glazing overheads

7/27/2019 Glazing Overheads

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Education of Architects in Solar Energy and Environment

E A

S E

Advanced Glazing

Karsten Voss, Werner Platzer - Fraunhofer ISE

Paul Robinson, Oxford Brooks University


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E A

S E

Glass Technology

Windows Technology

Solar Gain Control Daylighting

Further Options


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E A

S E

Glass Technology


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E A

S E

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

0.2 1 100.5 2 5 5020

Solar and Ambient Radiation

wavelength in um

spectralirradianceinW/mum

Spectralradian

ceinW/mum

global irradiance

eye sensitivity

thermal radiation 0C

thermal radiation 50C

Source: Fraunhofer ISE


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E A

S E

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

10.3 0.5 2

low-iron glass

standard glass

green glass

Basic Glass Types

wavelength in um

transm

ittance

spectral

transmittance

of basic glass

types



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E A

S E

Coating Technology

sputter cathodes

vacuum chamber

sputter plasma unheated glass

Sputter deposition

aerosol spray nozzle

heated glass

Spray pyrolysis

Sputter Deposition Soft Coatings

Spray Pyrolysis Hard Coatings



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E A

S E

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0.2

transmittance/reflectance

1 10

R/T solar controlR/T solar gain

wavelength [nm]

2 5050.5

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

transmittance/reflectance

0.2 1 10

T

wavelength [m]

R

2 5 20 500.5

Coating Properties

Soft Coating (example: silver based)

Hard Coating (example: tin oxide based)

R- reflectanceT - transmittance



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E A

S E

Heat Transport

edge seal

conduction

glass

thermal

radiation

selective

coating

naturalconvection

wind

f ram



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E A

S E

0

1

2

3

4

5

0 10 20 30 40 50

Air

Argon

Kryptonminimum-positions

Gas Fillings

gap width in mm

heat transfer coefficient in W/mK

Example: double glazing

optimum gap width

for different gas fillings



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E A

S E

Spacer

glass

spacer

primary sealant

secondary sealan t

heat flow contour

aluminium spacer

heat flow contour

foam spacer

standard sealing

technology

!



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E A

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0

20

40

60

80

100

0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3

U-value in W/mK

g-value in %

double glazing

low-e glazing, 2-panes

low-e gazing, 3-panes

sun protection glass, colour neutral

Glazing Energy Balance


trend


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E A

S E

total energy transmittance in %

light transmittance in %Selectivity

0

20

40

60

80

100

0 20 40 60 80 10

double glazing

low-e glazing, 2-panes

low-e gazing, 3-panes

sun protection glass, colour neutral


advancedglazing


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E A

S E

Windows



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E A

S E

Window Frame Systems:

standard design

timber frame aluminium frame plastic frame



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E A

S E


low heat loss design

polyurethan

timber

- 10C 20C

insulated

timber frame,

triple glazing,

U= 0,5 W/mK

Source: eurotec

isothermalcontour


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E A

S E


low heat loss design

Highly insulated

aluminium frame,

double glazing

with plastic films

U = 0,6 W/mK

Source: Geilinger


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E A

S E

Solar Gain Control


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E A

S E

Solar Gain Control: Glazing Integrated Blinds

Product variants coated plastic films with

smooth or structures surfaces

venetian blinds, moveable louvers, rotateable

+

mechanical protection increased solar gain control

compared to internal blinds

-

decreased solar gain control

compared to external blinds


Example: Hunter Douglas Luxaclair


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E A

S E

temperature in C

transmittance in %

solar

visual

100

80

60

40

20

0

20 30 40 50 60

Switchable Glazing Technology, passive

thermotropic

materials

status 2000:

prototypes

glass

polymer

blend

20

60 C

glass



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E A

S E

Switchable Glazing Technology, active

status 2000:

glass

3WO

electrolyt

ion storage

+

-

+ +

transparent electrode

coloured

glass

WO

catalyst

3

0,5 mm

- H

- O (air)

2

2 clear

electrochromic gasochromic

initial applications prototyps



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E A

S E

Switchable Glazing Technology, active

Pilkington EControl Interpane IpaControl

Stadtsparkasse Dresden prototyp sample


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E A

S E

Transparent Sun Protection

with Glass Louvers

+

visual ambient contact light guiding effect

-

reflective appearance

only moderate

solar gain control

high cost



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E A

S E

Daylighting


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E A

S E

Light Directing Glazing: Mirror Optics

Source: Okalux

example: OkaSolarmirror profiles

internal

glass

external

glass sun altitude 25

sun altitude 60


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E A

S E

Light Directing Glazing: Total Reflection


Abstandshalter

Luftschlitze (Kavernen)

Abdichtung

PMMA - Inlett

Glas auen

4 mm 8 mm

Glas innen

28 mm

5,5mm

sealing

spacer

air cavities

acrylic inlet

glass, external

glass, internal

example: Inglas Y


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E A

S E

Light Directing Glazing: Total Reflection

internal glass with

structured surface

acrylic profiles

external glass

example: Vegla Lumitop

Source: ILB, Kln


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E A

S E

Transparent Insulation:

Daylighting

capillary structure daylight wall building example

production hall, Salzgitter, Germany



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E A

S E

Further Options


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E A

S E

Transparent Insulation:

Solar Wall Heating

capillary structure TI glazing building example

apartment building,

Gundelfingen, Germany



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E A

S E

PV Glazing

solar control combinedwith electric energy yield


art museum ZKM , Karlsruhe, Germany

glazing overheads

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