glossário sobre alterações climáticas em 23 línguas
TRANSCRIPT
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EN
MAY 2011
Climate Change
G E N
E R A L S E C R E T A R I A T O F T H E C O U N C I L
E X P E R T S E R I E S
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Notice
This brochure is produced by the General Secretariat of the CouncDirectorate-General A - Personnel and AdministrationDirectorate 3 - Translation and Document Production.
This brochure is for information purposes only.
For any information on the European Council and the Council, yofollowing websites:
www.european-council.europa.euwww.consilium.europa.eu
or contact the Public Information Department of the General Secreat the following address:
Rue de la Loi/Wetstraat 175 Tel: +32 228156501048 Bruxelles/Brussel Fax: +32 22814977BELGIQUE/BELGI www.consilium.europa.eu/inf
More information on the European Union is available on the Intern
Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication.
ISBN 978-92-824-2927-3doi:10.2860/78767
European Union, 2011Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged.
Printed in Belgium
PRINTED ON ELEMENTAL CHLORINE-FREE BLEACHED PAPER (ECF)
Coverpage: Fotolia - Eray
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Climate Change
KEY TERMSin 23 languages
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3
IN RODUC ION
A CLIMATE
CHANGE GLOSSARYClimate change is one of the major global challengesof our time. e concentration of greenhouse gasesin the atmosphere has increased progressively
as the result of human activity. Global averagetemperature has risen signi cantly, in particularsince the middle of last century. Is there a causallink between these two developments? Accordingto a very large majority of independent scientists,yes. Global warming has measurable e ects on
ice coverage, the sea level, wind patterns andthe likelihood of extreme weather events suchas oods, storms and drought. Climate changehas become a highly political issue becauseit is interrelated with a variety of importantpolicy choices, from the energy mix to modes of transport, from agricultural practices to the ghtagainst poverty worldwide, from migration tocon ict prevention and international security. e international political response to climatechange began with the adoption of the UnitedNations Framework Convention on ClimateChange (UNFCCC) in 1992. In 1997, the Partiesto the UNFCCC added the Kyoto Protocol which
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commits industrialised countries to achievingemission reduction targets. ese commitmentscome to an end in 2012. Since 2007 internationalnegotiations have intensi ed in order to establishan appropriate international regime for the ghtagainst climate change beyond 2012. Today, it isimportant to ensure that in the future all majorgreenhouse gas emitters, including emergingeconomies, step up their e orts to curb emissions.
e European Union has been a frontrunner anda driving force of climate action since the 1990s,both in terms of international positions and EU
legislation. e Lisbon Treaty mentions the ghtagainst climate change explicitly.
Consequently, climate-related action featuresin EU political and regulatory texts. ese textscontain concepts and notions which had not
previously been used in o cial EU language. Very o en, these concepts and notions have a relatively recent scienti c background and exist primarily inEnglish. But their meaning is not always re ectedadequately in general English dictionaries. ey have appeared in the context of the UN and
other international fora and have slipped intothe EUs vocabulary. For example, the notion of mitigation crucial in international climate
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negotiations puzzles many readers trying tofamiliarise themselves with this area. Mitigationis presented as a concept which is di erent fromthat of adaptation to climate change, thoughboth are considered to be complementary to eachother. e Oxford English Dictionary de nes the verb to mitigate as to make less severe, violentor painful. But this does not really help. Only a slightly more advanced reader of climate textswould grasp that mitigation means bringinganthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions down,and not just so ening the impact of climatechange (which would be adaptation). Finally,
the policy challenge of climate change is alsoa signi cant challenge for those who have totranslate the underlying concepts and notionsinto all o cial languages in the Union. isglossary is not only a very good illustration of thedegree of e ort invested: it will also provide useful
guidance for citizens who simply want to have abetter understanding of what they hear and readin a language which is not their mother tongue.
Wolfgang Ploch
Head of Climate Change Unit General Secretariat of the Council of the European Union
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EN adaptation to climate change
Te process of preparing to cope withliving in a changing climate, e.g.increased rainfall, higher temperatures,scarce water, or more frequent storms.
