gi 2016 fall
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July 2015• Kentwood MI• All I know is there were some
gaps in the scaffolding… And they had went out to buy some plywood but they didn’t buy enough… So I’m not even sure why he was up there, quite frankly,” said Rickert.
January 2015
• West Palm Beach FL• Divers found the
lifeless body of Hermino Padilla Jr. lodged inside a pipe after he fell through a metal grate into a sewage tank
October 2014• Tennessee• An employee at Erwin Resin
Solutions died after he fell approximately 25 feet into a hole at the facility
• Gary Reedy, 51, died after the fall. He was also exposed to radioactive material, but we were told that it was not what caused his death.
June 2014
• Tavares Williams fell Tuesday about 18 feet from the top of a scissor lift, also known as a "manlift."
Mar 2014• The fall was approximately 20
feet and the man landed on concrete in a 20-by-3-foot ventilation shaft, officials said.
• “He stepped on the grate, it gave way, and he fell into the window well,” Deputy Deerfield Police Chief Tom Keane said.
October 2014
• Sixteen people watching an outdoor pop concert in South Korea fell 20 meters to their deaths Friday when a ventilation grate they were standing on collapsed, officials said.
March 2014• Liftpods are going
everywhere
Dec 2013
• MD• A man working in the
garage level of a row of town houses under slipped on a small patch of ice, fell and struck his head and died.
Fall Protection Most Cited
• Open-sided floor no guard rail
• Stairs – no rails• Unguarded floor
hole• Not having stairs
where daily access is required
• No guardrails for falls into dangerous machinery
• Stairs over 44 inches – no rails on both side
• Aisles not kept clear
• No covers for open pits etc.
• Ladderway Floor opening not guarded
• Open floor hole not attended when cover removed
OSHA Fatalities• 1000+ Roof Falls in 10 years• 1000+ Ladder Falls in 10 years• Event Date: 01/27/2009 • On January 27, 2009, Gerald Holland was walking across
an aircraft hanger to exit the building for lunch. • Ice and sleet had been blowing through gaps in the hanger
doors, creating slippery conditions on the adjacent floor.• Gerald slipped and fell, striking his head on the concrete
floor. He was hospitalized for severe head trauma and later died.
Roof Fall into Acid
• May 7, 2012• Martin Davis, 44• Clifton, N.J.• Fell through the roof
Plunged 40 feet into a tank of nitric acid.
• He suffered burns from head to foot
• Coworker jumped in acid to rescue him.
Co-worker jumped in the tank and pulled him out. He was rinsed off in the emergency shower.
ASSE 2010
• Work Comp from PA Insurance• ~4000 companies studied• 200 Companies had 210 single losses over
$250,000• 21% were same surface falls (ice, slipping)• 17% were ergo from non routine lifting
Cost of Fatal Injuries
• JP Leigh – 2011 Findings: • The number of work related fatalities in
2007 was estimated to be more than 5,600 at a cost of $6 billion or
• For 2007, work related nonfatal injuries totaled 8,559,000, at a cost of $186 billion.
Worker Comp 2012
• Per Liberty Mutual Research Institute March 2012
• Worker comp at 12 year low. • Falls on same level $7.94 billion 34.2%
increase in 12 years• Falls to lower level $5.35 billion 10.2%
increase in 12 years
Region 5 is seeing more non construction falls than construction falls.
Ladders27%
Roofs 21%
Same Surface 20%
Othe Elevaton17%
Elevated Platform15%
Top Fall Sources Region V 2010-2014
Ladders Roofs Same Surface Othe Elevaton Elevated Platform Nonmoving Vehicle
Skylights and scaffolds not in top five now.
A Company 2014• A contractor was hired to
review all potential fall hazards at the site.
• In response to this review, the site has installed fall protection on the roof to protect HVAC, and other contract employees, from falls.
• Guardrails were installed at edges and designated walkways to the HVAC units were delineated.
• Guardrails were also installed around skylights.
Guardrails or fall protection required at 4 feetGuardrails must be at least 200 pounds strength
Fall Protection
• What is the exposures to falls?
• Who will manage fall exposures?
• Is rescue in your plan?
What is Fall Protection?
• Fall protection protects workers from fall hazards.
• Fall protection doesn’t mean bulky or cumbersome equipment.
• It doesn’t interfere with work tasks and it doesn’t get in the way of coworkers – when used properly
• Fall Protection needs to be managed at your facility.
Safety Program
• Identify where falls can occur to your workers
• Develop written fall protection procedures including equipment to be used
• Investigate accidents and near misses
Training
Train workers:- When to use fall arrest- How to wear fall arrest- Inspection and selection of
anchorages, lanyards, and harnesses
- Document training, who, when, content
Enforcement
• If people are not wearing the fall arrest, what is the consequence?
Inspections
• Conduct periodic inspections
• Is fall arrest is worn? • Is fall protection is
place?• Take pictures of
people doing it right
Job Hazard Analysis
• National Tire Shop• What potential hazard
would be caught with a JHA?
Hierarchy of Fall Protection
• Elimination – such as Cameras to monitor work
• Passive Fall Protection – Guardrails, Covers
• Travel Fall Restraint• Fall Arrest• Administrative Control –
such as climber trainingCameras used to monitor locations.
Fall Arrest
• Personal fall arrest system means a system used to arrest an employee in a fall from a working level.
Free fall of 30 inches needs fall arrest not positioning
Fall Arrest
• Fall Arrest should be accessible for the forklift operators if working at heights.
Fall Arrest Components
• Definition• Body Harness• Energy Absorbing
Lanyard• Anchorage
Fall Arrest
• Harness are required for fall arrests
• Belts are only for work positioning
• Maximum Fall Arrest Force should be 1800 lbs for a harness.
