geothermal enegy (by waqas ali tunio)

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  • 8/9/2019 Geothermal Enegy (By Waqas Ali Tunio)

    1/9

    K ikhj} sjp}o`jf `d`}g~ ns }nga

    pdc`} ~jp} f``G`ja`}ikb @d`}g~ Kssngdi`d

    _pminss`c sj _n} Xka``}pccnd I`ijd

    Ojds`ds Ukg` Dj$

    Nds}jcposnjd =

    _jp}o` jf G`jsa`}ikb @d`}g~ 3

    G`jsa`}ikb _~s`i 0

    G`jsa`}ikb ]``}vjn} 7

    @dvn}jdi`dskb Niukos jf G`jsa`}ikb @d`}g~ 1

    _pgg`snjd >

    [pknc)`)Kwki Pdnv`}sn~ jf @dgnd``}ndg" _on`do` & S`oadjbjg~" Dkwkmsaka) Uklnskd

    G`ja`}ikb @d`}g~ Kssngdi`d

    M~ Wk{ks Kbn Spdnj

    @d`}g~ S`oadjbjg~ ) NN

  • 8/9/2019 Geothermal Enegy (By Waqas Ali Tunio)

    2/9

    K ikhj} jp}o` jf `d`}g~ n }ngas pdc`} ~jp} f``s M~ Wk{k Kbn Spdnj

    G`ja`}ikb @d`}g~ Kssngdi`d r @d`}g~ S`oadjbjg~ ) NN=

    Nds}jcposnjd

    @d`}g~ f}ji sa` @k}sa Wak ojpbc m` ij}` dkp}kb j}

    ub`dnfpb: Sa` sjp}o` jf g`ja`}ikb ujw`} ns a` a`k

    ojdknd`c ndsnc` a` @k}a< a`k sj nd`ds` ak n

    o}`k`s ijb`d ikgik$ Sa`}` k}` k f`w cnff`}`d ~u`s

    jf g`ja`}ikb `d`}g~ ak okd m` kuu`c$ -_ji`

    g`ja`}ikb s~s`is k}` fj}i`c wa`d aj ikgik d`k}s

    a` sp}fko` !;"055 j ;5"555 i``}s c``u. cn}`ob~ a`ks

    g}jpdcwk`}$- Sa` a`k g`d`}k`c f}ji a`s` aj sujs

    fbjws jpwk}c jwk}c a` sp}fko`" ikdnf`sndg ks

    vjbokdj`s" g`~s`}s" kdc aj su}ndgs$ Dkp}kbb~)joop}}ndg

    aj wk`} kdc s`ki okd m` kuu`c m~ `d`}g~

    ojdv`}snjd `oadjbjg~ j g`d`}k` `b`o}non~ j} j

    u}jcpo` aj wk`} fj} cn}`o ps`$ -Ja`} g`ja`}ikb

    s~s`is k}` fj}i`c `v`d wa`d dj ikgik ns d`k}m~ ks

    ikgik a`ks }jols wanoa nd p}d a`k c``ub~)on}opbkndg

    g}jpdcwk`}$- Nd j}c`} j ikqninx` a` `d`}g~ gb`kd`c

    f}ji a`s` sj)okbb`c -aj c}~ }jols"- g`ja`}ikbfkonbnn`s wnbb jf`d f}kop}` a` aj }jols kdc upiu

    wk`} ndj kdc f}ji a`i nd j}c`} j ps` a` a`k`c

    wk`} j g`d`}k` `b`o}non~$

    Sa` ojdo`ds}ksnjd jf g`jsa`}ikb `d`}g~ k kd~ gnv`d

    bjoknjd ips m` {pn` anga nd j}c`} j ikl` a`k

    `q}konjd f`ksnmb`" kdc dj kbb g`ja`}ikb sn`s k}`

    o}`k`c `{pkbb~$ ]`gnjds ak akv` w`bb)c`v`bju`c

    g`ja`}ikb s~s`is k}` bjok`c nd g`jbjgnokbb~ konv`

    k}`ks$ Sa`s` }`gnjds akv` ojdndpjps" ojdo`d}k`c a`k

    fbjw j a` sp}fko`$ Sa` w`s`}d Pdn`c _k`s aks a`

    m`s g`ja`}ikb }`gnjds nd a` ojpd}~" wanb`s No`bkdc"D`w X`kbkdc" a` Uanbnuund`s" kdc _jpa Ki`}nok" k}`

