gh raisoni mba 1st year class2
TRANSCRIPT
Unit 3: Introduction to Information Systems and MIS
First Answer this questions:
• What is Data ?• What is information and its
attributes ?• What is MIS ?
AgendaTPS,OAS,DSS,ESS,ISS
ISs (Information Systems)
But first what is :
System and Subsystem ?
System and Subsystem
Report Generator
Account Department
HR Department
Marketing Department
Production Department
Definition• System : A system is an array of component
that work together to achieve a common goal (or multiple ).
• Subsystem : A system consist of several
subsystem- component of larger system-with sub goals , all contributing to meeting the main goal.
Now what is Information System ?
• It consist of all the component that work together to process data and produce information.
• It consist of many systems with sub goals , all contributing to the organization’s main goal
Four Stages of Processing in IS
Component of Information System :
• Data• Hardware• Software• Telecommunication• People
Data It is a input the system takes
produce information.
Hardware• A computer and its peripheral
equipment : input , output and storage devices
Software• Sets of instructions that tell the computer How to : • take data in • process it • display information • store data and information
Telecommunication• Hardware and software that facilitate fast
transmission and reception of text , picture , sound and animation in the form of electronic data.
People • Information system professionals and
users.
Lets look at
TYPES of Information System/MIS
Overview
, OAS
TPS ( Transactional Processing System)
• Transaction processing is a style of computing that divides work into individual, indivisible operations, called transactions.
• A transaction processing system (TPS) is a software system, or software/hardware combination, that supports transaction processing .
• Ex. Purchasing Tickets , Withdrawing money cancel appointment.
Types of TPS• Online transaction processing
• Batch transaction processing
Online Transaction Processing(OLTP)
• It involves a direct connection between the operator and the TPS program.
• It provide immediate results• It used to process a single transaction at a time• Ex:
Batch Processing System• In this type transaction are grouped
together and processed as unit• Ex: Cheque processing system in bank
Features of TPS• Performance• Continuous availability• Data integrity• Ease of use• Modular growth
Performance• Fast performance with a rapid
response time is critical.
Continues Availability• The system must be available during the
time period when the users are entering transactions.
Data Integrity• Multiple users must be protected from
attempting to change the same piece of data at the same time.
• Ex: two operators cannot sell the same seat on an airplane
Ease of use• The system should be simple for them to
understand.
Modular growth• It should be possible to add, replace, or update
hardware and software components without shutting down the system.
OAS (Office automation System)• Information system developed to make office more
efficient called the office automation system (OAS).
• A variety of office automation systems are now applied to business and communication functions. Saving both time and money.
Types of functions • Electronic publishing• Electronic communication• Image processing• Office management.
Electronic Publishing• Electronic publishing systems include
word processing and desktop publishing.
Electronic Communication• Electronic communication systems
include electronic mail (), voice mail, facsimile (fax), and desktop video conferencing
e-mailvoice mail fax
Image Processing• Imaging systems convert text, drawings,
and photographs into digital form that can be stored in a computer system.
Office Management• These systems provide an electronic means of
organizing people, projects, and data.
Time for 5 min Break
Before going furthertell your decisions about :
Daily Weekly
Yearly Lifetime
DSS (Decision Support System)• Decision support systems (DSS) are interactive
software-based systems intended to help managers in decision-making.
• A decision support system helps in decision-making but does not necessarily give a decision itself.
Types of DSS• Status Inquiry System• Data Analysis System• Information Analysis System• Accounting System
Status Inquiry System• It helps in taking operational,
management level, or middle level management decisions
• For example daily schedules of jobs to machines or machines to operators.
Data Analysis System• It needs comparative analysis and makes
use of formula or an algorithm• For example cash flow analysis,
inventory analysis etc.
Information Analysis System• In this system data is analyzed and the
information report is generated. • For example, sales analysis, accounts
receivable systems, market analysis etc.
Accounting System• It keeps track of accounting and finance
related information.• For example, final account, accounts
receivables, accounts payables.
Attributes of a DSS• Adaptability and flexibility• High level of Interactivity• Efficiency and effectiveness• Complete control by decision-makers• Standalone, integrated, and Web-based
ESS/EIS (Executive Support System)
• These information are often external, unstructured and even uncertain.
• This information is intelligence based:– Market intelligence– Investment intelligence– Technology intelligence
Characteristics of the ESS
• Informational characteristics• User interface/orientation
characteristics• Managerial / executive characteristics
Informational characteristics• Flexibility and ease of use. • Provides the timely information with the
short response time and also with the quick retrieval.
• Produces the correct information.• Produces the relevant information.• Produces the validated information.
User interface/orientation characteristics
• Contains the user friendly interfaces • consisting of the graphic user.• Can be used from many places.• Offers secure reliable, confidential access along with the
access procedure.• Is very much customized.• Suites the management style of the individual
executives.
Managerial / executive characteristics
• Supports the over all vision, mission and the strategy.
• Sometimes helps to deal with the situations that have a high degree of risk.
• Is linked to the value added business processes.• Supports the need/ access for/ to the external
data/ databases.• Is very much result oriented in the nature.
Advantages of ESS• Easy for upper level executive to use• Enhance personal thinking and decision-making• Enhance organizational competitiveness in the
market place• Better reporting system• Time management• Increased communication capacity and quality
Difference between MIS,DSS &ESSDimension MIS DSS ESSFocus Information
processingAnalysis, decision Support
Status Access
Principal Use Control Planning, Organizing, staffing and control
Tracking and control
Treatment of Information
Information is provided to a diversified group of users who then manipulate it or summarizeit as needed
Information provided by the EIS/or MIS is used as an inputto the DSS
Filters and compresses the information, tracks critical data andinformation
Q & A
You can now answer this questions:
• What is ISs?• What is TPS?• What is OAS?• What is DSS?• What is ESS/EIS?• Difference between MIS,DSS&ESS?