BG
CS pizpsobovn se zmn klimatu
DA tilpasning til klimaforandringer DE Anpassung an den Klimawandel
EL
ES adaptacin al cambio climtico
ET kliimamuutustega kohanemine
FI ilmastonmuutokseen sopeutuminen
FR adaptation au changement climatique
GA oirin don athr aeride
HU az ghajlatvltozshoz valalkalmazkods
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IT adattamento ai cambiamenti climatici
LT prisitaikymas prie klimato kaitos
LV pielgoans klimata prmaim
MT adattament gat-tibdil l-klima
NL adaptatie aan klimaatverandering
PL przystosowanie si do zmiany klimatu
PT adaptao s alteraes climticas
RO adaptare la schimbrile climatice
SK adaptcia na zmenu klmy
SL prilagajanje podnebnim spremembamSV anpassning till klimatfrndringarna
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BG
CS nik uhlku
DA CO2-lkage
DE Verlagerung von CO2-Emissionen
EL
ES fuga de carbono
ET ssinikdioksiidi leke
FI hiilivuoto
FR fuite de carbone
GA sceitheadh carbinHU kibocststhelyezs IT rilocalizzazione delle emissioni di
carbonio
EN carbon leakage
Te part of emission reductions in Annex B countries (countries that have their greenhouse gas emissionscapped under the Kyoto Protocol)o set by an increase in emissions innon-constrained countries above their baseline levels.
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LT anglies dioksido nutekjimas
LV ogleka dioksda emisiju prvirze
MT rilokazzjoni tal-emissjonijiet takarbonju
NL koolsto ekkagePL ucieczka emisji
PT fuga de carbono
RO relocarea emisiilor de dioxid de carbon
SK nik uhlka
SL selitev virov CO2
SV koldioxidlckage
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10
BG
CS trh s uhlkem
DA CO2-marked
DE CO2-Markt
EL
ES mercado del carbono
ET CO2-turg
FI hiilimarkkinat
FR march du carbone
GA margadh carbinHU szn-dioxid-piac
EN carbon market
rading system through which countriesmay buy or sell units of greenhouse gas emissions in an e ort to meet their national limits on emissions, either under the Kyoto Protocol or under other agreements, such as that among Member States of the European Union.
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IT mercato del CO2
LT anglies dioksido rinka
LV ogleka dioksda emisiju tirgus
MT suq tal-karbonju
NL koolstofmarkt
PL rynek emisji
PT mercado do carbono
RO piaa carbonului
SK trh s uhlkom
SL trg ogljikaSV koldioxidmarknad
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BG
CS kompenzace za emise CO2
DA CO2-kompensation
DE CO2-Gutschri
EL
ES crdito de compensacin de emisionesde carbono
ET ssinikdioksiidi kompensatsioon
FI pstjen kompensointi
FR crdit compensatoire de carboneGA citeamh carbin
HU kibocstskompenzcis egysg
IT credito di compensazione delleemissioni di CO2
EN carbon o set
A unit of carbon dioxide equivalent that is reduced, avoided, or sequestered to compensate for emissions occurring elsewhere.
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LT anglies dioksido kompensacinis vienetas
LV ogleka dioksda emisiju izldzinanas vienba
MT kreditu kumpensatorju tal-karbonju
NL CO2-compensatiecredit
PL kompensacja emisji
PT crdito de compensao de carbono
RO credit de compensare a emisiilor deCO2
SK kompenzcia emisi CO2
SL nadomestilo za (izpust) ogljik(-a)
SV utslppskompensation
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BG
CS jednotka ovenho snen emis
DA godkendt emissionsreduktionsenhed
DE zerti zierte
EmissionsreduktionseinheitEL
ES unidad de reduccin certi cada deemisiones
ET tendatud heitkoguste vhendamisehik
FI serti oitu pstvhennys
FR unit de rduction certi e desmissions
GA aonad an laghdaithe dheimhnithe arastaochta
HU igazolt kibocstscskkentsi egysg
EN certifed emission reduction unit
Unit generated from a CleanDevelopment Mechanism project activity, certifying an emissionreduction of one tonne of carbondioxide equivalent.
