Global Research and Market Analysis on GarlicAn Academic presentation by

Dr. Nancy Agnes, Head, Technical Operations, FoodResearchLab

Group: www.foodresearchlab.com

Email: info@foodresearchlab.com

Today's Discussion

Outline

Market Analysis

Garlic functionality

The chemistry of Garlic

Garlic supplements

Benefits

Recent Research in Garlic

Future Scope

is an Amaryllidaceae familyGarlic (Allium sativum)

plant.

Garlic is grown commercially by vegetative propagation

and is temperature and day-length sensitive.

Allium is legally placed in the Liliaceae family, which

has 280 distinct genera and 4000 species.

However, due to recent taxonomic changes, members

of this genus have been assigned to Alliaceae.

Contd...

INTRODUCTION

Garlic is one of the most ancient domesticated plants.

Its likely parent appears to be A. longicuspis, a native of central Asian hilly regions

that expanded to China, the Near East, and the Mediterranean before spreading

west to Central and Southern Europe, Northern Africa (Egypt), and Mexico.

Garlic farming is now found in almost every temperate region of the planet.

Garlic is used as a spice and food component in cooking due to its ability to

integrate well with a broad range of foods, imparting its aroma and flavour while

enhancing the flavours of the foods paired with it.

Contd...

In addition to being used as a food, Garlic has long been employed in traditional

medicine for defensive and therapeutic purposes.

This blog focuses on scientific advancements and the Garlic production market.

MARKET ANALYSIS

The worldwide garlic extract market was

valued at about USD 11.86 billion in 2017 and

is predicted to reach around USD 15.30 billion

by 2024, rising at a CAGR of roughly 3.7%

between 2018 and 2024.

Garlic is frequently cultivated as a

winter/spring crop as well.

The environmental needs for garlic

cultivation include temperature, light, and

moisture.

Contd...

Garlic is commonly grown in Pakistan, China,

Korea, Indonesia, India, the United States, and

Thailand.

including

Kashmir,

It is cultivated throughout Pakistan,

Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,

Gilgit-Baltistan, and Baluchistan.

It isn't easy to obtain unlimited data for garlic oil

output.

Indonesia is the world's leading producer of

garlic oil.

The majority of global garlic oil exports are destined for the European Union and

North America.

The trend of the product's import, however, is revealed in US import statistics.

Garlic oil imports to the United States totalled 73 tonnes, with a 17% annual growth

rate.

The demand for garlic oil in the United States is estimated to be one-third of total

world consumption.

Garlic's overall world demand is projected to be 219 tonnes per year.

Contd...

China is the world's biggest producer of Garlic, with an

annual production of around 20 million tonnes,

accounting for 81% of global output.

India ranks first with 4.6% for yearly world output, South

Korea ranks second with 1.4%, Egypt ranks second with

1.2%, and the United States ranks third with 0.8%. Gilroy,

California, produces a considerable amount of Garlic in the

United States.

Due to the large consumption of garlic extract in the

population's daily diet, Asia Pacific is expected to dominate

the worldwide market for garlic extract.

Contd...

In the forecast timeframe, the organized retail sector in metropolitan regions across

the region is likely to boost the expansion of the garlic extract market.

India and China are essential contributors to the Asia Pacific garlic extract

market's growth.

Furthermore, increased consumer inclination for fast food consumption, expanding

urbanization, and an expanding number of fast food outlets are important drivers

expected to drive the Asia Pacific garlic extract market shortly.

In the forecast period, the garlic extract market in North America is expected to

account for a sizable proportion of the worldwide garlic extract market.

Contd...

The region's growing desire for natural and

organic components in cosmetics and

cosmetic goods is likely to drive up demand

for garlic extract.

Furthermore, corporations are investing in

quality formulation, delivery methods, and

packaging research.

This, in turn, is anticipated to increase the

growth of the garlic extract market in North

America throughout the forecast period.

Contd...

During the projected period, the European garlic

extract market is expected to rise steadily.

The usage of garlic extract as a flavouring in food

preparation drives the need for garlic extract in the

Middle East and Africa area.

Furthermore, the growing use of garlic extract in

various sectors is likely to cause a market expansion in

the Middle East and Africa over the forecast period.

GARLIC FUNCTIONALITY

The thousands of garlic brands on shop

shelves may be divided into four categories:

essential oil, garlic oil macerate, garlic

powder, and garlic extract (Table 1).

The production technique has a significant

impact on the content of the garlic product.

Contd...

Manufacturers must ensure that garlic products are safe, stable, and effective.

Documentation of the safety and efficacy of any items, including Garlic, recommended for

use in health promotion is critical.

THE CHEMISTRY OF GARLIC

Table 1 lists some of the nutritional and

chemical features of garlic bulbs.

Garlic's moisture, carbs, protein, fat,

minerals, vitamins, energy, ash, pH, acidity,

and essential oil content have all been

determined.