Work Positioning• Positioning device
system means a body belt or body harness system rigged to allow an employee to be supported on an elevated vertical surface, such as a wall, and work with both hands free while leaning.
• Work Positioning free fall cannot exceed 24 inches
• Belts max fall arrest force is 900 lbs.
Lanyards
• Use energy absorbing lanyards or retractable lanyards.
• Check for ANSI Z359.1 or OSHA 1926.502 marking
• Calculate free fall distance
Harness
• Labeled meeting ANZI Z359 or OSHA 1926.502
• Use D-ring in back
This lanyard is not an energy absorbing lanyard. This is a chest waist harness for work positioning. Not designed for fall arrest.
Anchorages
• A secure point of attachment for lifelines, lanyards or deceleration devices
• 5000 lbs or 2:1 Safety factor is calculated by a qualified person.
• Anchorages may weaken over time due to weather or environment
Travel Restraint
• 1000 lb anchorage• Cannot free fall to
lower level• ANSI Standard Z359
Forklift Platforms
• Platform slides off• Improper rails• Pushes worker into
fixes object• Pallet unacceptable• Scissors point on
many carriages• Platform construction
Roof Falls
• Guardrails can be mounted to the roof to prevent falls while working on equipment.
Roof Safe Distance• A warning line is used 15 feet
or more from the edge;• The warning line meets or
exceeds the requirements in §1926.502(f)(2);
• No work or work-related activity is to take place in the area between the warning line and the edge;
• The employer effectively implements a work rule prohibiting the employees from going past the warning line.
https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=INTERPRETATIONS&p_id=24682
Roofs
• Shoveling snow presents a serious slipping and fall hazard.
Parapet Fall Protection
• Several types are available.
Roof Hatch
• Propped open is a fall hazard
Skylights
• Skylights need to be covered with a barrier if employees are allowed onto the roof.
Skylights
Extension Ladder
• 4:1 Pitch• 3’ extension above
landing• No defects• Not near electrical 10
Feet• Secured from slipping
Ladder is too short
The Ladder Pitch• 1926.1053(b)(5)(i) Non-self-
supporting ladders shall be used at an angle such that the horizontal distance from the top support to the foot of the ladder is approximately one-quarter of the working length of the ladder (the distance along the ladder between the foot and the top
support).
Ladder Securement• Portable ladders must be
secured against movement while in use.
• There are many commercial products that will help.
• 1926.1053(b)(1)
Step Ladders
• Used on stable surface• Not used as a
extension ladder• Inspected for defects
What’s wrong here?
Ladders on Machinery
• Can ladder be dislodged?
• Is scaffold feasible?• What other hazards?
Fixed Ladder
• Fixed ladders will need fall arrest above 20 feet in length.
• 2003 fatal climbing a 40 foot fixed ladder w/o fall arrest in Morris, IL
Ladder Stands
• Inspect for stability and no broken welds.
• Use as work platform vs. a step ladder.
• Does the ladder stand move when on it?
Confined Space• Many ladder falls are due
to environment causing the person to fall.
• Any underground structure could have a lack of oxygen.
• Test the air!!!• Follow 1910.146 for
confined spaced. • Plan for Rescue!
Slips Hazards
• Water should be cleaned up as soon as possible.
Slips Hazards
• Placing absorbent material is only a temporary measure
May 2014
Housekeeping
• Ice will cause slips and forklift accidents. Area should be marked off to prevent entry.
Trip Hazards
Extensible Boom Aerial Lifts
• Wear fall arrest• Must have smooth
surface to operate• Many flip on unstable
ground or from hitting holes, pallets
• Train operator• 8 Hour PALS card
No fall arrest worn
Scissor Lifts
• Workers must be trained (8 hour PALS card)
• Full guardrails needed• Inspect area for holes
that could flip the lift• Ensure proper lighting• Know wind limitations
Training• Hands on training is
necessary. An aerial lift is not a car.
• The worker should be able to demonstrate all predicted uses of the lift and compliance with manufacturers instructions.
• Always close lift platform chains or door. (This is always required).
• Many fatal falls are under six feet.
Inspections• These controls are worn
and functional labels are not apparent.
• This is a violation. • The ANSI standards or
small operating manual should be on the lift.
• ANSI A92 Series requires a complete annual inspection of the lift.
Blink – What strikes you as wrong?
A92.6 scissor lift
Liftpods
Liftpods
• Safer than a ladder. • One Person• 19-40 feet depending
on model
Vehicles and Rails
Stairs
• Guardrails on side with both top and mid-rails at 4 risers
• Handrails• Evenly spaced threads• Foot clearance• Required if climbing
daily via ladder Material stored on stairs is unsafe
Oct 2015
Scaffold Access
• Stairs are recommended
• Scaffold access ladders must be secured
Floor Holes• Guardrails• Covers• Able to handle
twice anticipated load.
• Secured• Marked with
“hole” or “cover”.
Floor Openings
• Issues?• Solutions?
Floor Openings
Metal Grating• Must be secured with
clips• Guardrails provided
on both sides.• Do not leave
unattended if grating is removed
• Inspect for damage or rusting
Zip Lines
• Anchorages must be checked to ensure it will hold a person
• 2003 death in Lisle when positioning hook came disconnected from the anchorage point causing a fall of approximately 25 feet.
Mezzanines
• Guard rail protection.
• Load Rating
Quick Quiz• Anchorages must be _____ lbs.• Fall arrest forces for harnessing shall not exceed
_____ lbs.• What is the best in the hierarchy of fall protection?
_____________• Covers must hold _____ times the anticipated
load.• Free fall over ____ inches is not allowed in work
positioning.