George F. White M.DRetired Otolaryngology

Student of Wine

Presents:

WINE AND HEALTHA comparison of antiquity and

modern concepts

Disclaimer #1Unfortunately,I have not received funding from any winery or pharmaceutical firm for this presentation

Opus One Winery

Disclaimer #2Any comments regarding religious concepts are based on historical articles and are not intended to represent any personal views on cosmology

Disclaimer # 3When using the term “myth” the following definition by Dr. Robert Oden, Ph.D. (former Hotchkiss Head Master and President of Kenyon College) is applied:

Disclaimer # 3 Cont.• A myth is a story in narration form

with a beginning, middle, and end.• A myth is traditional and social

creation within a religious or otherwise distinctive society.

• A myth deals with a being who is supernatural and the deeds are impossible for an ordinary human.

Origins of Wine I. Noah Hypothesis

• Genesis 1:11 “Every kind of plant that bears seed”

•Genesis 10:20 “Now Noah, a man of the soil, was the first to plant a vineyard”

Origins of Wine

Origins of WineII. Gilgamesh Epic- Search for

immortality, Utnapishtim, Mt. NisirGilgamesh meets Siduri-Goddess of Wine

Origin of WineIII. Jamshid of the Pishdadian

Dynasty• Jamshid’s wife (one of

many) and migraine

Origin of WineIV. Greek God Zeus and his

flood. Oresthens planted the first vineyard

Domestication of Wine

Wild Grapes- Diocecious Domestic Grapes-Hermaphroditic

NEOLITHIC TIMES

Domestication of Wine

Rhone Valley Hermitage

St Emilion

The Ancients and Wine Book of Sirach 31:27

“Wine means life for a man if he is moderate in drinking…it was made to make men glad”

Robert Mondavi

Zind Humbrecht

The Ancients and Wine

Dionysos and Hephaistos 550 BC

The Ancients and WineHOMER

Wounds of Philoctetes (Troy) healed with wine by Podaleirius (son of Asclepius)

The Ancients and WineINDIA

Vedic Period (2500 BC) – Gupta Classical (530 AD)

Soma-(God of Liquid Pleasure) Rigg-Veda (sacred text) makes the

blind see and the lame walk Ayurveda- (Medical text) happiness

and good digestion, antidote to fatigue, sorrow , shock, anestheticSushruta- (ancient physician) used it as an anestheticMadya-(wine) classical era; for fatigue, depression and TB if mixed with goat’s milk

SOMA

The Ancients and WineCHINA

Wine and black cat liver-malariaWine and flesh of pit viper- colic,

worms, hemorrhoids, flatulence

The Ancients and WineHIPPOCRATES

“Father of Medicine”Cooling fever, diuretic, antiseptic and to

help convalescence, jaundice and digestion,

menstrual pain

The Ancients and Wine

CATO/PLINY Gastric, urologic ailments;

snakebite,constipation; calms the soul,

nourishes the blood

EARLY CHRISTIANITY

• Feast of Cana• Sacrament of the

Eucharist

EARLY CHRISTIANITY• St Paul• Timothy 5:23“Stop drinking only water but

have a little wine for the sake of your stomach and

your frequent illnesses”

Pre ModernAVICENNA (982-1037)

Wine is the best friend of wise people

Pre ModernMAIMONIDES

(Jewish)Spain, Egypt 12th Century

Wine cures many illnesses, keeps the body healthy

Pre ModernSALERNO MEDICAL SCHOOL

Wine raises the tonus, makes the mind lively, hearing sharp

and favors with good health

RENAISSANCEENLIGHTENMENT

DR. BENJAMIN RUSH-Signer of the Declaration of Independence

Classification

Order-Rhamnales Includes IVY ,VA Creeper

Family-VitaceaeGenus-VitisSpecies-Vinifera

– Wild-VV Silvestris– VV Sativa

Structure of a Grape

The polyphenols, resveratrol, catechins, quercetin, oligomeric procyanidin and other antioxidants are produced in the skin.

Modern EraMID-20th CENTURY DENIAL

Prohibition1970’s NIH suppressed Framingham

Heart studythat showed moderate drinkers had

50% fewer deaths from coronary disease than

non-drinkers

Modern EraMID-20th CENTURY DENIAL

02468

1012Ten-Year

Mortality Rate (per

1000)0 1-2 3-5 6 +

Drinks Per Day

Total Mortality Rate Compared to Alcohol Consumption

Source: Klatsky, 1981. Annuals of Internal Medicine

Heart Disease Rates in 18 Western Countries

Heart Diseas

e Mortality Per

1000 Men

Wine Consumption (4 Oz Glasses/Day)

Source: St. Leger, The Lancet May 12, 1979

Modern Era

French Paradox•Dr. Samuel Black 1819•Dr. Serge Renaud, Bordeaux University•60 minutes 1991- Morley Safer•Dr. Klatsky-Kaiser Study

Late 20th Century Denial

Cheese Restaurant (Bordeaux)

Modern EraLate 20th Century Denial

French Paradox

• 1999 British Heart Foundation•Rate of Death CHD: •115/100,000 USA•83/100,000 France

• 2004 WHO-Similar Study

Cellar Master, (Rhone Valley)

Formula A simplified concept of how

antioxidants work1.Cell + oxygen = “free

radicals”

+ 02 =

2.Free Radicals + antioxidants = Good Health

+ =Internet Al Hanoi Jane

Modern EraMECHANISM OF ACTION

Science of Wine

1.Antioxidants in wine prevent the oxidation of LDL which prevents the macrophages from filling up with cholesterol, thus reducing atherosclerosis.

2.The alcohol itself increases HDL concentration which is anti inflammatory, thus decreases the risk of atherosclerosis3.Wine decreases platelet

stickiness

4.* The polyphenols inhibit Endothelin I. This compound damages the endothelium and produces vasoconstriction-the primary events for atherosclerosis

Results of StudiesCARDIOVASCULAR

. Helps prevent cardiofibrosis.

Dilates small blood vessels, prevents clotting and plaque formation, increases HDL, reduces the risk of stroke and MI.

Moderate consumption of red wine reduces risk factors by 30%-50%.

Results of FindingsDIABETES II

Reduces risk by 33%-56%, and does not interfere with medication, increases insulin sensitivity“Red wine protects diabetic patients from meal-induced oxidative stress and thrombosis, a pleasant approach to the prevention of cardiovascular disease in diabetes.”

Results of FindingsDEMENTIA

Moderate drinkers have lower risk of developing dementia and perform better on cognitive tests than non-drinkers.

Results of FindingsCANCER

Quercetin inhibits growth of cancer and leukemia cells. It potentiates chemotherapy.28% lower risks for kidney cancer

Prostate cancer in mice using resveratrol had 87% lower rate

Lung cancer- 22 % less chance

Take a deep breathe this will not hurt.

Results of FindingsORTHOPEDICS

Hip fractures reduced 39% in elderly. The wine increases estrogen which is protective.

ConclusionsTHE ANCIENTS WERE CORRECT:

• Wine in moderation is good for the health

• Exercise• Diet discretion• Excess of alcohol is not healthy• Better yet, select your parents wiselyBarrellTa

stingGrape Harvester

ConclusionsWHICH WINES ARE MOST HEALTHY:

:Cabernet SauvignonSyrahPinot Noir

Ultraviolet EffectWINE WITH FOOD IS BETTER

Appropriate Wine Drinking

Greenbrier

George, Mark, Sandy

Inappropriate Wine Drinking

3 Bottle Club ? Medical Staff

I end with the beginning from SirachWine means life for

a man if he is moderate in drinking”

The End