    sji` jf a` ij}` u}jind`d gbjmkb -aj sujs$- Nd

    No`bkdc" g`ja`}ikb `d`}g~" okps`c m~ a` ojdskd

    ijv`i`d jf g`jbjgno ubk`s ojpub`c wna a` vjbokdno

    dkp}` jf a` nsbkdc" ns ps`c j a`k >0% jf kbb aji`s$

    Pdfj}spdks`b~ `v`d gjjc g`jsa`}ikbk}`ks k}` k djd)

    }`d`wkmb` }`d`wkmb`$ -Sa` G`~s`}s"- a` wj}bc's bk}g`s

    g`ja`}ikb fkonbn~" ns k wj}lndg ijc`b jd ajwdjsj

    kuu}jkoa k sj)okbb`c -}`d`wkmb`- g`ja`}ikb }`sjp}o`$

    Mpnb nd a` ;>05s jd k s`ki fn`bc nd Dj}a`}d Okbnfj}dnk"

    a` fkonbn~ wks `skmbnsa`c jd a` kuuk}`d ksspiunjd

    ak g`ja`}ikb }`sjp}o`s w`}` ndfndn` k ak bjoknjd$

    Ajw`v`}" m~ a` bk` ;>15s" s`ki c`obnd` m`oki`djno`kmb` kdc spsknd`c$ C`ub`njd joop}}`c m`okps`

    s`ki wks m`ndg `q}ko`c fks`} akd n ojpbc m`

    dkp}kbb~ }`ubko`c$ Kooj}cndg j k }`uj} m~ Ukonfno Gks

    kdc @b`o}no" -m`okps` jf c`obndndg g`ja`}ikb s`ki

    spuubn`s" a` Ojiukd~'s g`ja`}ikb pdns k Sa` G`~s`}s

    Ujw`} Ubkd k}` fj}`oks j ju`}k` k }`cpo`c

    okukonn`s$- Nd }`sujds`" -ubkd ju`}kj}s kdc s`ki

    spuubn`}s ojdndpkbb~ s``l d`w ju`}kndg s}k`gn`s j

    ikqninx` fpp}` ujw`} g`d`}knjd ojpub`c wna cknb~

    ndh`onjd jf inbbnjds jf gkbbjds jf }`obkni`c ipdnonukb

    wks`wk`}$- @v`d ajpga niu}jv`i`ds nd `ffnon`do~

    kdc ojds`}vknjd k}` m`ndg niub`i`d`c kdc nd ;>>6Sa` G`~s`}s wks snbb u}jcpondg `djpga `b`o}non~ j

    spuub~ a` ujw`} c`ikdc jf k on~ bnl` _kd F}kdonsoj" n

    ns u}jh`o`c ak a` s`ki fn`bc wnbb m` c`fpdo nd 05

    ~`k}s j} sj$ Sj u}`v`d ans sj} jf andg f}ji akuu`dndg

    `bs`wa`}`" g`ja`}ikb fkonbnn`s okd ps` k objs`c)bjju

    s~s`i k kbb ni`s" j} a` }`)ndh`onjd jf wk`} mkol ndj

    a` s~s`i fj} ojdskd s`ki g`d`}knjd" ks UG&@ ns

    djw niub`i`dndg k Sa` G`~s`}s$

    C`uns` sa` fkos saks g`jsa`}ikb `d`}g~ n kmpdckds}`d`wkmb`" kdc kmb` j }`cpo` jp} c`u`dc`do` jd

    niuj}`c fp`bs" a` fko }`iknds ak fn`bcs jf spffnon`d

    {pkbn~ j u}jcpo` `ojdjino `b`o}non~ k}` }k}`$ Nd

    kccnnjd" ikd~ jf ajs` ak k}` ldjwd k}` bjok`c nd

    u}j`o`c wnbc`}d`ss k}`ks ak `dvn}jdi`dkbnss wkd

    j u}`s`}v`$ Pdb`ss }`s`k}oa kdc `oadjbjg~ hjnd fj}o`s

    j -ak}v`s- g`ja`}ikb ujw`} a}jpga djd)}kcnnjdkb

    i`kds" spoa ks c``u)o}pskb c}nbbndg j} a` ko{pnsnnjd jf

  • 8/9/2019 Geothermal Enegy (By Waqas Ali Tunio)

