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GHS around the world

Webinar 13 September 2012

Today’s Webinar - Aims

To provide details of the important new GHS-aligned

rules for worker safety announced by the US

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA);

To examine specific (physico-chemical) aspects of

testing requirements for GHS strategies to determine

classifications.

To view the perspective of a global company needing to

comply with GHS-aligned laws emerging in different

countries.

Q&A Session

If you have any unanswered

questions please submit them to

the Chemical Watch Forum,

after the webinar.

http://forum.chemicalwatch.com

Speakers

Michele Sullivan, Consultant, MRS Associates

Mike Weaver, Principal Specialist and

Daniel Baker, Safety Testing Specialist,

Chilworth Technology Limited

Peter Silverans, Team Leader Hazard

Communication, Huntsman

Moderator: Mamta Patel, Editorial Director,

Chemical Watch

©Michele Sullivan, Ph.D.

[email protected]

703-527-2596

GHS Around the

World

Aaaaaaaaaaaaa

GHS Purple Book

OSHA GHS/HCS 2012

Canada/WHMIS

Mexico

Disclaimer: The material contained in this presentation is intended solely for the

purpose of professional development and continuing education. This material is

believed to accurately represent current regulatory requirements and industry

standards for hazard communication. However, the accuracy or completeness of

this information cannot be guaranteed. Users are responsible for determining the

suitability and appropriateness of these materials for any particular application

HCS2012 ©Michele Sullivan, Ph.D.

2


OSHA GHS HCS 2012

• March 26, 2012 Federal Register

• The major change is the switch from performance-

oriented requirements to specified requirements.

• OSHA sought to maintain/enhance the protection

provided by the current rule – scope and application are mostly unchanged, maintaining practical

accommodations made by OSHA

– Not a new regulation; amends HCS 1994

• The HCS 2012 mostly maintains consistency with the

GHS as negotiated/adopted – mostly GHS Rev3 • OSHA has not indicated when it will address GHS Rev4

• Maintains the framework of the current HCS • Only changed provisions that need to be changed to align with GHS

• Only paragraphs that changed are published in the regulatory text in

the final rule

USA-EU ©Michele Sullivan, Ph.D.

3

Organization of OSHA HCS 2012

• HCS 2012 Regulatory Text

(a) Purpose

(b) Scope and Application

(c) Definitions

(d) Hazard Classification

(e) Written Hazard

Communication Program

(f) Labels and Other

Forms of Warning

(g) Safety Data Sheets

(h) Employee Information

and Training

(i) Trade Secrets

(j) Effective Dates

Appendices A-F

• Appendix A, Health Hazard Criteria

(Mandatory) (New) – GHS Rev 3 Part 3

• Appendix B, Physical Hazard Criteria

(Mandatory)(New) – GHS Rev 3 Part 2

• Appendix C, Allocation of Label

Elements (Mandatory) (New) – GHS Rev3: Chapter 1, Annex 3

• Pyrophoric Gas, Simple

Asphyxiant, Combustible Dust

• Appendix D, Safety Data Sheets

(Mandatory) (New) – GHS Rev 3 Table 1.5.2

• Appendix E, Definition of “Trade

Secret” (Mandatory)

• Appendix F, Guidance for Hazard

Classifications re: Carcinogenicity

(Non-Mandatory) (New) – GHS Rev 3 Part 3 Chapter 3.6

• IARC, NTP, OSHA additions


4

HCS 2012 Scope

• HCS 2012 applies to any chemical which is known to be

present in the workplace in such a manner that employees

may be exposed under normal conditions of use or in a

foreseeable emergency.

• Preempts any legislative or regulatory enactments of a

state, or political subdivision of a state, pertaining to this

subject, except pursuant to a Federally-approved state plan

(27 OSHA state plans)

• Does not preempt California Proposition 65, NJ RTK, etc.

• Practical accommodations for special situations,

laboratories, sealed containers

• Addresses interface with other federal laws, e.g.,

pesticides, consumer products, etc.

HCS 2012

Classification

USA-EU


6

HCS 2012 Hazard Building Blocks

• HCS 2012 includes all GHS Revision 3 physical &

health hazard classes

• HCS 2012 does not include the GHS environmental

hazards

• HCS 2012 does not include the below categories

– Acute Toxicity Category 5

– Skin corrosion/irritation Category 3

– Aspiration hazard Category 2

– Acute aquatic toxicity Category 1-3

– Chronic aquatic toxicity Category 1-4

– Hazardous to the Ozone Layer


7

Beyond GHS: HCS Non-GHS hazards

HCS 2012

• Hazard Not Otherwise Classified (HNOC)

– Non-GHS adverse physical/health effects

– Adverse effects covered under HCS 1994 and not in GHS

– Include in SDS section 2

– Not on labels

• OSHA defined hazards – Pyrophoric gases, combustible dust, simple asphyxiants

• Hazardous chemical means any chemical which is

classified as a physical hazard or a health hazard, a

simple asphyxiant, combustible dust, pyrophoric gas, or

Hazard Not Otherwise Classified.

