GLOBAL HEALTH

Wellness 1 – Eastview High School - 2008

• What do you wish you could change about the world?

• What do you think is unfair?• What makes you angry?• What makes you speak your mind?

WHAT ARE THE MILLENIUM GOALS

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MILLENIUM GOALS – GLOBAL DEVOLOPMENT

ERADICATE EXTREME POVERTY & HUNGER

What we need to do:• Cut the proportion

of people living in extreme poverty and suffering from hunger in half between 1990 & 2015

The Facts:• Today, more than 1

billion people around the world live on less than $1 a day

• 2 billion struggle to live on less than $2 a day

• In 2005, a total of 17% or 815 million people in developing regions were undernourished.

LITERACY - EDUCATION

ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION

What we need to do:• Ensure all children,

girls & boys alike, complete a full course of primary school.

The facts:• About 120 million

children are out of school

• More than half of the children who do not attend school are girls, and a disproportionate number of them live in sub-Saharian Africa & southern Asia.

What we need to do:• Promote gender

equality and the empowerment of women as basic human rights and allow women to participate equally in education, employment and political decision-making.

The facts:• Two-thirds of the

world’s illiterate adults are women.

• Women work two-thirds of the world’s working hours and yet earn only 10% of the world’s income and own less than one percent of the world’s property.

PROMOTE GENDER EQUALITY & EMPOWER WOMEN

FEMALE ILLITERACY - WORLD

GENDER EQUITY

REDUCE CHILD MORTALITY

What we need to do:• Reduce the under-

five child mortality rate by two-thirds between 1990 and 2015.

The facts:• Almost 11 million

children under the age of five die each year from preventable causes. Almost all (98%) of these children live in the developing world with 45% in sub-Saharan Africa.

• Five diseases – HIV/AIDS, diarrhea, malaria, measles & pneumonia – account for 50% of under-five deaths.

IMPROVE MATERNAL HEALTH

What we need to do:• Improve maternal

health by reducing the maternal morality rate by three-quarters between 1990 and 2015.

The facts:• Complications during

pregnancy & child birth are the leading cause of death & disability among women of reproductive age in developing countries.

• An estimated 529,000 women died from complications of pregnancy & child birth in 2000. For each of those, 20 more were seriously injured or disabled.

COMBAT HIV/AIDS, MALARIA & OTHER DISEASES

What we need to do:• Stop and reverse

the spread of HIV/AIDS, malaria and other major diseases, including tuberculosis.

The facts:• At the end of 2006,

39.5 million people were living with HIV, the highest number of people on record.

• Sub-Saharan Africa is home to 64% of all people living with HIV.

PREVENT MALARIA

ENSURE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

What we need to do:• Reverse the loss of

environmental resources, including biological diversity, forests & the Earth’s ozone layer, and provide adequate sanitation, affordable housing & safe water for the world’s poor.

The facts:• 15% of the world’s

population living in high-income countries account for 56% of the world’s total consumption; the worlds poorest 40% account for only 11% of world’s consumption.

• Climate monitoring indicates that the global average temperature has increased more in the last century than over the past 1,000 years.

LACK OF CLEAN WATER…

Water & Sanitation Issues

DEVELOP A GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP FOR DEVELOPMENT

What we need to do:• Ensure richer countries

support poorer countries through aid, trade & debt relief. Global partnerships also mean ensuring that people in developing countries have access to productive work opportunities for youth, affordable essential drugs & the benefits of new technologies.

The facts:• Only 5 countries:

Denmark, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway & Sweden, have achieved the 1970 UN target of .7% Gross Nat’l Income as Official Development Assistance

• The poorest 49 countries make up 10% of the world’s population, but account for only .4% of world trade.

GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT Cont’d

Between 1970 and 2002, the poorest African countries received $294 billion in loans, paid back $298 billion in interest and principal, but still owed more than $200 billion. If debt relief is made a priority, and poor governments no longer need to worry about repaying debt, they can spend more on things like food, clean water, housing, health care, jobs, education, and building their economies.

POVERTY

WHAT DO YOU REALLY NEED?• List 7 things you use everyday to

survive.• Categorize each item with a (W) Want or

(N) Need.• If you had to give up one, which one

would you choose?• Which three would you pick to survive?• Living on $1 a day, how would you

spend your $7 each week?

