GROWTH HORMONE

KARTIKA PRAHASANTI

INTRODUCTION

The Effect of GH Pathway

Source : Cellular and Molecular Specificity of Pituitary Gland Physiology , American Physiological Society

Somatotroph axis regulation

The somatotroph axis as an example of anterior pituitary hormone regulation.

Somatotroph growth hormone (GH) synthesis and release is under hypothalamic control through stimulatory acting GH releasing hormone (GHRH) and inhibitory SMS.

GH stimulates IGF-I production in various target organs, predominantly in liver, skeletal muscle, and bone.

IGF-I downregulates through feedback inhibition the GH secretion by somatotrophs to keep the IGF-I level within the physiological range. Whether circulating IGF-I has a long-feedback influence (dotted lines) at hypothalamic level is still not clear.

The somatotroph GH release is regulated in addition by an intrapituitary ultrashort-feedback mechanism involving somatotroph IGF-I. The role of FS-cell derived IGF-I in the GH regulation is not yet clear.

The GH production is also under systemic stimulatory or inhibitory influence of a variety of other hormones (metabolic hormones, gender-dependent sex steroid hormones profiles, stress-induced glucococorticoids) and cytokines which are critically involved to adapt the somatotroph axis to altered physiological demands (e.g., during puberty) or physiopathological disturbances (e.g., infection/inflammation).

Growth Hormone breaks down fat and raises blood glucose level

Source : Growth hormone and metabolic syndrome, Nippon medical school

Source : Wikipedia

Pertumbuhan rata-rata untuk setiap jenis kelamin dalam populasi berbeda secara bermakna, di mana pria dewasa rata-rata lebih tinggi daripada wanita

dewasa. Selain itu, tinggi badan manusia juga berbeda menurut kelompok etnis.

Pertumbuhan tinggi badan biasanya berhenti ketika lempeng pertumbuhan (lempeng efifisis) di ujung

tulang menutup. Penutupan ini terjadi sekitar usia 16 tahun pada wanita atau 18 tahun pada pria. Tetapi, kadang-kadang pada sebagian orang, baru menutup

pada usia sekitar 20-21 tahun.

SUMBER : WIKIPEDIA

Thank you