 4, p. 11

FLORENCE COUNTYno. 3, p. 9, 17

FOND DU LAC COUNTY1:100,000 ~ap. no.3, p. 2

GEODETIC CONTROLno. 2, p. 8global positioning system, no. 3,p. 4-5

north american vertical datum, no. 1,p. 3

INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE AERIALPHOTOGRAPHY

no. 4, p. 18

IRON COUNTYno. 2, p. 12

KENOSHA COUNTYno. 3, p. 13

LANDSATcommercialization, RSB, APril, p. 1;

no. 4, p. 19landsat 5, RSB, April, p. 3microcomputer, RSB, April, p. 3NOAA price list, no. 4, p. 21satellite image maps, RSB, April, p. 5text, RSB, April, p , 5Washington, DC, RSB, April, p. 6Wisconsin image, RSB, April, p, 6

Wisconsin Maooina Bulletin

1984JNDEX

MADISONarea lakes, no. 4, p. 13llW-Madison, no. 2, p. 11

MAP, AUTOMATIONNE Wisconsin, no.4, p. 19SCO program, no. 4, p.3Dodge County, no. 2, p. 6projections, no.z , p.6

MAPS, GENERAL (see also counties an:::.topographic maps)

CA"IA, no. 4, p. 17car map, no. 3, p. 18census maps, no. 1, p. 8county maps, no. 4, p. 14digital terrain maps, no. 3, p. 16geologic maps, no. 3, p. 12Madison lakes, no. 4, p. 13mappa boITina, no. 4, p. 9map/graphics for handicapped,no. 2, p , 7

Minoqua map. no. 3, p. 13;no. 4, p. 17

northern Wisconsin, no. 3, p. 13orthophotoquads, no. 1, p. 2separations, no. 2, p. 10star charts, no. 1, p. 4Washington, DC, RSB, April, p. 6wetlands, no. 4, p. 23; no. 3, p. 18;

no. 1, p. 11Wisconsin River, no. 4, p. 131: 100 , OOO-scale maps, no. 1, p. 1; no.

3, p. 1

MAPS, HISTORICALno. 4, p. 4 & 15; no. 3, p. 16; no. 2,p. 9

MARATHON COUNTYmaps, no. 2, p, 9precambrian geology, no. 2, p. 7

MENOMINEE COUNTYno. 4, p. 17

MILWAUKEE COUNTYcoastal mapping, no. 4; p. 2

MONROE COUNTYsoil survey, no. 4, p. 13

NOAAno. 3, p. 10

NORTH AMERICAN CARTOGRAPHIC INFORMATIONSOCIETYno. 3, p. 17; no. 2, p. 11

ORIENTEERINGno. 3, p. 12

PRICE COUNTYTimms Hill, no. 4, p. 20

PUBLICATIONS OF INTERESTapplication of digital mapping, no. 3,p. 16

cartographic inventory report, no. 2,p. 7

county boundaries, no. 3, p. 16Kickapoo Va1.ley, no. 4, p. 12map uses, scales and accuracies, no. 1,p. 10

maps/graphics for handicapped, no. 2,p. 7

map projections. no. 1, p. 12north american datum, no. 2, p. 7precambrian geology, no. 2, p , 7digital s tandards , no. 1, p. 10

REMONUMENTATIONn. 1, p. 5Eau Clai~e, no. 4, p. 11Rock County, no. 4, p. 7

17 Bi.

ROCK COUNTYmonument search, no. 4, p. 7

STATE CARTOGRAPHERSno. 4, p. 26

STATE CARTOGRAPHER'S OFFICE.automation, no. 4, p. 3conferences, no, 3, p. 2mailing list, no. 1, p. 9; no. 2, p.

12; no. 3, p, 17map postcards, no. 2, p. 6; 00. 3, p.

17; no. 4, p. 17HE cartographic conference, no. 4, p.

10personnel, no. 3, p. 17

SURVEYINGgeopositioning & land records, no. 3,p. 4 &5

htnnor, no. 1, p. 5inertial survey, no. 4, p. 24landmarks, no. 1, p , 5mortgage surveys, no. 3, p. 7North American datum, no. 2, p. 7; no.