HCS2012

8

HCS 2012 HNOC

• Hazard not otherwise classified (HNOC) means an adverse

physical or health effect identified through evaluation of

scientific evidence during the classification process that does

not meet the specified criteria for the physical and health

hazard classes addressed in this section.

• This does not extend coverage to adverse physical and

health effects for which there is a hazard class addressed in

this section, but the effect either falls below the cut-off

value/concentration limit of the hazard class or is under a

GHS hazard category that has not been adopted by OSHA

(e.g., acute toxicity Category 5).

• Hazards not otherwise classified do not have to be

addressed on containers but must be addressed in SDS

section 2


HCS 2012 OSHA Defined Hazards

Hazard Pyrophoric Gas Simple Asphyxiant Combustible Dust*

Definition a chemical in a gaseous state that will ignite spontaneously in air at a temperature of 130 degrees F (54.4 degrees C) or below.

a substance or mixture that displaces oxygen in the ambient atmosphere, and can thus cause oxygen deprivation in those who are exposed, leading to unconsciousness and death.

None

Pictogram

No pictogram No pictogram

Signal word Danger Warning Warning

Hazard statement

Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air

May displace oxygen and cause rapid suffocation

May form combustible dust concentrations in air

*The chemical manufacturer or importer shall label chemicals that are shipped in dust form, and present a combustible dust hazard in that form when used downstream, under paragraph (f)(1); 2) the chemical manufacturer or importer shipping chemicals that are in a form that is not yet a dust must provide a label to customers under paragraph (f)(4) if, under normal conditions of use, the chemicals are processed in a downstream workplace in such a way that they present a combustible dust hazard; and 3) the employer shall follow the workplace labeling requirements under paragraph (f)(6) where combustible dust hazards are present.


Physical hazards covered by HCS 2012

1. Explosives (HCS B2.1)

2. Flammable gases (HCS B2.2)

3. Flammable Aerosols (HCS B2.3)

4. Oxidizing gases (HCS B2.4)

5. Gases under pressure (HCS

B2.5)

6. Flammable liquids (HCS B2.6)

7. Flammable solids (HCS B2.7)

8. Self-reactive substances and

mixtures (HCS B2.8)

9. Pyrophoric liquids (HCS B2.9)

− Pyrophoric gases (HCS §(c))

10. Pyrophoric solids (HCS B2.10)

11. Self-heating substances and

mixtures (HCS B2.11)

12. Substances and mixtures

which, in contact with water,

emit flammable gases (HCS

B2.12)

13. Oxidizing liquids (HCS B2.13)

14. Oxidizing solids (HCS B2.14)

15. Organic peroxides (HCS B2.15)

16. Corrosive to metals (HCS

B2.16)

− Combustible dust (HCS C4.30)


HCS2012

11

Health hazards covered by HCS 2012

1. Acute toxicity (HCS 2012 A1.1)

2. Skin corrosion/irritation (HCS 2012 A1.2)

3. Serious eye damage/eye irritation (HCS 2012 A1.3)

4. Respiratory or skin sensitization (HCS 2012 A1.4)

5. Germ cell mutagenicity (HCS 2012 A1.5)

6. Carcinogenicity (HCS 2012 A1.6)

7. Reproductive toxicity (HCS 2012 A1.7)

8. Specific target organ toxicity- single exposure (HCS

2012 A1.8)

9. Specific target organ toxicity- repeated exposure (HCS

2012 A1.9)

10. Aspiration hazard (HCS 2012 A1.10)

• Simple asphixyiant (HCS 2012 (c))



12

OSHA HCS 2012: Carcinogenicity

• Chemical manufacturers, importers and employers evaluating

chemicals may treat the following sources as establishing that a

substance is a carcinogen or potential carcinogen for hazard

communication purposes in lieu of applying the GHS criteria:

– National Toxicology Program (NTP), “Report on Carcinogens” (latest

edition);

– International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) “Monographs on

the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans” (latest editions)

– Where cancer is included as a health hazard for a chemical covered by

29 CFR part 1910, Subpart Z, Toxic and Hazardous Substances, the

chemical shall be classified as a carcinogen.

• Where the weight of evidence for the carcinogenicity of a substance

does not meet the criteria, any positive study conducted in

accordance with established scientific principles, and which reports

statistically significant findings regarding the carcinogenic potential

of the substance, must be noted on the SDS.