    3/9

    K ikhj} jp}o` jf `d`}g~ n }ngas pdc`} ~jp} f``s M~ Wk{k Kbn Spdnj

    G`ja`}ikb @d`}g~ Kssngdi`d r @d`}g~ S`oadjbjg~ ) NN?

    a`k f}ji ikgik" a` kuundg jf g`ja`}ikb `d`}g~ ns

    bnin`c j k akdcfpb jf bjoknjds$

    @dvn}jdi`dskb ojdo`}dkbsj knd a` nssp` jf

    g`ja`}ikb `d`}g~$ Kbajpga dj ojimpsnjd joop}s"

    sji` kuubnoknjds u}jcpo` ok}mjd cnjqnc` kdc a~c}jg`d

    spbfnc` `inssnjds" }`{pn}` a` ojjbndg jf ks ipoa ks

    ;55"555 gkbbjds jf wk`} u`} i`gkwk u`} ck~" kdccnsujs` jf jqno wks` kdc cnssjbv`c sjbncs$

    Kdjsa`} s~u` jf g`jsa`}ikb `d`}g~m`ndg ps`c

    ojii`}onkbb~ ns @k}a `d`}g~" `q}ko`c a}jpga a`k

    upius$ A`k ojdknd`c nd sakbbjw g}jpdc ns ps`c j

    cn}`ob~ a`k j} ojjb ajps`s sndo` a` `iu`}kp}` ndsnc`

    a` g}jpdc `dcs j sk~ k a` ~`k}b~ kv`}kg`$

    Sa`}`fj}`" nd a` wnd`} a` g}jpdc ns wk}i`} akd a`

    kn} kdc okd m` ps`c j a`k k mpnbcndg" kdc nd a`

    spii`} a` g}jpdc ns ojjb`} akd a` kn} kdc okd ko ks

    kd kn} ojdcnnjd`}$ ]`s`k}oa`}s ldjw ak -dj konv`

    `oadjbjg~ fj} aji` ojjbndg ns ij}` `ffnon`d akd a`

    g`ja`}ikb a`k upiu$- Sans `oadn{p` }`cpo s a`

    }`bnkdo` jd ja`} }`sjp}o`s kdc okd m` pnbnx`c

    kd~wa`}`" }`spbndg nd sngdnfnokd `dvn}jdi`dkb m`d`fns

    kdc }`cpo`c `d`}g~ ojss$

    Sa`}` k}` kbj jsa`} u}jmb`iak u}`v`d ps f}ji

    klndg fpbb kcvkdkg` jf ans fj}i jf `d`}g~$ @v`d ajpga

    a`}` k}` g`ja`}ikb }`sjp}o`s a}jpgajp a` wj}bc"

