GLOBAL, SIMPLE,CHEAP, UNIQUE SOLUTION

NAFIGATE Corporation, a.s.Prosek Point, Building A

Prosecká 851/64190 00 Prague 9

+420 734 201 248info@nafi gate.comwww.nafi gate.com

UNIQUE KNOW HOWA fi lter that can fi lter water without electricity and in a very simple way, has not existed on the market yet. � ere are many expensive and cheap products, but no one off ers always functional solutions, especially for the � ird World.

ECOBRANE IS MANUFACTURED ACCORDING TO OUR PATENT:

Patent for production technology – i.e. the manufacturing process as the product is produced.

PRODUCTION OF ECOBRANEPreparation of a special nanofi brous layer is made using an electrospinning process. Electrospinning is a  manufacturing process that uses an electric fi eld to control the polymer fi bers deposition on the target substrate. � is electrostatic spinning is used to produce nonwoven fabrics with a polymeric fi bers diameter ranging from a few microns to 100 nm and less. For the EcoBrane production – nanofi brous membranes for water fi ltration is used patented NanospiderTM technology as well.

� e nanofi bres production machine – Nanospider, is a very complex device with many parts. � e production itself is very sensitive and must be set very precisely for each specifi c product, so only well trained personnel can operate the Nanospider machine in a right way.

EcoBrane production process

1st step: spinning of antimicrobial nanofi brous layer

2nd step: lamination of the nanofi brous layer with polyester fabric

3rd step: fi nal superhydrophilic and antibacterial treatment

4th step: production of fi nal product

NANOSPIDER TECHNOLOGY

A great competitive advantage of NAFIGATE is the detailed knowledge and full control of Nanospider technology, on which all the company‘s nanofi brous products are developed. Nanospider is the Czech unique patented technology of ELMARCO s.r.o., which operates on the principle of spinning from free polymer solution surface in a strong electrostatic fi eld without nozzles use. � anks to Nanospider, most of all known organic and inorganic fi bers with a thickness of less than 1 micron or under 100 nanometers can be produced. � is technology is versatile and meets all the demanding requirements such as easy customization of production parameters and fl exibility of adjustment according to individual production needs.

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NANOFIBER MEMBRANE FOR WATER FILTRATIONEcoBrane is a nanofi brous membrane intended for water fi ltration applications – this is a result of 10 years long research and development of nanofi brous membranes for water or liquid fi ltration. We developed the product which is proud of wide range benefi ts off ered by the unique properties of nanofi bers – especially the ability of nanofi brous webs to create barriers for penetration of even the smallest objects, such as bacteria or dust particles, and thus can fi lter out of water what threatens humanlives and health. EcoBrane is a non-woven fabric made of nanofi bers, where their pores have a diameter around 0.3 µm, and thanks to superhydrophilic treatment membranes allow high fl ow through them, which is essencial for removing harmful bacteria and haze. EcoBrane retains all water contamination such as turbidity, solid particles, allergens or bacteria, and clean water fl ows out of the fi lter.However, the super-hydrophilic nanofi brous layer is only one part of the complete solution, because the whole product must be very strong and durable. We achieved it by using the classic lamination technique, which is quick and inexpensive, and then we are able to produce a sandwich type of layering that preserves the best properties of both materials. From the woven material strength and durability, from nonwoven nanofi bers arises an active function to fi lter bacteria. � is composite is further treated by a soaking method to improve desired fi ltration and fl ow properties, then is cut and fold into a very simple mold for the most easiest usage. � is material is washable and capable to fi lter hundreds liters of polluted water.

EcoBrane is double functional – it is a membrane and a fi lter in one as well. Its application is very simple.

Photo: Nanospider machine

HOW ECOBRANE WORKS� e principle of how the whole composite works, is illustrated by the following scheme:

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A Woven PET textile Pre-fi ltration (large particles), protects against damage

B Antimicrobial polymeric composite nanofi bersFine fi ltration (small particles), high fi ltration effi ciency

C Woven PET textile It strengthens the nanofi bers and gives them the necessary strength and superhydrophilicity.

� e complete textile bag is made of composite for single-use and even multiple-use water fi ltration with no energy need. � e size of the bag is optional from 50 cm (5 litres of water) to 100 cm (10 litres of water).

MAIN PRODUCT BENEFITS › Mechanical strength and reliability

› High volume of fi ltration (approx 100 l of water)

› Price that does not create a barrier to use

› Applicable everywhere

› Simply usage even for people without education

› Washable – common soap, drying in the sun

› No energy need and no other environmental pollution

Global, unique and cheap solution for water without bacteria and turbidity for 2 billion people.

Matrix: WATERQUALITY OF FILTERED WATER EcoBrane totally eliminates turbidity and a substantial number of diverse colonies (algae, yeast, protozoa, bacteria, ...).