OSHA

Mixture

Summary

HCS 1994

OSHA HCS 2012

Acute toxicity 1% ATE; 1 % Or < 1 % where relevant

Skin corrosion/ irritation 1% Calculation, cutoffs; 1 % Or < 1 % where relevant

Eye Damage/Irritation 1% Calculation, cutoffs; 1 % Or < 1 % where relevant

Skin sensitization Cat 1

1%

0.1%

Cat 1A 0.1%

Cat 1B 1.0%

Respiratory sensitization Cat 1

1%

0.1%

Cat 1A 0.1%

Cat 1B 1.0 % [ 0.2% for gases]

Mutagenicity: Cat 1

1% 0.1% Cat 1 = SDS/label

Category 2 1% Cat 2 = SDS/label

Carcinogenicity: Category 1

0.1%

0.1% Cat 1 = SDS/label

Category 2

0.1% 1% Cat 2 = SDS (optional label)

1% Cat 2 = SDS/label

Reproductive toxicity: Cat. 1 / Lactation

1%

0.1% Cat 1 = SDS/label

Category 2 0.1% Cat 2 = SDS/label

STOT: Category 1

1%

1% Cat 1 = Cat 1 SDS/label

Category 2 1% Cat 2 = Cat 2 SDS/label

Category 3 20% generally additive

Aspiration: Category 1

1% ≥ 10% of Cat 1’s and kinematic viscosity ≤ 20.5 mm2/s @ 40°C


HCS 2012 Labels

HCS 1994 (performance)

• containers of hazardous chemicals – Product identifier

– Signal word

– Hazard statement(s)

– Pictogram(s)

– Precautionary statement(s)

– Name, address, telephone number of

responsible party

– In some cases, • OSHA Defined Hazards

• × percent of the mixture consists of

ingredient(s) of unknown acute

toxicity

• Supplemental information

• 6 month updating of significant information

regarding hazards

• HNOC do not have to be addressed on

containers • No H/P statement numbers/codification

• containers of hazardous

chemicals

– Identity of hazardous

chemical(s)

– Appropriate hazard

warnings

– Name/address of

chemical manufacturer,

importer, or other

responsible party.

– (3 month updating -

stayed)

HCS 2012 (specified)

OSHA Labels on Shipped Containers

Specified


Label Variations


OSHA HCS 2012

Hazard statements (HS)

Additional label elements for OSHA defined hazards: combustible dust (label dusts vs solids), simple asphyxiants, pyrophoric gases

require the GHS HS text unless it can be demonstrated that all or part of the statement is inappropriate to a specific substance or mixture

Hazards not otherwise classified do not have to be addressed on containers Precautionary statements (PS)

require GHS PS text unless it can be demonstrated that the statement is inappropriate to a specific substance or mixture

PS may be combined or consolidated to save label space and improve readability.

For multiple hazards with similar PS, include the most stringent (usually preventive measures). An order of precedence may be imposed in situations for “response” phrases and rapid action concerns.

HS& PS Codification

No numbers/codification in HCS 2012

Label Format No label or pictogram size specifications; prominently displayed

No small package provisions

signal word, hazard statement(s), pictogram(s) located together Pictogram Precedence

If the skull and crossbones is included, the exclamation mark shall not appear where it is used for acute toxicity

Target organs No target organ limitations

Label Disclosure

Only product identifier required; ingredients classified as health hazards must be disclosed on SDS unless they are a trade secret.

HCS 2012 SDSs

Safety data sheets

HCS2012

18

OSHA HCS 2012: SDS

• HCS 2012 presents all 16 SDS Sections for

consistency and harmonization

– OSHA will not enforce information requirements in sections 12

through 15, as these areas are not under its jurisdiction

• HCS 2012 Appendix D indicates that a subheading

“within a section” needs to be marked when no

relevant information is available

• OSHA does not consider the subheading letters to be

mandatory, but the information each subheading

identifies is required to be included

• In section 2, GHS symbols may be a graphic or the

symbol name


SDS Variations


OSHA HCS 2012

Format Few proposed USA specific provisions

Basis GHS Table 1.5.2 Minimum information for an SDS

Lettered SDS subsections – not mandatory

Sections 12, 13, 14 and 15 non-mandatory

Label Elements Hazard symbols may be provided as graphical reproductions or the name of the symbol, e.g., flame, skull and crossbones.

Language The chemical manufacturer or importer preparing the SDS shall ensure that it is in English (although the employer may maintain copies in other languages as well).

OELs OSHA PELs, ACGIH TLVs and any other OELs used are required

Cancer If the hazardous chemical is listed in the NTP) or has been found to be a potential carcinogen in the IARC Monographs, or by OSHA.