1, p. 3 & 4Prime Meridian, no. 3, p, 3refresher course, no. 4, p; 16remonumentation, 1"'-0. 1, p. 5; =:auClaire, no. 5, p. 11

surveyors, no. 1, p. 5; no. 4,p. 24-25

TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING COMMITTEEno. 1, p. 1;. no. 2, p. 1; 1"'.0. 3, p. 1

TOPOGRAPHIC MAPScuriosity, no. 1, p. 10; no. 2, p. 5;no. 3, p. 11; no. 4, p. 10

index, no. 1, p. 2; no. 2, p. 1; no. 3.p.1

production, no. 1, p. 6; no. 2, p. 3;no. 3, p. 8; no. 4, p. 1 & 5

revisions, no.1, p. 2topo quad completion, no. 1, p. 1; no.2, p, 1; no. 3, p. 2; no. 4, p. 1

1:100,000 Escanaba, no. 4, p, 131:250,000 Racine, no. 4, p. 13

VILAS COUNTYno. 2, p. 9

WAUKESHA COUNTYno. 3, p. 13. 1

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEYearth from space, no. 4, p. 17geographic names, no. 3, p. 14; no. 4,p. 18

map projections, no. 1, p. 10map separates prices, no. 2, p. 10~S map sales, no. 2, p, 2

lan//ar\l 1 Qak

S.C.S.'S FUTUREThe Agriculture Department I s SoilConservation Service, one of the mostpolitically popular farm programs inhistory, would be abolished underadministration budget officials' plansto reduce the federal defici t . ButAgriculture Secretary John R. Block,according to sources, is appealing toPresident Reagan to overrule the Officeof Management and Budget proposal, whichwould chop the SCS fiscal 1986 budget toaround $350 million from its currentlevel of about $821 million. Thesesources added, however, that Block'stask is made more difficult because soilconservation is just one of a number ofUSDA programs that he is defending.

Should OMS's Stockman prevail, Blocklikely could count on strong supportfrom SCS advocates on Capitol Hill andfrom soil-conservation and farmerorganizations in his effort to preservethe 14,000-employee agency. Since 1981,when the Reagan administration beganproposing SCS budget cuts, Congressroutinely has restored funding andpushed for more programs. Only a hardline stance by the administration lastsummer prevented Congress from approvinga major broadening of existing programs.

Under the new OMS proposal, the SCSwould use its fiscal 1986 funds to honora~isting technical-service contracts andthen begin shutting down its nationwidenetwork of technical support offices invirtually every county in the UnitedStates. Sources said this would meandismissing thousands of SCS employees.

The bulk of the SCS budget is directedtoward providing on-farm tech.~ical

assistance in controlling soil erosionand in adopting tillage practices thatpreserve topsoil.

Beyond that, the SCS is involved in avariety of soil and water programs inrural areas. It helps develop smallwatershed flood control, conductssurveys that help determine erosion andfertility problems, and inventoriescropland.

(Editor's Note: The SCS publishescounty soil surveys. Most of northernWisconsin remains unmapped.)

source: The Capital T~}f\es, Ja~. 3, 1985

THE STATE

CARTOGRAPHER'S OFFICE

ISSUES THE WISCONSIN

MAPPING BULLETIN IN

JANUARY, APRIL, JULY

AND OCTOBER. IT IS

DISTRIBUTED FREE OF CHARGE

ON REQUEST.

TH E EDITOR WELCOM ES

NEWS ON COMPLETED

OR ONGOING PROJECTS,

PUBLISHED MAPS OR

REPORTS, AND

CON FER EN CES /WOR KSHOPS. LOCAL

AND REGIONAL INFORMATION IS

ESPECIALLY REQUESTED.

PLEASE SEND ALL COMMENTS,

CORRECTIONS, AND NEWS

ITEMS TO:

CHRISTINE REINHARD,

STATE

CARTOGRAPHER'SOFFICE,

144 SCIENCE HALL

MADISON, WI 53706,

608/262-3065.

ANSWERS:1) Burnett, Polk, Barron, Washburn, Douglas2) Oconto, Shawano, Outagamie, Brown, Kewaunee, Door, Marinette3) Crawford, Richland, Sauk, Columbia, Dane, Green, Iowa, Lafayette, Grant4) Waushara, Marquette, Columbia, Adams, Juneau, Sauk, Richland, Vernon,

Crawford, Monroe

s

~J7

I

M

N

'dla4 awos paau nOA aSEJ u~ MOlaq ajE SjaMSUEa41 'alEJS aWES a4l lE llE ajE Aa41 'pau~llno sa~lUnOJ a4l jOj saWEU a4l +noajn6~j s~ op 0l aAE4 nOA ll~ 'sa~jEpunoq AlunOJ 6U~M04S saxoq jnoj ajE MOlag

VII\I~l A1NnOJ

WISCONSIN MAPPING BULLETINState Cartographer's Office144 Science HallMadison, WI 53706

Nonproflt OrganizationU. S. POSTAGE

PAIDMadisan, Wisconsin

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