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Geothermal Energy Presented by: William Murray March 28, 2007

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Geothermal Energy. Presented by: William Murray March 28, 2007. What is Geothermal Energy?. Defined: Energy that is generated by converting hot water or steam from deep beneath the Earth’s surface into electricity. Unique renewable Natural Energy Flow Heat Mining Enthalpy. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Geothermal Energy

Geothermal Energy

Presented by: William MurrayMarch 28, 2007

Page 2: Geothermal Energy

What is Geothermal Energy?

• Defined: Energy that is generated by converting hot water or steam from deep beneath the Earth’s surface into electricity.

• Unique renewable• Natural Energy Flow

– Heat Mining– Enthalpy

Page 3: Geothermal Energy

The Heat Source• Tiny quantities of radioactive isotopes

liberate heat as they decay• Core heat transfer through convection• Accessible in locations where heats

interior is brought within reach– Lithospheric Plates

• Significant heat flow• Volcanic activity

Page 4: Geothermal Energy
Page 5: Geothermal Energy
Page 6: Geothermal Energy
Page 7: Geothermal Energy

The Heat Source Cont’d• High enthalpy systems are divided

into two categories– Vapor Dominated

• Best and most productive• Free of liquids

– Liquid Dominated• Relies on water at boiling point• Often results in steam “flash”

• Two-phase zone

Page 8: Geothermal Energy

Geothermal Potential• Nature of the resource

– Fluid Temperature– Salinity– Fluid Pressure– Gas Content

• Economies of Scale• Maximum efficiency

Page 9: Geothermal Energy

Four Main Types• Dry steam power plant• Single flash steam power plant• Binary cycle power plant• Double flash power plant

Page 10: Geothermal Energy

Dry Steam Power Plant

Page 11: Geothermal Energy

Single/Double Flash Steam

Page 12: Geothermal Energy

Binary Cycle Power Plant

Page 13: Geothermal Energy

Ground Source Heat Pump

Page 14: Geothermal Energy

Global Capacity• Worldwide use of geothermal 9.3GW

– 28 GW used directly for heating– 100GWt through ground-source heat

pumps• Potential for 65-138GW• MIT claims 100GWe by 2050• 0.3% of US energy consumption

Page 15: Geothermal Energy

Environmental Impact• Gaseous emissions

– Less than 1/10th of coal-fired carbon emissions

– Dissolved gasses• Land use • Noise• Potential ground subsidence

Page 16: Geothermal Energy

Geothermal Usage• Iceland generates 26.5% of energy from geothermal

– .1% Fossil fuels– 73% Hydro

• In the US– Alaska (1 Plant)– California (4.8% of electrical energy, 2.4GW installed

capacity)– Hawaii (30MW on largest island, 20% of electrical energy)– Nevada(15 plants, 254MW)– Utah (reconstructed developing plants)

Page 17: Geothermal Energy
Page 18: Geothermal Energy

Applications in Belize• Belize is the only country in Central

America that does not have the potential for geothermal energy according to the US Department of Energy

Page 19: Geothermal Energy

QUESTIONS?!!