Updating SDSs SDSs shall be updated within 3 months of becoming aware of any significant information regarding the hazards or ways to protect against the hazards

Provide an appropriate SDS with the initial shipment, and with the first shipment after SDS is updated

Trade secrets Trade secret provisions apply to composition percentages and specific chemical identity information of health hazards for hazardous substances and hazardous substances in mixtures

HCS 2012 Compliance dates


21

GHS HCS 2012 (j) Effective Dates

Effective Completion Date Requirement(s) Who

December 1, 2013 Train employees on the new label elements and safety data sheet (SDS) format.

Employers

June 1, 2015*

December 1, 2015

Compliance with all modified provisions of this final rule, except:

The Distributor shall not ship containers labeled by the chemical manufacturer or importer unless it is a GHS label

Chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors and employers

June 1, 2016 Update alternative workplace labeling and hazard communication program as necessary, and provide additional employee training for newly identified physical or health hazards. Includes the substance specific standard changes

Employers

Transition Period to the effective completion dates noted above

May comply with either 29 CFR 1910.1200 (the final standard), or the current standard, or both

Chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors, and employers

*This date coincides with the European Union implementation date for classification of mixtures.

HCS2012

22 22 22

OSHA GHS HCS 2012 References

OSHA GHS HCS Federal Register Notice 77:17574-17896 (2012, March 26).

http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-03-26/pdf/2012-4826.pdf

Side-by-side comparison of the current HCS to the Final Rule

http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/side-by-side.html

Appendix A: Health Hazard Criteria (Mandatory)

http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/appendix_a.pdf

Appendix B: Physical Hazard Criteria (Mandatory)

http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/hazcom-appendix-b.html

Appendix C: Allocation of Label Elements (Mandatory)

http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/hazcom-appendix-c.html

Appendix D: Safety Data Sheets (Mandatory)

http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/hazcom-appendix-d.html

Appendix F: Guidance for Hazard Classifications Regarding Carcinogenicity

http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/hazcom-appendix-f.html

29 CFR 1910.1200 HCS GHS Final Regulatory Text: http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/HCSFinalRegTxt.html


Canada/WHMIS GHS implementation


24

Canada /WHMIS GHS Implementation

• Regulatory Cooperation Council (RCC), the federal governments in

Canada and USA have agreed to • “… align and synchronize implementation of common classification

and labeling requirements for workplace hazardous chemicals within

the mandate of the OSHA and Health Canada (HC).”

• June 2012 Current Issues Committee meeting discussed HC

proposed amendments to Controlled Product Regulations (CPR) of

Hazardous Products Act (HPA) to implement GHS in WHMIS

1. Summary of Proposed Changes to the HPA

2. Summary of Proposed Changes to the CPR

3. Comparison of HC's proposals for implementation of the GHS

workplace chemicals with OSHA HCS 2012

4. Comparison of HC's current proposals and CIC recommendations

(June 2010) Disposition Table

• WHMIS may consider adopting HNOCs and the OSHA defined

hazards, pyrophoric gases, simple asphyxiants and combustible dusts


25

Canada /WHMIS GHS Implementation

• GHS implementation issues for follow up − WHMIS exclusions

− Hatched label border

− Ingredient Disclosure

− Environmental hazards

− HNOC

− Combustible dusts

− Biologically available

• Tentative dates for WHMIS/GHS – Proposed CPR regulations Gazette Part I - March 2013

– Final CPR regulations Gazette Part II - Jan 2014

– Implementation start date July 2015

– Then a transition period is likely

Mexico GHS implementation

bckgrnd ©Michele Sullivan, Ph.D.

27

Mexico GHS implementation

• MX Secretariat of Economy published in Federal Official Gazette

voluntary Mexican Standard NMX-R-019-SCFI-2011 adopting

GHS on a voluntary basis

• NMX-R-019-SCFI-2011 establishes – voluntary physical, health & environment hazard criteria

• 29 hazard classes in GHS revision 3 – Includes all GHS hazard classes/categories

– voluntary requirements for labeling and SDSs

• Mandatory requirements will be established in the compulsory

Mexican Official Standards to be issued later by the Public

Administration

• ANIQ (Associacion Nacional de la Industria Quimica) requested

authorization from the Labor Secretariat for an alternate procedure

to comply with NOM-018-STPS-2000 through NMX-019-SCFI-2011

(Granted on June 29, 2011)

Thank You

Michele R. Sullivan, Ph.D.