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IT unit di riduzione certi cata delleemissioni
LT patvirtintas imetamj teralmainimo vienetas
LV serti cta emisijas samazinanas vienba
MT unit ta tnaqqis ierti kat tal-emissjonijiet
NL gecerti ceerde emissiereductie-eenheid
PL jednostka powiadczonej redukcjiemisji
PT unidade de reduo certi cada deemisses
RO reducere de emisii certi catSK jednotka certi kovanho znenia
emisi
SL enota potrjenega zmanjanja emisij
SV certi erad utslppsminskning
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BG
CS mechanismus istho rozvoje
DA CDM-mekanismen
DE Mechanismus fr umweltvertrglicheEntwicklung
EL
ES Mecanismo de Desarrollo Limpio
ET puhta arengu mehhanism
FI puhtaan kehityksen mekanismi
FR mcanisme pour un dveloppementpropre
GA meicnocht glan orbraochta
HU tiszta fejlesztsi mechanizmus
EN Clean Development Mechanism
(CDM)
De ned in Article 12 of the KyotoProtocol, a mechanism allowing acountry with an emission reduction or emission limitation commitment under the Kyoto Protocol (Annex B Party) toimplement an emission reduction project in developing countries.
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IT meccanismo per lo sviluppo pulito
LT varios pltros mechanizmas
LV tras attstbas mehnisms
MT mekkanimu gal vilupp nadif
NL mechanisme voor schone ontwikkeling
PL mechanizm czystego rozwoju
PT Mecanismo de DesenvolvimentoLimpo
RO mecanism de dezvoltare nepoluant
SK mechanizmus istho rozvoja
SL mehanizem istega razvoja
SV mekanism fr ren utveckling
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BG CS zmna klimatu DA klimandringer DE Klimawandel
EL
ES cambio climtico
ET kliimamuutused
FI ilmastonmuutos
FR changement climatique
GA an t-athr aeride HU ghajlatvltozs
EN climate change
A change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in additionto natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods.
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IT cambiamenti climatici
LT klimato kaita LV klimata prmaias
MT tibdil l-klima
NL klimaatverandering
PL zmiana klimatu PT alteraes climticas
RO schimbri climatice
SK zmena klmy
SL podnebne spremembeSV klimatfrndringar
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20
BG
CS zmrovn zmny klimatu DA modvirkning af klimandringer
DE KlimaschutzMitigation EL
ES mitigacin del cambio climtico
ET kliimamuutuste leevendamine
FI ilmastonmuutoksen hillitseminen
FR attnuation des changementsclimatiques
GA maol ar an athr aeride HU az ghajlatvltozs mrsklse
EN climate change mitigation
Action to reduce the net amount of greenhouse gases released into theatmosphere, and thus help to slow downthe process of climate change resulting from human activities.
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21
IT mitigazione dei cambiamenti climatici
LT klimato kaitos velninimas
LV klimata prmaiu seku mazinana
MT mitigazzjoni tat-tibdil l-klima
NL mitigatie van klimaatverandering
PL agodzenie zmiany klimatu
PT mitigao das alteraes climticas
RO atenuarea schimbrilor climatice
SK zmiernenie zmeny klmy
SL blaitev podnebnih spremembSV begrnsning av klimatfrndringarna
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BG
CS kontroln obdob
DA forpligtelsesperiode
DE Verp ichtungszeitraum
EL
ES perodo de compromiso
ET kohustusperiood
FI velvoitekausi
FR priode dengagement
GA trimhse gealltanaisHU ktelezettsgvllalsi idszak
IT periodo di adempimento
EN commitment period
Five-year period in which the Parties tothe Kyoto Protocol undertake to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
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LT sipareigojim laikotarpis
LV saistbu periods
MT perijodu ta impenn
NL verbintenisperiode
PL okres rozliczeniowy
PT perodo de compromissoperodo de cumprimento
RO perioad de angajament
SK zvzn obdobie
SL ciljno obdobje
SV tagandeperiod
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BG
CS emisn povolenka
DA emissionskvote
DE Emissionszerti kat
EL
ES derechos de emisin
ET saastekvoot
FI pstoikeus
FR quota dmission
GA lamhltas astaochtaHU kibocstsi egysg
EN emission allowance
Within the context of the EU Emissionsrading Scheme (EU E S), theentitlement to emit a tonne of carbondioxide or an amount of any other greenhouse gas with an equivalent global warming potential during aspeci ed period.