Bono Fights Poverty

WHAT IS POVERTY?• Write down a definition of poverty.• Do we have people living in poverty?

• How do you know?• What have been your direct experiences

seeing poverty?• How does the media portray the conditions of

poverty?• What assumptions do we often make about

people living in poverty? Why?• Do you think, we as a society, are doing

enough to help those in poverty?

• Complete worksheet 1

POVERTY IS…Poverty is a person’s inability to access the

basic needs for survival. Child poverty involves a significant lack of the basic requirements for healthy physical, mental, emotional and spiritual development. It can result in a lack of opportunities, a lack of control over one’s life, social isolation & discriminatory treatment at the hands of others.

Poverty can mean poor nutrition & unsanitary living conditions, a lack of access to necessities such as education, a healthy diet, and health care.

What is poverty like in North America?

• In the United States, 17% of children (1 in 6) live in poverty. (approx 12 million)

• In 2005 in Canada 823,856 people used food bands in just one month!

• In developing countries…50,000 people die each day due to poverty related causes.

• 600 million children live in absolute poverty.

• 800 million people go to bed hungry every day.

• 300,000 children die before their 5th birthday EVERY DAY!

IS IT INSURMOUNTABLE? Additional annual investment needed

to eliminate hunger and malnutrition = $19 billion.

Annual expenditure on pet food in Europe and the United States = $17 billion.

?

STAND UP TO FIGHT POVERTY

FUNDRAISING OPPORTUNITYYOU ARE GOING TO LIVE OFF $1 PER

DAY…OK NOT REALLY. YOU ARE GOING TO FUNDRAISE A $1 (or more) PER DAY TIL THE END OF THE QUARTER. TELL PEOPLE YOUR SACRIFICE AND SEE IF THEY WILL SPONSOR YOU.

YOU WILL DO YOUR BEST TO GIVE UP TECHNOLOGY ($$) FOR AN ENTIRE DAY…

THIS MEANS NO TV, COMPUTER, CELL PHONE, IPOD, VIDEO GAMES, MICROWAVE, ETC…FOR 24 HOURS.

READ STORIES OF POVERTY• Complete worksheet #G6

• Tomorrow: Solutions to World Hunger

EDUCATION“Education is the key to unlocking the world, a passport to freedom” -Oprah

EDUCATION Education is widely believed to be the

acquisition of skills, knowledge and values. The amount of knowledge and skills a person acquires affects the amount of power they have to determine their own future. An “educated” person is often described as literate, able to think critically about the world and equipped to contribute to their community.

EDUCATION• Education is the key to lifting millions of

children around the world out of extreme poverty and hunger.

• For every year of quality education that a child receives, their adult earning potential increases by a worldwide average of 10%.

• Educated women are more likely to have children that survive and are healthy.

• When children are in school, they learn essential knowledge on health issues.

EDUCATION

North America

• Believe all children have a right to a formal education & provide buildings & materials through taxes.

• Poverty affects attendance & contributes to drop-out rates.

• Statistics show our literacy rate is lower than it should be.

• Enrollment/attendance from 1996-2004 was 92% in USA and 100% in Canada.

Global Experience• 150 million kids drop

out of school before completing 5 years – the minimum for achieving basic literacy.

• Only 37 out of 155 developing countries have achieved universal primary school completion.

• 133 million youth cannot read or write.

• 2/3 of the world’s illiterate adults are women.

MORE STATISTICS…• HIV/AIDS is spread twice as quickly among

uneducated girls than among girls who have received even some schooling.

• In families in extreme poverty the children work (instead of going to school) with the hope of providing their families with money for survival… 218 million children are engaged in child labor.

• In war torn countries children are often forced to trade their pens for guns = >250,000 child soldiers.

• Illnesses like HIV/AIDS, malaria, etc… prevent children from being physically able to attend school. Or they are forced to stay home & care for a sibling that is sick or just to care for them because they are orphaned.

GIRLS OFTEN FACE LARGER BARRIERS

• The daily chore of collecting safe drinking water takes away from time that girls could spend in class. They often have to walk for hours to find clean water & when they don’t illness occurs. In 2006, 443 million school days were lost due to water-related illnesses.