[email protected]

703-527-2596

The Global Experts in Explosion & Process Safety © 2012 DEKRA

GHS Physico/Chemical Properties

Presented by Mike Weaver, Principal Specialist with Chilworth Technology Ltd

Daniel Baker, Safety Testing Specialist with Chilworth Technology Ltd


Globally Harmonized System of Classification & Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)

• GHS Rev.4 consists of:

- Part 1 Introduction

» Purpose, Scope, Definitions etc

- Part 2 Physical Hazards

» Largest part consisting of 16 chapters for testing physical hazards

- Part 3 Health Hazards

» Consists of 10 chapters investigating Toxicity

- Part 4 Environmental Hazards

» Comprises of 2 chapters for Eco-Tox

- Annexes


OVERVIEW & COMPARISON OF TESTS

EC/67/548 GHS (Part 2 : Physical Hazards)

A.1. MELTING/FREEZING

A.2. BOILING TEMPERATURE

A.3. RELATIVE DENSITY

A.4. VAPOUR PRESSURE

A.5. SURFACE TENSION

A.6. WATER SOLUBILITY

A.8. PARTITION

A.9. FLASH-POINT

A.10. FLAMMABILITY (SOLIDS)

A.11. FLAMMABILITY (GASES)

A.12. FLAMMABILITY (CONTACT WITH WATER)

A.13. PYROPHORIC PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS

A.14. EXPLOSIVE PROPERTIES

A.15. AUTO-IGNITION TEMPERATURE (LIQUIDS AND GASES)

A.16. RELATIVE SELF-IGNITION TEMPERATURE FOR SOLIDS

A.17. OXIDISING PROPERTIES (SOLIDS)

A.18 – 20 POLYMER TESTING

A.21. OXIDISING PROPERTIES (LIQUIDS)

2.1 EXPLOSIVES

2.2 FLAMMABLE GASES

2.3 FLAMMABLE AEROSOLS

2.4 OXIDISING GASES

2.5 GASES UNDER PRESSURE

2.6 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS

2.7 FLAMMABLE SOLIDS

2.8 SELF-REACTIVE SUBSTANCES AND MIXTURES

2.9 PYROPHORIC LIQUIDS

2.10 PYROPHORIC SOLIDS

2.11 SELF-HEATING SUBSTANCES AND MIXTURES

2.12 SUBSTANCES AND MIXTURES WHICH, IN CONTACT WITH

WATER, EMIT FLAMMABLE GASES

2.13 OXIDISING LIQUIDS

2.14 OXIDISING SOLIDS

2.15 ORGANIC PEROXIDES

2.16 CORROSIVE TO METALS


CPL TESTING METHODOLOGY for EXPLOSIVES

• Under EC/67/548 (Test EC A.14) substances that could be explosive were evaluated by

conducting up to 3 different tests.

- Bam Fallhammer – to determine against impact sensitivity

- Bam Friction – to determine sensitivity to friction

- Koenen tube – to determine sensitivity to heating under confinement

• A substance is considered to have explosive properties where a positive result is

obtained in one or more of the tests.

• Desk top assessment for waiver statement possible but is only valid when the

assessment concludes, without doubt, no explosive properties exist.

- Desk top assessment based on chemical structure

- Decomposition energy is known to be < 500 J/g & the exothermic onset < 500°C


GHS TESTING METHODOLOGY for EXPLOSIVES

• GHS testing methodology follows the UN Recommendations on the transport of

dangerous goods, manual of tests and criteria.

• Criteria is far more complex; far beyond the yes/no result from EC A.14.

• Up to 16 individual tests may be required.

• UN Criteria is essentially determining:

- Explosibility according to UN Test Series 2

- Sensitiveness according to UN Test Series 3

- Thermal stability according to UN Test Series 3(c)

- Further testing to allocate correct division


FLOW CHART EXAMPLE

Substance for Classification

Test Series 1

Is it explosive? No

Not Class

1

Yes

Test Series 2

Is it too insensitive for inclusion into Class 1?

No

Yes

Test Series 3

Is the substance thermally stable?

No

REJECT

Sample not stable for

transport

Is the substance too dangerous for

transport in the form tested?

Yes

Yes

No Test Series 4

Is the article still

too dangerous?

Provisionally

Accepted; further

testing required

Encapsulated

and/or package

the substance

Yes

REJECT

Sample banned for

transport in package

tested


LABEL ELEMENTS for EXPLOSIVES under GHS

Unstable Explosive

Division 1.1 Division 1.2 Division 1.3 Division 1.4 Division 1.5 Division 1.6

GHS Pictogram

No GHS Pictogram

No GHS Pictogram

Signal Word Danger Danger Danger Danger Warning Danger No signal word

Hazard Statement

Unstable Explosive

Explosive; mass explosion

hazard

Explosive; severe

projection hazard

Explosive; fire, blast or

projection hazard

Fire or projection

hazard

May mass explode in fire

No hazard statement

UN Label No label

(transport not allowed)


FLAMMABLE AEROSOLS

NEW CATEGORY

Definition

Aerosols, this means aerosol dispensers, are any non-refillable receptacles

made of metal, glass or plastics and containing a gas compressed, liquefied or

dissolved under pressure, with or without a liquid, paste or powder, and fitted

with a release device allowing the contents to be ejected as solid or liquid

particles in suspension in a gas, as a foam, paste or powder or in a liquid state

or in a gaseous state.