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IT quota di emissione
LT apyvartinis taros leidimas
LV emisijas kvota
MT kwota tal-emissjonijiet
NL emissierecht
PL uprawnienie do emisji
PT licena de emisso
RO certi cat de emisii
SK emisn kvta
SL pravica do emisijeSV utslppsrtt
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BG
CS jednotka snen emis
DA emissionsreduktionsenhed
DE Emissionsreduktionseinheit
EL
ES unidad de reduccin de emisiones
ET heitkoguste vhendamise hik
FI pstvhennysyksikk
FR unit de rduction des missions
GA aonad an laghdaithe ar astaochtaHU kibocstscskkentsi egysg
EN emission reduction unit (ERU)
Unit generated from a Joint Implementation activity, certifying an emission reduction of one tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent.
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27
IT unit di riduzione delle emissioni
LT imetamj teral mainimo vienetas
LV emisijas samazinanas vienba
MT unit ta tnaqqis tal-emissjonijiet
NL emissiereductie-eenheid
PL jednostka redukcji emisji
PT unidade de reduo de emisses
RO unitate de reducere a emisiilor
SK jednotka znenia emisi
SL enota zmanjanja emisijSV utslppsminskningsenhet
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BG
CS snen emis
DA emissionsreduktion
DE Emissionsminderung
EmissionsreduktionEL
ES reduccin de emisiones
ET heitkoguste vhendamine
FI pstvhennys
FR rduction des missions
GA laghd ar astaochta
HU kibocstscskkents
EN emissions reduction
emissions abatement
Reduction in emissions(e.g. of greenhouse gases).
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IT riduzione delle emissioni
LT imetamj teral mainimas LV emisiju samazinana
MT tnaqqis tal-emissjonijiet
NL emissiereductie
PL redukcja emisji
PT reduo das emisses
RO reducere a emisiilor
SK zniovanie emisi
SL zmanjanje emisijSV utslppsminskning
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BG
CS obchodovn s emisemi
DA emissionshandel
DE Emissionszerti katehandelEL
ES comercio de derechos de emisin
ET heitkogustega kauplemine
FI pstkauppa
FR change de droits dmission
GA trdil astaochta
HU kibocstskereskedelem
EN emissions trading
A market-based approach to achieving environmental objectives that allowsthose reducing e.g. greenhouse gasemissions below what is required to useor trade the excess reductions to o set emissions at another source inside or outside the country.
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IT scambio di quote di emissione LT prekyba apyvartiniais taros leidimais
LV emisiju tirdzniecba
MT skambju ta kwoti tal-emissjonijiet
NL emissiehandel
PL handel uprawnieniami do emisji
PT comrcio de emissescomrcio de licenas de emisso
RO comercializare a certi catelor de emisii
SK obchodovanie s emisiami
SL trgovanje z emisijami
SV handel med utslppsrtter
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BG CS systm EU pro obchodovn s emisemi
DA EUs emissionshandelssystem
DE Emissionshandelssystem der EU
EL
ES rgimen de comercio de derechos deemisin de la Unin Europea
ET ELi heitkogustega kauplemise ssteem
FI EU:n pstkauppajrjestelm
FR systme dchange de quotas
dmission de gaz e et de serre delUE GA Scim an AE maidir le Trdil
Astaochta
EN EU Emissions Trading Scheme
(EU ETS)
Company-level cap-and-trade systemof allowances for emitting carbondioxide and other greenhouse gases,launched by the EU at the beginning of 2005.