    jp} op}}`d `oadjbjg~ ns dj spffnon`d j} `ojdjinokb

    `djpga j wk}}kd ns wnc`su}`kc ps`$ Fpdcndg fj}

    `d`}g~ `q}konjd ak ndvjbv`s a` u`d`}knjd jf

    ikgik ns dj kvknbkmb` m`okps` w` cj dj ~` ldjw ajw

    j u}`v`d k anga)`iu`}kp}`" anga)u}`ssp}` mbjwjp$

    Wa`d a`k upius k}` ojdsnc`}`c" wanoa ku bjokb

    sjp}o`s jf a`k kdc okd a`bu j }`cpo` k fkinb~'s

    `b`o}non~ mnbb m~ kmjp #; u`} ck~" a` s~s`i ns dj

    `ojdjinokbb~ vnkmb`$ N -ik~ akv` k uk~mkol u`}njc nd

    `qo`ss jf 0 ~`k}s"- wanoa wnbb ndo}`ks` wna c`o}`ks`c

    `b`o}non~ }k`s -pdb`ss `{pnui`d kdc ndskbbknjd ojss

    c}ju c}kiknokbb~$- Nd kccnnjd" @k}a `d`}g~ ns dj

    -nd`ds`- `djpga j u}jcpo` ujw`} fj} a` `b`o}nokb

    cns}nmpnjd g}nc< n ns jdb~ spffnon`d j }`cpo` a` c}kw

    f}ji a` g}nc$

    Sa`}` k}` c`fndns` jmskob` j m` jv`}oji` m`fj}`g`ja`}ikb `d`}g~ okd m` `ksnb~ kdc `ojdjinokbb~

    ak}d`ss`c fj} `v`}~ck~" wj}bcwnc` ps`$ Oks` nd ujnd8

    -Ojds}ponjd jf d`w cji`sno `b`o}non~)u}jcpondg

    g`ja`}ikb fkonbnn`s nd a` W`s`}d Pdn`c _k`s cp}ndg

    ;>>6 wks bnin`c j jd` sn`" cp` j a` kvknbkmnbn~ jf

    oa`ku" ub`dnfpb dkp}kb)gks)fn}`c b`o}non~ nd a` W`s$-

  • 8/9/2019 Geothermal Enegy (By Waqas Ali Tunio)

    4/9

    K ikhj} jp}o` jf `d`}g~ n }ngas pdc`} ~jp} f``s M~ Wk{k Kbn Spdnj

    G`ja`}ikb @d`}g~ Kssngdi`d r @d`}g~ S`oadjbjg~ ) NN3

    _jp}o`s jf G`jsa`}ikb

    @d`}g~

    Sa` }ndg jf fn}` gj`s k}jpdc a` `cg`s jf a` Ukonfno$ Sa`

    iku sajws ak vjbokdno konvn~ joop}s k}jpdc a`

    Ukonfno ]ni$

    Dkp}kbb~ joop}}ndg bk}g` k}`ks jf a~c}ja`}ikb

    }`sjp}o`s k}` okbb`c g`jsa`}ikb }``}vjn}$ Ijs

    g`ja`}ikb }`s`}vjn}s k}` c``u pdc`}g}jpdc wna dj

    vnsnmb` obp`s sajwndg kmjv` g}jpdc$ Mp g`ja`}ikb

    `d`}g~ sji`ni`s fndcs ns wk~ j a` sp}fko` nd a`

    fj}i jf8

    ~ Vjbokdj` kdc fpik}jb` !ajb`s wa`}` vjbokdno gks`sk}` }`b`ks`c.

    ~ Ajs u}ndg~ G`~`}

    Ijs G`ja`}ikb ]`sjp}o`s K}` D`k} Ubk` Mjpdck}n`s

    Sa` ijs konv` g`ja`}ikb }`sjp}o`s k}` pspkbb~ fjpdc

    kbjdg ikhj} ubk` mjpdck}n`s wa`}` `k}a{pkl`s kdc

    vjbokdj`s k}` ojdo`d}k`c$ Ijs jf a` g`ja`}ikb

    konvn~ nd a` wj}bc joop}s nd kd k}`k okbb`c a`]ndg jf

    Fn}`$ Sans k}`k `don}ob`s a` Ukonfno Jo`kd$

    Wa`d ikgik oji`s objs` j a` sp}fko`" n a`ks

    g}jpdc wk`} fjpdc }kuu`c nd uj}jps }jol j} wk`}

    }pddndg kbjdg f}kop}`c }jol sp}fko`s kdc fkpbs$ Sa`s`

    f`kp}`s k}` okbb`c a~c}jsa`}ikb$ Sa`~ akv` wj

    ojiijd ndg}`cn`ds8 wk`} !a~c}j. kdc a`k !a`}ikb.$

    G`jbjgnss ps` vk}njps i`ajcs j bjjl fj} g`ja`}ikb

    }`s`}vjn}s$ C}nbbndg k w`bb kdc `sndg a` `iu`}kp}`

    c``u pdc`}g}jpdc ns a` ijs }`bnkmb` i`ajc fj}fndcndg k g`ja`}ikb }`s`}vjn}$

  • 8/9/2019 Geothermal Enegy (By Waqas Ali Tunio)