Selection Criteria

Based on Heat of Combustion > 20 kJ/g

Flammable component > 1%

Note : If HoC is < 20 kJ/g and flammable component is ≤ 1% then

automatically Category 3 (no symbol)


For Aerosols

(a) ≥ 85% flammable components

(b) Heat of combustion ≥ 30kJ/g

For Spray Aerosols ≥ 20 kJ/g Ignition occurs at distance ≥ 75 cms

For Foam Aerosols

a) Flame height ≥ 20cm and duration ≥ 2 s

b) Flame height ≥ 4cm and duration ≥ 7s

FLAMMABLE AEROSOLS CATEGORY 1

CLASSIFICATION – EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE


FLAMMABLE AEROSOLS CATEGORY

2 CLASSIFICATION – FLAMMABLE

For Aerosols

(a) < 85% flammable components

(b) Heat of combustion 20 kJ/g - 30kJ/g

For Spray Aerosols – if HoC is < 20 kJ/g

Ignition occurs at distance ≥ 15 cms

If < 15 cms then enclosed space test

a) Time equivalent ≤ 300 s/m3 or

b) Deflagration density is ≤ 300 g/m3

For Foam Aerosols

a) Flame height ≥ 4cm and duration ≥ 2 s


FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS

Same test techniques but now with different criteria

Before GHS

Category Classification Flash-

point(°C) Boiling

Point (°C)

Extremely

Flammable R12 < 0 ≤ 35

Highly Flammable R11 ≥ 0 to ≤ 21

Flammable R10 > 21 to ≤ 55


FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS

For GHS

Category Hazard Statement Flash-point (°C)

Boiling

Point (°C)

1 Extremely

Flammable < 23 ≤ 35

2 Highly

Flammable < 23 > 35

3 Flammable ≥ 23 and ≤ 60

4 Combustible > 60 and ≤ 93


Temp. °C

Before GHS

GHS

93 Cat.4

60

Cat.3

55 R10

23

Cat.1

Cat.2

21

R11

0

R12

Boiling Point

≤ 35

> 35

≤ 35

> 35

FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS –

COMPARISON of CLASSIFICATION


SELF-IGNITION TEMPERATURE

• EC A.16 Relative Self-Ignition Temperature of Solids - 25mm3 Wire Mesh basket

- Ramped from Ambient to 400°C @ 0.5K/Min.

- Classification based on sample temperature reaching 400°C


SELF-HEATING SUBSTANCES

GHS Self-Heating Substances and Mixtures

- Based on test procedure in UN Manual of Tests & Criteria.

- Follows a stepwise approach to reach classification.

- Dangerous self-heating considered to be any sample temperature

rise > 60°C above the oven temperature.

Classification based on up to 4 separate tests comprising of:

• 100mm3 basket @ 140°C – Potential to be considered a self-heating substance?

• 25mm3 basket @ 140°C – Classified as Category 1?

• 100mm3 basket @ 120°C – Classified as Category 2 / Exempted on package size?

• 100mm3 basket @ 100°C – Classified as Category 2 / Not Classified?


CORROSIVE TO METALS

New Category

A substance or a mixture that is corrosive to metal under normal conditions is a

substance or a mixture liable to undergo an irreversible electrochemical reaction

with metals that leads to significant damage or, in some cases, even to full

destruction of the metallic components.

Test involves steel and aluminium samples in a saturated solution of the test

material for 28 days. Samples are placed;

• submerged in the liquid,

• at the liquid – vapour interface

• and in the vapour space.

Liquids and solids that may become liquids (during transport), have to be

considered for such a classification.

Test methods stated in the UN Manual of test and criteria


CORROSIVE TO METALS

Criteria for substances and mixtures corrosive to metals

Category Criteria

Corrosion rate on steel or aluminium surfaces exceeding 6.25 mm per year at

a test temperature of 55°C 1


CORROSIVE TO METALS

Table 1: Minimum mass loss of specimens after different exposure times (corresponding to the

criterion of 6.25 mm/year)

Exposure time Mass loss

7 days 13.5%

14 days 26.5%

21 days 39.2%

28 days 51.5%

Table 2 indicates the criteria leading to classification of the test substance as corrosive to metals for

standard metal specimens, according to time of exposure, for reasons of localised corrosion

process.