Garlic has a low moisture content as

compared to caper bud and caperberries

fruits and vegetables.

Contd...

Garlic has large quantities of potassium (21 g/kg), phosphorous (6 g/kg),

magnesium (1 g/kg), sodium (532.78 mg/Kg), calcium (363.61 mg/Kg), and iron

(52.91 mg/Kg) among minerals.

Furthermore, Garlic includes the minerals selenium and germanium.

The mineral mixture of the soil in which the bulb is grown determines the amount of

these minerals in the bulb.

Other significant chemical ingredients include riboflavin, thiamine, nicotinic acid,

vitamin C, and vitamin E.

Table 1. Nutritional value and properties of Garlic (per 100 g of raw Garlic) [2]

GARLIC SUPPLEMENTS

Garlic supplements are divided into four categories: garlic

essential oil, garlic powder, garlic oil macerate, and garlic extract

(Table 2).

Garlic essential oil is made by steam distilling garlic and

contains several sulphides such as DAS, DADS, and

DATS.

Garlic powder is made by slicing or crushing garlic cloves,

drying them, then pulverizing them into powder.

Contd...

Garlic powder is supposed to have the same compounds as raw Garlic (crushed),

namely alliin.

Oil macerates were initially created to be used as condiments.

There are two varieties of oil macerate products on the market, both packed in soft

gel capsules.

One may be prepared by simply combining garlic flavoured powder and vegetable

oil.

Another is prepared by mixing raw Garlic and vegetable oil.

Contd...

To make garlic extract, soak whole or sliced garlic cloves

in an extracting solution (filtered water and diluted alcohol)

for varied periods.

The section is usually concentrated and utilized after the

separation of the solution.

The extract can also be found in powdered form.

One of the most popular products is KYOLIC aged garlic

extract (AGE).

Raw Garlic sliced and steeped in a water/ethanol combination for more than 20

months is stored at room temperature to acquire AGE.

It is mainly composed of the water-soluble sulphur compounds SAC and SAMC,

with trace quantities of oil-soluble sulphur compounds.

Abbreviations: DAS- diallyl sulfide; DADS- diallyl disulfide; SAC-S-allyl cysteine;

SAMC-S-allyl mercaptocysteine.

Allicin is a volatile and reactive molecule that degrades quickly into other chemicals.

As a result, no garlic product on the market has measurable levels of allicin (1 ppm).

Table 1: Garlic products on the market [3]

BENEFITS

Although Garlic is generally used in cooking as a flavouring

component, evidence may be helpful for a wide range of

illnesses and disorders.

Garlic intake is being pushed as an alternative therapy for

some ailments due to the current trend toward using natural

medicines with fewer side effects.

However, before Garlic can be regarded as a safe and

effective medication, more research on several issues is

needed.

Contd...

Although garlic cloves are often consumed raw or

cooked, various garlic nutritional supplements,

including dried or powdered formulations, oils,

and liquid extracts, have recently been introduced

to meet consumer demand for bioactive garlic

ingredients.

It should be noted, however, that these components

are highly reliant on garlic preparation.

So no garlic dietary supplement can address the

vast variety of biological activity documented here

(Figure 9).

Figure 9. Multiple health-promoting effects of Garlic [2]

RECENT RESEARCH IN GARLIC

Garlic phytochemicals for human immune system

enhancement against illness.

Garlic preparations were analyzed using a unique multi-

phytochemical methodology.

Fresh Garlic and black garlic extracts have high

antioxidant and bacteriostatic activity.

Contd...

Fish oil-Garlic essential oil encapsulated might be utilized to strengthen and prolong the

shelf-life of food goods.

An aroma recombinant including the newly found acidic smells and other essential

odorants demonstrated good agreement with the scent of aged garlic extract.

FUTURE SCOPE

Future studies should also be conducted to

standardize the active component concentration of

garlic supplements.

This would aid in determining the most effective

dosage and kind of Garlic (dehydrated, aged, etc.) for

the desired health-promoting impact.

The quest for active preparations with minimal

unpleasant odour and taste would allow this vegetable

and its derivatives to be used as functional additives

with therapeutic activity in various processed meals.

Contd...

For example, they might be used to produce highly consumed goods (e.g., fast meals

or ready-to-eat meals) to provide antioxidants, prebiotics, mineral nutrients, and other

minerals essential in preventing nutritional deficiencies.

Finally, garlic products are sold as both food and herbal medicines.

While garlic-eating is widely thought to be harmless, the toxicity of garlic supplements

must now be proven before they may be used as bioactive goods.

Uniform regulation of nutrition and health claims on foods is currently being

implemented to develop a set of universally applicable standards for the scientific

justification of these claims.

This ensures that the client receives all of the nutritional and health-promoting

benefits of an old natural remedy: Garlic, without danger.

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