    5/9

    K ikhj} jp}o` jf `d`}g~ n }ngas pdc`} ~jp} f``s M~ Wk{k Kbn Spdnj

    G`ja`}ikb @d`}g~ Kssngdi`d r @d`}g~ S`oadjbjg~ ) NN0

    G`jsa`}ikb _~ss is

    G`ja`}ikb a`k `q}konjd s~s`is okd m` bjjs`b~

    ok`gj}nx`c ndj ju`d kdc objs`c)bjju s~s`is$

    Ju`d s~s`is k}` c`d`c ks ju`d)bjju s~s`is nd wanoa

    g}jpdcwk`} ns ps`c ks k a`k ok}}n`} kdc ns m}jpga

    cn}`ob~ j a` a`k upiu$ M`w``d `k}a" g}jpdc wk`}"

    kdc a` a`k upiu `qoakdg`} a`}` ns dj mk}}n`}$ W` okd

    cnsndgpnsa m`w``d sndgb` kdc ipbnub` w`bbs$

    _ndgb` w`bb ju`d)bjju ~s`i

    K sndgb` w`bb s~s`i ns k mj}`)ajb` f}ji wanoa wk`} ns

    upiu`c pu f}ji a` k{pnf`}" ukss`s a}jpga a` a`k

    upiu's a`k `qoakdg`} kdc ns bk`} cnsoak}g`c k a`

    sp}fko`" fj} `qkiub` ndj k bkl` j} fj} n}}ngknjd

    up}ujs`s$ Dj wk`} ns }`)ndh`o`c ndj a` g}jpdc$ Sa`}`ns k d` bjss jf g}jpdcwk`}$ _kdcndg ojbpid w`bbs k}`

    pdoks`c mj}`)ajb`s nd cn}`o ojdko wna a`

    sp}}jpdcndg k{pnf`}" o}`kndg k skdcndg ojbpid jf wk`}

    f}ji a` ju jf a` g}jpdcwk`} kmb` cjwd j a`

    mjji jf a` w`bb$ A`k`c wk`} ns c}kwd f}ji a`

    mjji uk} jf a` w`bb kdc ns }`p}d`c k a` ju kf`}

    ukssndg a}jpga k a`k `qoakdg`}$ Sa`}` ns dj d`

    wnac}kwkb jf g}jpdcwk`}$

    Ipbsnub` w`bb ju`d)bjju ~s`iCjpmb` j} cpkb w`bbs ojdsns jf kd ndh`onjd w`bb kdc k

    u}jcponjd w`bb$ Aj wk`} ns upiu`c jp jf a`

    u}jcponjd w`bb" ukss`s a}jpga k a`k `qoakdg`}" kdc

    a` ojjb`c wk`} ns }`)ndh`o`c ndj k s`ojdc w`bb sji`

    cnskdo` f}ji a` u}jcponjd w`bb$

    Aj)C}~)]jol !AC]. ns k vk}nkd jf a` ipbnub` w`bb

    s~s`is" wa`}`m~ k }`s`}vjn} jf aj }jol c``u pdc`} a`

    `k}a ns ps`c j a`k wk`} wanoa aks m``d ndh`o`c ndj

    jd` j} ipbnub` ndh`onjd w`bbs$ Sa` a`k`c wk`} ns }`)

    p}d`c j a` sp}fko` m~ jd` j} ipbnub` u}jcponjdw`bbs$ Ndnnkbb~ a` ndh`onjd wk`} ns u}`ssp}nx`c nd j}c`}