Table 2: Minimum intrusion depths after exposure times (corresponding to the criterion of localized

corrosion of 6.25 mm/year)

Exposure time Min. intrusion depth

7 days 120μm

14 days 240μm

21 days 360μm

28 days 480μm

It is not mentioned explicitly in the text that localised corrosion as well as uniform corrosion has also

be taken into account. However, localised corrosion, that is entirely part of test C.1 protocol, has

actually to be taken into account. In addition, although the type of corrosion is not reflected in the

classification result, this valuable information should be given in the SDS.


GHS Physical Hazards Summary

• Stage 1 – Establish Strategy:

- Define which parameters require investigation? - Review historical data – values, methods! - Identify if data meets your requirements. Is it fit for purpose? - Identify any holes in the data, is additional data required? - Ensure quality of data will be achieved. Essential for submissions!

• Stage 2 – Screening Tests & Exemptions

- Identify if screening methods can be used?

• Stage 3 – Agree Testing Strategy

- Identify the most cost effective & practical testing regime.

• Online versions of the UN Manual of Tests & Criteria as well as GHS are available at:

http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/manual/rev5/manrev5-files_e.html

http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/ghs/ghs_rev04/04files_e.html

Thank you!




http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/ghs/ghs_rev04/04files_e.html

How does GHS implementation compare around the world - an industry perspective

Peter Silverans

Aug 2012

Corporate

Outline

UN GHS Global context

In summary

Implementation Status

Requirements for destination country

GHS version

Building Block Approach (BBA)

Harmonized classifications and other National limiting factors

Summary of implications

Geographical or Regulation grouping?

Upcoming deadlines for implementations

Corporate

UN GHS Global Context

Corporate

UN GHS Global Context In summary

GHS is a globally recognized classification system

BUT implementation of GHS will vary from country to country

GHS introduces new hazard pictograms and labeling elements

Existing classification may change when GHS is introduced

Corporate

UN GHS Global Context Implementation status

preparation Implementation activities

Corporate


Corporate


GHS Version

Countries are implementing the GHS at different dates and therefore their base level can be a different version of the UN Purple Book

The UN version updates to GHS Recommendation bring each time changes to : definitions, classification rules, additions to hazard classes, label requirements, typo corrections,….

New Zealand : version 1 (2003)

Taiwan : revision 1 (2005)

EU, Japan, China : revision 2 (2007)

US, Australia : revision 3 (2009)

Brazil : revision 4 (2011)

Corporate

Requirements for destination country GHS version

Countries speed of upgrading their implementation to

follow new UN GHS Purple Book revisions differ

EU (2nd ATP) : revision 3 (2009) 30 March 2011

Applies to substances from 1 December 2012

and to mixtures from 1 June 2015

EU (4th ATP) : revision 4 (2011) under

discussion

Corporate

Requirements for destination country - BBA

Countries are implementing the GHS using BBA: Based

on…

Flammabl

e Gases

Flammabl

e & Non-

Flammabl

Flammabl

e Liquids

Skin

Corrosio

n /

STOT

(single

exposure

Haz. to

Ozone

Layer

Addit.

Class.

Cat.

- - - - - - - - - - - -

UN GHS

Rev?Cat 2 Cat A Cat B Cat 3 Cat 4 Cat 4 Cat 5 Cat 3 Cat 2A Cat 2B Cat 1A Cat 1B Cat 1A Cat 1B Cat 1A Cat 1B Cat 1A Cat 1B Cat 1A Cat 1B Cat 3 Cat 1 Cat 2 Cat 1 Cat 2 Cat 1 Cat 2 Cat 3 Cat 1 Cat 2 Cat 3 Cat 4 Cat 1

New

Zealand

Version 1

(revision

0)

Y N N N Y Y Y Y C C C C C C C C C C C C N N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N S

Taiwan

(CLA)Rev 1 Y N N N Y Y Y Y Y Y C C C C Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N N N N N N N N

Taiwan

(EPA)Rev 1 Y N N N Y Y Y Y Y Y C C C C Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N

Japan Rev 2 Y N N N Y Y N N Y Y C C C C Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N

China Rev 2 Y N N N Y

Y,

different

threshold

Y Y Y Y C C C C Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N S

United

States of

America -

OSHA

Rev 3 Y N N N Y Y N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N V V V V V V V V S

European

Union

(EU) and

European

Economic

Area

(EEA)

Rev 3 Y N N N N Y N N C C Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y N N Y Y Y Y Y S

Australia Rev 3 N N N N N Y N N C C Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N V V V V V V V N S

