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x'nfssf] zlgaf/] ;]jf g/f]lsg]ut km]a|'c/Ldf x'nfs ;]jf (USPS) n] zlgaf/sf lbg

kq Nofpg] ;]jf ug{ g;Sg] egL u/]sf] k|:tfj clxn] nfu' gx'g] ePsf] 5 . o'P;lkP;n] cu:t % b]lv zlgaf/ kq gNofpg] t/ cfjZos Kofs]6 dfq 3/–3/ n}hfg] k|:tfj u/]sf] lyof] .o'P;lkP;n] pSt ;]jf

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sfdx? x'g] ePsfn] x'nfssf] k|of]u sd ePsf] 5 . oxL sdLn] ubf{ o'P;lk;nfO{ 3f6f nfUb} cfPsf] 5 . ToxL 3f6f sd ug{ o'P;lk;n] ;]jfdf s6f}tL ug{ pSt k|:tfj /fv]sf] lyof] .

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rLg / a|flhnaf6 cfpg] ko{6ssf] ;+Vof ;g\ @)!! eGbf a9\of] . rLgaf6 ! nfv !) xhf/ / a|flhnaf6 ! nfv ^@ xhf/ ko{6s cfP . rLg / a|flhnsf gful/snfO{ cd]l/sf cfpg le;f rflxG5 . k|mfG; -! nfv !( xhf/_,

hd{gL -! nfv ** xhf/_ / a]nfotsf ko{6s 36], hxfFsf gful/snfO{ le;f cfjZos x'Gg .

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c+u|]hL !% xhf/ zAbsf] cy{ ePsf] .

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PsfO ldn]/ ag]sf x'G5g\ . oL ;fgf PsfOnfO{ sfpG6L (County) elgG5 . cd]l/sfdf # xhf/ !

;oeGbf a9L sfpG6Lx? 5g\ . n'lhofgf (Louisiana)

/fHodf sfpG6LnfO{ kfl/; (Parish) elgG5, h;sf] cy{ …6f]nÚ, …OnfsfÚ jf …a:tLÚ x'G5 . cnf:sf (Alaska) df sfpG6LnfO{ a/f] (Borough) elgG5, h;sf] cy{ …gu/Ú x'G5 .

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t/sf/L jf cGg . kz'kfng jf kmnkm"n v]tL . cd]l/sfdf dlxnf ls;fgsf] ;+Vof pNn]Vo 5 . of] ;+Vof a9\bf] klg 5 .

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/]vb]v u/]sf v]tLx? (Farms) sf] ;+Vof # nfveGbf a9L 5 .

dlxnfx?sf] v]tL–ls;fgLdf a9L kz'kfng / t/sf/L v]tL

x'g] u/]sf] 5 . dlxnfx? ds} / e6df;h:tf u]8fu'8L klg pAhfpF5g\ .

;g\ @))@ af6 ;g\ @))& df cfOk'Ubf !( k|ltzt a9]sf] kfOPsf] s[lif;DaGwL u0fgfaf6 yfxf ePsf] s[lif dGqfno (U.S. Agriculture Department) n] hgfPsf] 5 . dlxnfx?n] d'n'ssf] !$ k|ltzt v]tLx? ;Dxfn]sf 5g\ .

dlxnfsf oL v]tL–ls;fgL ;fgf :t/sf 5g\ . t/ pgLx?n] w]/} vfnsf] pAhgL ug]{ / kz'kfng klg ljljw vfnsf] u/]sf 5g\ .

cd]l/sfsf %) /fHo / l8l:6«S6 ckm sf]nlDaof

(District of Columbia; DC) sf s"n # xhf/ ! ;o $! sfpG6L jf sfpG6L h:t} ;fgf PsfO o:tf 5g\M• # xhf/ & j6f sfpG6L .• cnf:sfdf !^ j6f a/f] .• /fHon] a/f] x'g\ eg]/ geg]sf cnf:sfsf ;fgf PsfO !! j6f .• n'lhofgfdf ^$ j6f kfl/; . • d]/LNofG8 (Maryland) df !, ldhf]/L (Missouri) df !, g]ef8f (Nevada) df ! / c? #( j6f elh{lgof (Virginia) df u/L s"n $@ j6f :jtGq zx/x? . • km]8/n l8l:6«S6 (Federal District) jf l8;LM ! .

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ylkG5 . To;a]nf @ ah]]nfO{ # ah] agfOG5 . gf]e]Da/sf] klxnf] cfOtaf/

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36fpg'k5{ . To;a]nf @ ah]–nfO{ ! ah] agfOG5 . Pl/hf]gf (Arizona) / xjfO{

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Gyan Jyoti Kendra, 49 Lane Road, Chichester, NH 03258, Email : aksharica.communication@gmail.com, Website : www.aksharica.com, Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Co-ordinator : Tara Acharya, Managing Director : Sattan Acharya

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• bar : uhjf/, tuf/f], tfnf], kftf, 5]saf/, 5]sf, af/, cfUnf], 58, nf7f], /f]s, jsLn ju{, sfg'gj]Qfx?sf] ;+:yf, cnUofpg', 5]Sg', /f]Sg', k:g glbg' . • bare : v'nf, a'Rrf], l/Qf], l/Qm, lge{if0f, gfªuf], k|s6 ug'{, vf]Ng', yfKg' .• bargain : qmo–ljqmo, lsga]r, ;f}bf, df]n ug'{, gfkmf ug'{, df]n 36fpg' . • bark : af]qmf, l5nsf, e'sfO, uf]nLsf] cfjfh, vf]sL, pSsfpg', bk{m¥ofpg', e'Sg', RoFflÝg', /Gsg', ems{g', em8lËg', s'ln{g' .• barn : vnf], af]6af6 cGgnfO{ 5'6\ofpg] 7fpF, k/fn cflb /fVg] 7fpF, s[lif–pTkfbgsf] yfGsf] nufpg'cl3 sfd ul/g] :yfg .• barrier : tuf/f], 5]sf, cf8 .