• In many countries, girls are forced to leave school at an early age in order to enter into marriage and bring income to their families.

• About 1 in 10 school-age African girls drop-out once they reach puberty because they don’t have clean or private washrooms to use at school.

Frangie’s Story

HOW MUCH WOULD IT COST??The cost for universal literacy would be less than the…

A.Annual investment in perfume.B.Amount the U.S. spent on the war in Iraq in 2006. C.Amount spent by Americans on Christmas. D.Sales on “Black Friday” 2007. E.All of the above.F.None of the above.

E – ALL OF THE ABOVE

The cost for universal literacy is$5 billion.

Annual investment in perfume. ($15 Billion)

How much the U.S. spent on the Iraq war 2006.

($51.6 billion)Amount spent by Americans on Christmas. ($216 billion)Sales on “Black Friday” 2007.

($10.3 billion)

QUESTIONS FOR YOU…1. How does attending a school affect your

life? Think about everything you read in a day…How would your life change if you couldn’t read or write?

2. In what ways does your gender affect your school experiences?

3. What are your family’s values about education?

4. What are the most important skills we need to survive in our society?

5. What might prevent a child (in our community) from attending school?

More…1. Who is ultimately responsible for

education in our country?2. Who should lead improvement in

education?3. How much does it cost to build a

school in a developing country?4. What steps could be taken to

encourage both boys & girls to attend that school?

• Complete worksheet, “Your School Experience”. (G9)

• Tomorrow…the gender difference! • Read the article, “Easing the Heavy

Load of Kenyan Women & Children” before class tomorrow.

GENDER & EDUCATION ACTIVITY

Around the world today, millions of children are not receiving the education they need.

DIRECTIONS:• If you were born between January &

June, go to one side of the room.• Those of you born between July &

December go to the other side of the room.

• As you are directed, find a spot in your designated area…that is where you will be for the rest of the class period.

HEALTH"In health there is freedom. Health is the first of all liberties."

QUESTIONS TO THINK ABOUT• Have you ever had to visit a doctor?

An emergency room or urgent care?• How long did you wait to be treated?• Did you receive any treatments or

medicine?• What would you do if there was no

doctor to see you?• What if the walk to see the doctor

was 4 hours one way? What would you do? What if when you got there, there were already 70 people in line?

UNICEF - MALNUTRITION

IMPORTANCE OF GOOD HEALTH• When health gives way to illness, people

are less able to work or go to school.• If adults die, they leave behind orphans

whose lives are at great risk. When parents get sick, children have to drop out of school to help.

• Women may pass on a disease to their children or die before actually giving birth. High infant mortality rates indicate many newborns die within days of birth.

North America

• In 2000, probability of death in the U.S. was 1 in 2,500. In Canada it was 1 in 8,700.

• In 2003, infant mortality rate (<1 yr old) was 7 per 1,000. In Canada it was 5 per 1,000 live births.

• In 2003 .6% of the U.S. population was living with HIV. In Canada .3% of the population was infected.

Global Experience• Every year >500,000

women die in pregnancy & child birth (about 1 death per minute)

• 8,000 people die each day from AIDS.

• Sub-Saharan Africa has just over 10% of the world’s population, but 64% of the people living with HIV and 90% of the HIV infected children.

• Malaria kills > 1 million a year and 90% of all cases are in sub-Saharan Africa. Most experts expect this to get worse due to climate change, civil unrest, population growth, etc.

"Happiness is nothing more than good health."

QUESTIONS TO THINK ABOUT1. Does your family have access to medical

professionals? How many medical visits have members of your family made this year?

2. What is the closest medical facility to your home?

3. How do you protect yourself from communicable diseases? (TB, HIV, Avian Flu…)

4. What type of health care do women seek when pregnant or giving birth?

"Off all the forms of inequality, injustice in health care is the most shocking and

inhumane.“ – Dr. MLK Jr.

AIDS & TUBERCULOSIS in AFRICA

ACTIONS CONTRIBUTING TO YOUR GOOD HEALTH

Before you were born

Baby & young child years

When you have a health problem

Incorporated into school life

What would happen if there were no medical

services?

Waiting on the World to Change