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HU az EU kibocstskereskedelmirendszere
IT sistema di scambio di quote diemissione dellUE
LT ES apyvartini taros leidim prekybossistema
LV ES emisiju kvotu tirdzniecbas sistmaMT skema tal-UE gall-iskambju ta kwoti
tal-emissjonijiet
NL EU-regeling voor de emissiehandel
PL unijny system handlu uprawnieniamido emisji
PT Regime de Comrcio de Emisses daUERegime de Comrcio de Licenas deEmisso da UE
RO schema UE de comercializare acerti catelor de emisii
SK systm E na obchodovanie s emisiami
SL sistem EU za trgovanje z emisijami
SV EU:s utslppshandelssystem
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BG
CS Zelen fond pro zmnu klimatu
DA Den Grnne Klimafond
DE Globaler Klimaschutzfonds
EL
ES Fondo Verde para el Clima
ET Roheline Kliimafond
FI vihre ilmastorahasto
FR Fonds vert pour le climat
GA an Ciste Glas don AeridHU ghajlat-vltozsi Alap
EN Green Climate Fund
Operating entity provided for under the Copenhagen Accord to support projects, programmes, policies and other activities in developing countriesrelated to mitigation.
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IT Fondo verde per il clima
LT Ekologinis klimato fondas
LV Klimata prmaiu mazinanas fonds
MT Fond ekoloiku gall-klima
NL Groen Klimaatfonds
PL ekofundusz klimatyczny
PT Fundo Verde para o Clima
RO Fondul verde pentru clim
SK Zelen klimatick fond
SL Zeleni podnebni skladSV grn klimatfond
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IT gas a e etto serra
LT iltnamio efekt sukelianios dujos
LV siltumncefekta gze
MT gass serra
NL broeikasgas
PL gaz cieplarniany
PT gs com efeito de estufa
RO gaz cu efect de ser
SK sklenkov plyn
SL toplogredni plinSV vxthusgas
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BG
CS Mezivldn panel pro zmnu klimatu
DA Det Mellemstatslige Panel omKlimandringer
DE ZwischenstaatlicheSachverstndigengruppe fr Klimafragen
EL
ES Grupo Intergubernamental de Expertos
sobre el Cambio Climtico
ET valitsustevaheline kliimamuutuste
rhmFI hallitustenvlinen
ilmastonmuutospaneeli
FR Groupe dexperts intergouvernementalsur lvolution du climat
EN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC)
A scienti c intergovernmental body established to provide decision-makersand others interested in climate changewith an objective source of informationabout climate change.
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GA an Painal Idir-Rialtasach ar an AthrAeride
HU ghajlat-vltozsi KormnykziTestlet
IT Gruppo intergovernativo di esperti sulcambiamento climatico
LT Tarpvyriausybin klimato kaitos
komisija
LV Klimata prmaiu starpvaldbupadome
MT Grupp Intergovernattiv ta Esperti dwarit-Tibdil l-Klima
NL Intergouvernementele Werkgroepinzake klimaatverandering
PL Midzyrzdowy Zesp ds. ZmianKlimatu
PT Painel Intergovernamental sobre asAlteraes Climticas
RO Grupul interguvernamental privindschimbrile climatice
SK Medzivldny panel o zmene klmy
SL Medvladni odbor za podnebnespremembe
SV FN:s forskningspanel i klimatfrgor
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BG
CS spolen provdn
DA flles gennemfrelse
DE Gemeinsame Umsetzung
EL
ES aplicacin conjunta
ET hisrakendus
FI yhteistoteutusFR mise en uvre conjointe
GA cur chun feidhme ar bhonncomhphirteach
EN Joint Implementation (JI)
Mechanism de ned in Article 6 of theKyoto Protocol, which allows a country with an emission reduction or limitationcommitment under the Kyoto Protocol (Annex B Party) to earn emission reductionunits from an emission reduction or emission removal project in another Annex B Party, each equivalent to one tonne of carbon dioxide, which can be counted towards meeting its Kyoto target.