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of] ;b\efj pxfFn] k7fPsf] Od]n / xfdLn] lbg] k|To'Q/df ;lsGYof] .

ut dlxgfsf] …cIfl/sfÚn] Pp6f rf;f]sf] ljifodf Pp6f Od]naf6 k|fKt hfgsf/L 5fk]sf] lyof] . xfdLn] o;nfO{ …xfd|f] rf;f]Ú eGg] :tDe gfd lbPsf lyof}+ .

Pp6f rf;f] lyof] . 5flkof] . ;lsof] eGg] nfu]sf] lyof] . xf]Og /x]5 . of] kqsf sf/0f xfdLnfO{ yf]/} xf};nf ldNof] . xfdLn] kf7ssf Od]nx¿nfO{ lgoldt kqsf ¿kdf 5fKg] ;f]r agfof}+ . o; c+saf6 lgoldt u¥of}+ .

o;sf] cy{ ca tkfO{+nfO{ nfu]sf] s'g} rf;f]sf ljifodf yk Od]n n]Vg' x'g]5 eGg] cfzf a9]sf] 5 .

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gful/s k/LIff (Civic Test) sf] k':tsaf6 cd]l/sfsf] Oltxf;af/] Pp6f k|Zg / To;sf] pQ/ M!= o'/f]k]nLx¿ cfpg'cl3 cd]l/sfdf s;sf] a;f]af; lyof] < (Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived?)

- • cd]l/sg OlG8ogx? (American Indians)• /}yfg] cd]l/sLx? (Native Americans)

To;a]nf /}yfg] cd]l/sLx?sf] a;f]af; lyof] . /}yfg] cd]l/sLx? eGgfn] gfefxf] (Navajo), ;' (Sioux), r]/f]sL (Cherokee), O/f]Sjf]o (Iroquois) cflb a'lemG5 . o'/f]k]nL cfpFbf oLg} /}yfg]x? cd]l/sfsf :yfoL afl;Gbf lyP . o'/f]k]nLx?nfO{ /}yfg] cd]l/sLx?n] v]tLsf] dxÎj l;sfP .

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;s]g . /}yfg]x?n] w]/} o'/f]k]nL cfPsf] / k"jL{ efuaf6 klZrd–tkm{ a;fOF ;/]sf] dg k/fPgg\ . lgs} w]/} em8kx? ePkl5 gofF afl;Gbfn] /}yfg]x?nfO{ x/fP . /}yfg]x?s} e"dL sAhf u/] .

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• base : lk+w, tn, hu, cfwf/, k|d'v tÎj, e:d, lj1fgdf cDn -Pl;8_ ;“u ldn]/ nj0f -g'g cflb_ agfpg] d"n j:t', cfwf/ j:t', cfwf/ dfGg', cfwf/ ug'{, c8\g' .• baseball : a];an gfds v]n, o;df gf} v]nf8Lsf b'O{ ;d"x cfk;df k|lt:kwf{ u5{g\ .• based on : cfwfl/t .• basic : cfwf/e"t, d'ne"t .• basically : d'ntM, d'n ?kdf .• basis : cfwf/, hu .• basket : 8fnf], 8f]sf], 6f]s/L, k]6f/f], k]?ªuf], Kafªu, 8fnL, ;f]nL, y'Gr], y'G;], vk{g, sf]qmf], 9SsL, 5}6L, 8]nL .• bat : rd]/f], v]ndf k|of]u x'g] d'ª\u|f] -Aof6_ .• bath : g'xfO, g'xfpg', g'xfpg] sfd ug'{ . • bathroom : g'xfpg] sf]7f .

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cfO/x]sf] lyof] . xfn lsg /f]lsof] < dnfO{ yfxf ePg . s[kof klqsf k7fOlbg'x'G5 xf]nf eGg] cfzf 5 .

kz'klt Gof}kfg]gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf

-xfdLn] pxfFnfO{ klqsf k7fpg yfn]sf 5f}+ . – ;Dkfbs_

;Dkfbs Ho", dxÎjk"0f{ hfgsf/L

k7fpg'ePsf]df e'6lgh sDo'lg6L ckm ;fn]{6 (Bhuta-nese Community of Char-lotte) sf tkm{af6 wGojfb .

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;Dkfbs Ho", klqsf k7fPsf]df wGojfb .

d Xofl/;ju{ (Harrisburg) sf] g]kfnL sDo'lg6Ldfem klqsf afF9\5' .

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ci6«]lnofdf :s"n txsf] lzIff !@ sIff (Grade) df ;lsG5 . o;nfO{ af]lnrfnLdf s] –

!@ jf s] y|" 6\j]Ne (k through twelve) jf s] 6' 6\j]Ne (k to twelve) eGg] ul/G5 .

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