global warming
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GLOBAL WARMING. PROS AND CONS. BUDAPEST UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMICS. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESS ENGINEERING. FACULTY OF CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING. Dr. Bajnóczy Gábor Tonkó Csilla. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
GLOBAL WARMINGGLOBAL WARMING
PROS AND CONS
Dr. Bajnóczy GáborTonkó Csilla
BUDAPEST UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMICS
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESS ENGINEERING
FACULTY OF CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING
The pictures and drawings of The pictures and drawings of this presentation can be this presentation can be used only for education !used only for education !
Any commercial use is Any commercial use is prohibited !prohibited !
Global warming: fact, no doubtGlobal warming: fact, no doubt
August ,1984
Mt. Hood Oregon
end of summer 2002
THE FACT OF GLOBAL WARMING CAN NOT BE THE FACT OF GLOBAL WARMING CAN NOT BE QUESTIONEDQUESTIONED
1941 2004
Bruce Molnia,Glacier Bay National Park, 2004, U.S. Geological Survey USA
What is the reason?
BECAUSE OF THE PEOLE (LET’S SHAME US)!
UNCONTROLLABLE PROCESS?
GLOBAL WARMING: FACT, NO DOUBTGLOBAL WARMING: FACT, NO DOUBT
Global warming, greenhouse Global warming, greenhouse eeffectffect
CO2
C O2
Energia elnyelés
hő
láthatófény
heat
visible light
energy dissipation
Drastic increase in carbon dioxide Drastic increase in carbon dioxide concentration since the industrial concentration since the industrial
revolutionrevolution
Greenhouse gases: not only carbon Greenhouse gases: not only carbon dioxidedioxide
Methane organic matter decomposition (paddy field, landfill)
Nitrous oxide (N2O) biomass burning, fluidized boiler, catalytic cars, nitrogen fertilizer
Chlor-fluor-carbon gases refrigerators, solvents, blowing
GREENHOUSE EFFECT ALWAYS WAS AND ALWAYS WILL BE; GREENHOUSE EFFECT ALWAYS WAS AND ALWAYS WILL BE; CAUSE: WATER VAPORCAUSE: WATER VAPOR
http://www.geocraft.com/WVFossils/TableOfCont.htmlThey do not beleve in the role of carbon-dioxide.
Water vapor and greenhouse Water vapor and greenhouse effecteffect
Earth’s average temperature
increseas
Evaporation increases, Greenhouse Effect
intensifies
Evaporation increases, amount of cloud increases, irradiation decreases, Earth’
average temperaturedecreases
PERIODICALLY CHANGING CLIMATEPERIODICALLY CHANGING CLIMATE
? ?
GLOBAL WARMINGGLOBAL WARMING
Everything is based on something!
Yes, this may cause the warming
This is true, but don’t cause such a rapid
warming
POSSIBLE CAUSES OF PERIODICALLY CLIMATE CHANGEPOSSIBLE CAUSES OF PERIODICALLY CLIMATE CHANGE
1. Periodically change of solar flares (period of time: 11 and 206 years)
2. Change of Earth’s elliptical orbit around the Sun (period of time: 100 000 years) irradiation change - about 0,2%
POSSIBLE CAUSES OF PERIODICALLY CLIMATE CHANGEPOSSIBLE CAUSES OF PERIODICALLY CLIMATE CHANGE
3. Angle of Earth’s Axis change (period of time: 41 000 years)
4. Change of day and night equal date (period of time: 22 00 years) irradiation change – about 15%
During an equinox, the Earth is not tilted toward or away from the Sun and the length of the day is the same at all points on the Earth's surface.
Air pollutant: heating and cooling Air pollutant: heating and cooling effecteffect
Particle pollution
↓global
cooling?
25% of atmospheric particle are anthropogenic
There were warmer There were warmer periods!periods!
COCO22 average temperatureaverage temperature
Better safe than sorry !
Can we do something against Can we do something against global warming?global warming?
European Union is committed
USA: no commercial interest
Developing countries(China, India, etc.):It’s not the biggest
problem
Renewable energy against the global Renewable energy against the global warmingwarming
NO CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONNO CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSION Water energy Solar energy Wind energy Geothermal energy Biomass Tidal energy (Lunar energy) Wave energy
Let‘s see the possibilities in Hungary ?
Water energyWater energy
It is a real hydroelectric plant
Hydroelectric plants in Hydroelectric plants in HungaryHungary
Tiszalök 11,4 MW Kisköre 28 MW
Electric power plants in Hungary ~ 9400 MW
No level differences on flat area !
Solar energySolar energyIT IS SAID, IT IS FREE, LET US USE IT.
Low energy density: 1kW/m2
What is the situation in Hungary?
Incoming: july 5 kWh/m2day jan. 1,5 kWh/m2day
Available: july 2,8 kWh/m2day jan. 1,1 kWh/m2day
DOMESTIC HOT WATER SUPPLY (FAMILY HOUSE)200 dm3 60°C water/day claims: 14 kWh/dayCollector surface: ≈ 12 – 15 m2
Domestic hot water: YES Heating: Not enough
DOMESTIC HEATING (100 m2 FAMILY HOUSE)Average heat output (6 winter moth): 1,4 kWh/m2. It' average is far from the peak !!claims: 1400 m2 Collector surface: ≈ 140 - 180 m2
Solar power plantSolar power plant
464 000 m2 collector area 80 MW
Wind energyWind energy
Well known from ancient time
Wind energyWind energy
1 MW wind turbine: height : 45 meter, rotor diameter : 55 meter Europe’s wind turbine output: ≈ 40 000 MW
Problem: the storage of electric energy. If there is no wind, a conventional fast response power plant capacity must be available.
Wind farms on land and off shore
Geothermal energyGeothermal energy
Geothermal energyGeothermal energy Hungary’s potential in geothermal energy is quite remarkable
Problem: thermal waste
The currently used methods for the discharge of utilized thermal water involves: direct discharge into sub-surface water sources (reinjection), discharge into periodical water courses and discharge into receiving waters directly or indirectly (through drainage).
Only about 20 are injection wells, although recent legislation prohibits new geothermal systems from being established without injection; only waters used for balneotherapy are allowed to be discharged at the surface.
Energy from biomassEnergy from biomassRealistic in Hungary ?
Different sourcesWoodUsed for hundreds of years.Forest area is not too much in Hungary.
pellet
chipsforest
Energy from biomassEnergy from biomassenergy plants instead of wood
Szarvas - energy grass
Energy willow
Energy poplar1 and 3 years old
35 km2 1 MW
whole area of Hungary 2657 MW