Legend Y

C

N

V

S

Acute Toxicity: Oral,

Skin, Inhalation

Serious Eye

Damage / Eye

Irritation

Germ Cell

MutagenicityCarcinogenicity

Reproductive

Toxicity

Special

Not known

Adopted

Combined adoption

Not adopted

Not mandatory

Aquatic Toxicity (Acute) Aquatic Toxicity (Chronic)STOT (repeated

exposure)Aspiration Hazard

Respiratory

SensitizationSkin Sensitization

Chemically Unstable

Gas

Corporate

Requirements for destination country BBA

The BBA allows :

Accommodation of sector specific needs

Gives flexibility to the system

Different options :

For : Necessary for GHS implementation

Against : “Flexibility” may lead to “lack of harmonization”

What does the GHS say ?

Use of the same set of categories at worldwide level for a given sector

(GHS Chapter 1.1, nota 2 to para.1.1.3.1.5.4)

What if the BBA was not allowed ?

All sectors would have to implement the same categories for the same

hazard, e.g.

Acute toxicity Cat. 5 implemented in transport / workplace

Aquatic Acute toxicity Cat. 2 and 3 implemented in transport

Corporate

Requirements for destination country Harmonized classifications and other

National limiting factors

Lists of harmonized classifications

Same chemical appears on multiple “harmonized” classification lists

Not always based on (most recent) science

Copies from trading partner lists

REACH data

Long and complex update processes

Classification “translation” tools, e.g.

CLP fundamental differences between the historic DSD Annex I translation

to Annex VI entries

Loss of specific mixture classification trigger limits

Older entries not in line with GHS criteria

National interpretations of data and / or test protocols

Omission of important words in legal texts, e.g.. S(systemic)TOT

Additions of national downstream regulation labeling and SDS requirements

Corporate

Requirements for destination country Summary of implications of GHS

Base level UN GHS version

Speed of implementation and phase-in periods of higher UN GHS versions

BBA : not all GHS cats implemented / additional non-GHS categories added

Lists of “harmonized” classifications

Classification “translation” tools

Own interpretations of data and / or test protocols

Omission of important words in legal texts

Additions of national downstream regulation labeling and SDS requirements

It results in chemicals being classified differently in National GHS systems

even though the same set of property data is used

Corporate

Geographical or Regulation grouping?

Typically companies have organized their SDS and label formatting

geographically, one can consider a SDS and label grouping based on

Regulation, i.e. :

Hazard categories implemented

National specific harmonized classification lists

National specific SDS / HZL requirements

Reduction of number of SDS and label formats to be maintained /

validated

Consider further language grouping within a Regulation group taking into

account supply planning / forecasts

Maximum benefits for labeling to stock

No “one label worldwide” but as close as one can get today

Ensure reviewing Regulation groupings when further countries

implement GHS or update their national legislation to a higher version of

GHS

Corporate

Upcoming deadlines for implementations

2012 ? : South Africa substances

1 Dec 2012 : EU (EEA) substances 2nd

ATP CLP

1 Dec 2012 : Switzerland substances

31 Dec 2012 : Uruguay substances

31 Dec 2012 : Malaysia substances

End 2012 : Singapore substance users

11 Mar 2013 : Thailand substances

Mid 2013 : Indonesia substance

manufacturers

30 Jun 2013 : South Korea mixtures

31 Dec 2013 : Taiwan substances and

mixtures Phase 3 list

End 2013 : Indonesia substance users

2013 ? : Russian Federation

1 Jan 2014 : Turkey substances

30 Mar 2014 : Vietnam substances

31 Dec 2014 : Malaysia mixtures

1 Jun 2015 : EU (EEA) mixtures

1 Jun 2015 : Switzerland mixtures

1 Jun 2015 : Serbia mixtures

1 Jun 2015 : Turkey mixtures

1 Jun 2015 : Singapore mixtures

Jun 2015 : Brazil mixtures

Jun 2015 : US substances and mixtures

End 2015 : Indonesia mixtures

2016 ? : South Africa mixtures

30 Mar 2016 : Vietnam mixtures

31 Dec 2016 : Australia substance and mixtures

31 Dec 2016 : Taiwan substances and mixtures Phase 4 list

11 Mar 2017 : Thailand mixtures

31 Dec 2017 : Uruguay mixtures

Corporate

Questions ?

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Q&A Session

If you have any unanswered

questions please submit them to

the Chemical Watch Forum,

after the webinar.

http://forum.chemicalwatch.com

Thank you for attending

A recording of this presentation with

slides will be available shortly. Please

contact Lorna Madeley if you have any

questions: [email protected]

Latest developments in China

Webinar, 26 September 2012

See: www.chemicalwatch.com/events_webinars

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