BACTERIAIn addition to turbidity, the bacterial contamination is mainly monitored, because in fact it causes the greatest problems associated with drinking water. Coliform and faecal coliform bacteria such as Escherichia coli, are the main indicator of faecal contamination that can cause very severe diarrheal diseases, dehydration and, in severe cases, death. � is relatively common contamination can be easily removed only by simple fi ltration of the contaminated water through our membrane.Bacterial contamination is the main cause of very serious and epidemic diseases such as cholera, typhoid, dysentery or legionary disease with severe pneumonia. Besides bacterial contamination, there is also possible protozoa contamination that causes a strong diarrheal disease such as cryptosporidiosis or giardiasis. All of these diseases are extremely dangerous and deadly not only for child population in all countries with non-existing water infrastructure. Like in case of coliform bacteria, these other bacterial contamination can be removed by fi ltration, because the membrane‘s pores have a diameter less than 0.3 microns, which is approximately three time less than the smallest bacterial size and at the same time it is a standard size for sterilization fi ltration.We can also fi lter protozoa because they are typically even larger than bacteria.

1) � e fl ask with LB medium has been inoculated by E. Coli strain which has been kept on agar plates at 4 °C.

2) Based on the OD measurement concentration of 10^5 mil cells / ml is achieved by dilution by tap water. 

3) 2.5 l of cells diluted solution has been poured onto each of the fi lter bag. 4) Filtrate is captured for CFU determination.5) Point 3 and 4 has been repeated.6) In case of high fi ltrate throughput the fi ltration has been repeated another time(s) LOQ = limit of quantifi cation; NM = measurement uncertainty

TESTING

VIRUSESViral illnesses, especially Ebola, are a great danger for mankind itself and not only for the aff ected equatorial region. Ebola virus reaches the fi ber length from 80 nm up to several microns, so it can be fi ltered through our membrane.Other minor viruses need to be removed by other means, such as over boiled. However, most of the real problems in these areas are due to epidemic bacterial contamination.

TURBIDITYWater turbidity is the fi rst indicator for drinkable water and its high status, especially in the rainy season, causes many problems and potential illness. It is caused by inorganic, organic and biological insoluble particles. Most of this contamination in not dangerous primarily, but the risk are bacteria living on these insoluble particles. High turbidity also prevents eff ective sterilization by UV radiation. Turbidity value is usually reported in NTU units (Nepfelometric Turbidity Units) and the safe values for drinking water must be low than 5 NTUs. In water at the picture on right was measured around 800 NTU and in Africa such water is commonly used without any water treatment for drinking, cooking, laundering and washing. Our membrane can eff ectively reduce turbidity value of commonly contaminated water to less than 1 NTU unit.

� e quality of the fi ltered water is signifi cantly better immediately after fi ltration.

Before and after – river water

Parametr Method LOQ Unit Result NM Result NM Result NM Result NM

Microbiological parameters

Escherichia coli W-EC – KTJ / 10 ml 0 – 0 – 0 – 0 –

Feed water bacteria concentration

4 x10e6 / 10 ml

Sample name Single layer › 1st 2,5 l

Single layer› 2nd 2,5 l

Single layer › 1st 2,5 l

Single layer › 2nd 2,5 l

Sample identifi cation PR1960696-019 PR1960696-020 PR1960696-021 PR1960696-022

Collection date / time [13. 6. 2019] [13. 6. 2019] [13. 6. 2019] [13. 6. 2019]

Filtration testing was performed in two set ups: fi rst as one layer of fi lter fabric and second as double layer of two fabrics to see the eff ect of dual fi ltration. Feed water was composed of dilluted bactria Ecoli culture set on 4x10e6 bacterias / 10 ml. To setted up fi ltration membrane 2.5 l of aqueous culture was introduced and fi ltrated water was tested on aggar plates on presence of bacterial contamination in form of CFU / 10 ml.

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� is product is the realization of Vojtech Kundrat‘s vision, the project leader – is the materialization of his professional skills and personal experience with charity work in Tanzania. � ank you.Vojtěch Kundrát studied Material Chemistry at Masaryk University and the Technical University in Brno. He invented several patents for the production of nanofi bers from biopolymeric materials. He participates in the research of water fi ltration and ceramic nanofi bers for special catalytic applications.

THANKS FOR REALIZATION OF VISION

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� e worldwide problem with water is about three main aspects – availability, quality and price. � e role of bacterial fi lters is now the biggest in poor countries with heavily polluted water. A cheap and eff ective bacterial fi lter can save a lot of lives here and literally change the world, but even in Europe it is a convenient complementary solution for small and deteriorating drinking water sources such as wells. Another area where these fi lters are applied is army and civil protection. We can‘t imagine many of these applications yet. I am convinced that inexpensive fabric fi lters have a great chance to become a new industry in a world where drinking water is not taken for granted. Václav Cílek

ACKNOWLEDGE OF PROF. VÁCLAV CÍLEK

ECOBRANE IS DESIGNED FORCountries suff ering from drought – can help WHO, charities, government aff ected state, local business segment

Natural Disasters – can help governments of countries threatened by natural disasters, charities

Military confl icts of the population / army – can serve the army, help charities, governments of aff ected landscapes,

Countries with unbuilt and built water purifi cation infrastructure – can help local business segment that needs high quality drinking water (hotels, developers ...), public buildings, schools, hospitals

OTHER NAFIGATE PRODUCTS USING NANOSPIDER TECHNOLOGYNanocleanerNanocleaner is a nanofi brous fi lter for air fi ltration in windows or doors.

Cartridge fi lterAnother product of NAFIGATE using Nanospider technology is Cartridge fi lter.

GLOBAL, UNIQUE, CHEAP, SIMPLE SOLUTION