    j f}kop}` a` }jol spffnon`db~ j `dkmb` wk`} j jw

    j a` u}jcponjd w`bbs$ AC] aks ~` j m` u}jv`d

    `ojdjinokbb~ kdc ojii`}onkbb~ vnkmb`$

    Nd objs`c)bjju s~s`is" k a`k }kdsf`} pnc ns

    ojdndpjpsb~ on}opbk`c a}jpga a` `k}a nd k objs`c

    unu` s~s`i wnajp `v`} cn}`ob~ ojdkondg a` sjnb j}

    wk`} nd wanoa a` bjju ns mp}n`c j} nii`}s`c$

    @dakdo`c G`jsa`}ikb _~s`i

    S`oadjbjgn`

    Sa` Dkv~ ; g`jsa`}ikb ujw`} ubkds d`k} Ojj Ajs_u}ndg" Okbnfj}dnk"

    n kuub~ndg @G_ s`oadjbjg~

    G`jsa`}ikb @d`}g~ kdc sa` @dakdo`c G`jsa`}ikb

    _~s`i Ojdo`us

    A`k ns dkp}kbb~ u}`s`d `v`}~wa`}` nd a` `k}a$ Fj} kbb

    nd`ds kdc up}ujs`s" a`k f}ji a` `k}a ns

    nd`qakpsnmb`$ Wk`} ns dj d`k}b~ ks pmn{pnjps nd a`

    `k}a ks a`k$ Ijs k{p`jps fbpncs k}` c`}nv`c f}ji

    sp}fko` wk`}s ak akv` u`}ojbk`c ndj a` `k}a kbjdg

    u`}i`kmb` ukawk~s spoa ks fkpbs$ U`}i`kmnbn~ ns k

    i`ksp}` jf a` `ks` jf fbpnc fbjw a}jpga }jol$ Sa`

    u`}i`kmnbn~ jf }jol }`spbs f}ji uj}`s" f}kop}`s" hjnds"

    fkpbs" kdc ja`} ju`dndgs wanoa kbbjw fbpncs j ijv`$

    Anga u`}i`kmnbn~ niubn`s ak fbpncs okd fbjw }kuncb~

    a}jpga a` }jol$ U`}i kmnbn~ kdc" spms`{p`db~" a`

    kijpd jf fbpncs `dc j c`o}`ks` wna c`ua ks

    ju`dndgs nd a` }jols ojiu}`ss f}ji a` w`nga jf a`

    jv`}mp}c`d$

    K sakbbjw c`uas" ~unokbb~ b`ss akd 0 li" a`

    ojndonc`do` jf a`k" wk`} !pspkbb~ wna cnssjbv`c

    ind`}kbs kdc gks`s." kdc u`}i`kmb` }jol okd }`spb nd

    dkp}kb aj wk`} }`s`}vjn}s$ Sa`s` a~c}ja`}ikb

    }`s`}vjn}s akv` niu`}i`kmb` j} bjw)fbjw mjpdck}n`s

    spoa ks s}pop}kb cnsojdndpnn`s j} ja`} g`jbjgnokb

  • 8/9/2019 Geothermal Enegy (By Waqas Ali Tunio)

    6/9

    K ikhj} jp}o` jf `d`}g~ n }ngas pdc`} ~jp} f``s M~ Wk{k Kbn Spdnj

    G`ja`}ikb @d`}g~ Kssngdi`d r @d`}g~ S`oadjbjg~ ) NN6

    f`kp}`s ak niu`c` a` ing}knjd jf fbpncs$ Jf`d"

    a~c}ja`}ikb }`s`}vjn}s akv` kd jv`}b~ndg bk~`} j} oku

    }jol ak mjpdcs a` }`s`}vjn} kdc kbsj s`}v`s ks k

    a`}ikb ndspbkj}" kbbjwndg g}`k`} a`k }``dnjd$ Nf

    a~c}ja`}ikb }`s`}vjn}s ojdknd spffnon`d fbpncs !wk`}

    j} s`ki. k anga `iu`}kp}`s kdc u}`ssp}`s" ajs`

    fbpncs okd m` u}jcpo`c a}jpga w`bbs j g`d }k`

    `b`o}non~ j}" fj} u}jo`ss a`k$

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  • 8/9/2019 Geothermal Enegy (By Waqas Ali Tunio)

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  • 8/9/2019 Geothermal Enegy (By Waqas Ali Tunio)

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