global: 5/2/2014 i/o: thematic essays; the middle east: the palestinian/israeli conflict i/o:...

Global: 5/2/2014Global: 5/2/2014 I/O: Thematic Essays; The Middle East: The I/O: Thematic Essays; The Middle East: The

Palestinian/Israeli ConflictPalestinian/Israeli Conflict Key Question(s):what were the root causes Key Question(s):what were the root causes

of the conflict between the Palestinian and of the conflict between the Palestinian and the Israelis? the Israelis?

Key Words: Palestine; Israel; PLO; Intifada; Key Words: Palestine; Israel; PLO; Intifada; CCSCCS: 2;5: 2;5

Homework: essay #2: Sixth Marking Period: Homework: essay #2: Sixth Marking Period: Imperialism; Nationalism: Due Tuesday. Imperialism; Nationalism: Due Tuesday.

Saturday: 9:00 – 11:00: Put in an hour = Two Saturday: 9:00 – 11:00: Put in an hour = Two late assignments. Put in Two = Four. late assignments. Put in Two = Four. You cannot You cannot be late. be late.

Palestinian-Israeli Palestinian-Israeli ConflictConflict

Background Palestine (M.E.) Background Palestine (M.E.) Birthplace of Judaism, Christianity, Birthplace of Judaism, Christianity,

& many Islamic holy sites& many Islamic holy sites Who controlled Palestine?Who controlled Palestine? Since WWI, GR received mandate to Since WWI, GR received mandate to

control Pal.control Pal.

Conflict in IsraelConflict in Israel

Size of Israel Size of Israel


Background: Background: Jews exiled by Romans in 70 AD.Jews exiled by Romans in 70 AD. Diaspora -Diaspora - spread Jews to all corners of spread Jews to all corners of

Europe & M.E. Europe & M.E. Jews saw Palestine as their religious Jews saw Palestine as their religious ““homelandhomeland””

However … However … Since 600 AD, Arab Muslims were Since 600 AD, Arab Muslims were

majority in Palestinemajority in Palestine


ZionismZionism: : nationalist nationalist movement for Jews to movement for Jews to return back to Palestine return back to Palestine & create homeland & create homeland Theodore Herzl Theodore Herzl

Balfour Declaration Balfour Declaration 19171917: :

BR govBR gov’’t gave support t gave support for permanent Jewish for permanent Jewish state in Palestinestate in Palestine

GB had also made GB had also made conflicting promises to conflicting promises to Arabs to support Arab Arabs to support Arab statestate


1880-1939:1880-1939: Jews flock to Palestine in waves Jews flock to Palestine in waves Conflict grew between Jewish migrants & Conflict grew between Jewish migrants &

Arabs Arabs GB is caught in GB is caught in ““tough spottough spot”” WWII & Holocaust (1939-1945): WWII & Holocaust (1939-1945): Millions of Jews migrate to PalestineMillions of Jews migrate to Palestine Holocaust – what to do with DPs? Holocaust – what to do with DPs? 19471947: U.N. partitions Palestine into 2 : U.N. partitions Palestine into 2

separate statesseparate states One for Jews = One for Jews = Israel Israel One for Arab Muslims = One for Arab Muslims = PalestinePalestine


Israeli War of Independence Israeli War of Independence 1948:1948:

Arab states of M.E. unite to crush Arab states of M.E. unite to crush Israel Israel

Israel wins, took 80% of Palestine & Israel wins, took 80% of Palestine & JordanJordan


Over 700,000 Pal. Refugees absorbed within Over 700,000 Pal. Refugees absorbed within IsraelIsrael

Over 600,000 Pal. Flee or are forced to leave Over 600,000 Pal. Flee or are forced to leave Ethnic cleansing or war crimes?Ethnic cleansing or war crimes? Palestinian Liberation OrganizationPalestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) (PLO)

created by refugee Palestinians in 1964 created by refugee Palestinians in 1964 Objective … Objective … 1. Destroy Israel 1. Destroy Israel 2. Create independent Palestinian state2. Create independent Palestinian state

Palestinian Refugees Palestinian Refugees


1987: 1987: Yasser ArafatYasser Arafat & PLO declared an & PLO declared an intifada intifada or uprising or uprising on Israel.on Israel.

Young Palestinians Young Palestinians & Israeli soldiers & Israeli soldiers clash clash

Suicide bombings by Suicide bombings by Palestinians Palestinians

Retaliation by Israel Retaliation by Israel

Gaza Strip Gaza Strip Palestinian territoryPalestinian territory 25 miles long x 4-7 25 miles long x 4-7

miles wide miles wide 1.4 million people live 1.4 million people live

therethere Israel claims militants Israel claims militants

fire rockets into Israelfire rockets into Israel Pal. Militants hide Pal. Militants hide

within civilian within civilian population population

Israel supplies region Israel supplies region & shuts off power etc. & shuts off power etc.

MAJOR ISSUES!! MAJOR ISSUES!!

Gaza is frequently targeted Gaza is frequently targeted by Israeli security forces. by Israeli security forces.

Tanks & jets patrolTanks & jets patrol

However, Palestinian However, Palestinian militants use suicide militants use suicide

attacks to inflict damage attacks to inflict damage tootoo

Timeline of hostilities in Timeline of hostilities in IsraelIsrael

Israel wins more land, but has more Israel wins more land, but has more refugees between 1960s-1970refugees between 1960s-1970’’ss

Six-Day War 1967:Six-Day War 1967: Israel defeats Egypt. Israel defeats Egypt. 1973 Yom Kippur War1973 Yom Kippur War: Egypt & Syria : Egypt & Syria

defeated againdefeated again Peace with Egypt 1979Peace with Egypt 1979 Camp David AccordsCamp David Accords: : Pres. Jimmy Pres. Jimmy

Carter negotiated peace betweenCarter negotiated peace between Egypt Egypt & Israel & Israel

Menachem Begin, Jimmy Carter, Menachem Begin, Jimmy Carter, Anwar Al Sadat after Camp David Anwar Al Sadat after Camp David

AccordsAccords


1993 Oslo Accords1993 Oslo Accords – – 11stst face to face agreement between face to face agreement between

Israel & Palestine EVERIsrael & Palestine EVER Israel recognized Pal. GovIsrael recognized Pal. Gov’’t t Formed blueprint for Pal. State, but Formed blueprint for Pal. State, but

violence continued violence continued Both claim the other is not living up Both claim the other is not living up

to promisesto promises

Oslo AccordsOslo Accords


Issues today:Issues today: U.S. wants a two state solution where U.S. wants a two state solution where

Palestine & Israel will live side by side in Palestine & Israel will live side by side in separate states separate states

Arab Islamic fundamentalists initiated war Arab Islamic fundamentalists initiated war against Israel against Israel

IsraeliIsraeli’’s fear if they give in to a Pal. state, s fear if they give in to a Pal. state, more attacks will followmore attacks will follow

But Israel uses hard tactics to eliminate But Israel uses hard tactics to eliminate militants militants

But Arab militants are stationed near civilians But Arab militants are stationed near civilians creating collateral damage creating collateral damage

global: 5/2/2014 i/o: thematic essays; the middle east: the palestinian/israeli conflict i/o:...

Documents

israel israel

israel palestine everisrael

egypt israel menachem

israel defeats egypt

palestinian militants

partitions palestine

civilian population

israeli security forces