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HU egyttes vgrehajts
IT attuazione congiunta
LT bendras gyvendinimas
LV kopga stenoana
MT implimentazzjoni konunta
NL gezamenlijke uitvoering
PL mechanizm wsplnego wdroenia
PT Implementao Conjunta
RO implementare n comun
SK spolon plnenieSL skupno izvajanje
SV gemensamt genomfrande
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BG
CS Kjtsk protokol k Rmcov mluv
Organizace spojench nrod o zmnklimatu
DA Kyotoprotokollen til De Forenede Nationers
rammekonvention om klimandringerDE Protokoll von Kyoto zum
Rahmenbereinkommen der VereintenNationen ber Klimanderungen
EL -
ES Protocolo de Kyoto de la Convencin Marcode las Naciones Unidas sobre el CambioClimtico
ET hinenud Rahvaste Organisatsioonikliimamuutuste raamkonventsiooni Kyotoprotokoll
FI ilmastonmuutosta koskevan YhdistyneidenKansakuntien puitesopimuksen Kioton
pytkirjaFR Protocole de Kyoto la Convention-cadre des
Nations unies sur les changements climatiques
EN Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations
Framework Convention on Climate ChangeKyoto Protocol
An international agreement, linked to theUnited Nations Framework Conventionon Climate Change, which commitsindustrialised countries to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
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GA Prtacal Kyoto a ghabhann le Creat-Choinbhinsin na Nisin Aontaithe ar anAthr Aeride
HU Kioti Jegyzknyv az Egyeslt Nemzetek ghajlat-vltozsi Keretegyezmnyhez
IT Protocollo di Kyoto alla convenzione quadrodelle Nazioni Unite sui cambiamenti climatici
LT Jungtini Taut bendrosios klimato kaitoskonvencijos Kioto protokolas
LV Apvienoto Nciju Organizcijas Visprjskonvencijas par klimata prmaim Kiotoprotokols
MT Protokoll ta Kjoto gall-Konvenzjoni Qafastan-Nazzjonijiet Uniti dwar it-Tibdil l-Klima
NL Protocol van Kyoto bij het Raamverdrag van de Verenigde Naties inzakeklimaatverandering
PL Protok z Kioto do Ramowej konwencjiNarodw Zjednoczonych w sprawie zmianklimatu
PT Protocolo de Quioto Conveno-Quadro dasNaes Unidas sobre Alteraes Climticas
RO Protocolul de la Kyoto la Convenia-cadrua Organizaiei Naiunilor Unite asupraschimbrilor climatice
SK Kjtsky protokol k Rmcovmu dohovoruOrganizcie Spojench nrodov o zmeneklmy
SL Kjotski protokol k Okvirni konvenciji
Zdruenih narodov o spremembi podnebjaSV Kyotoprotokollet till Frenta nationernas
ramkonvention om klimatfrndringar
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BG
CS nzkouhlkov technologie
DA lav-CO2-teknologi
DE CO2-arme TechnologieTechnologie mit geringem CO2-Aussto
EL
ES tecnologa de baja emisin de carbono
ET vhese CO2-heitega tehnoloogia
FI vhhiilinen teknologia
FR technologie faible mission decarbonetechnologie sobre en carbone
GA teicneolaocht sealcharbin
HU alacsony szn-dioxid-kibocststechnolgia
EN low-carbon technology
echnology which results in reduced emissions of carbon dioxide compared with conventional technology.
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IT tecnologia a bassa emissione di CO2
LT mao anglies dioksido kiekiotechnologija
LV zemas ogleka emisijas tehnoloija
MT teknoloija bemissjoni baxxa takarbonju
NL koolstofarme technologie
PL technologia niskoemisyjna
PT tecnologia hipocarbnicatecnologia de baixo carbono
RO tehnologie cu emisii reduse de dioxid
de carbonSK nzkouhlkov technolgia
SL nizkoogljina tehnologija
SV koldioxidsnl teknik
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BG
CS propad
DA drn
DE Senke
EL
ES sumidero
ET siduja
FI nielu
FR puits
GA linnHU nyel
EN sink
Any process, activity or mechanismwhich removes a greenhouse gas, anaerosol or a precursor of a greenhouse gas from the atmosphere.
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IT pozzo
LT absorbentas
LV piesaisttjs
MT bir
NL put
PL pochaniacz
PT sumidouro RO mijloc de absorbie
SK zchyt
SL ponorSV snka
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All terms in this brochure derive from ourterminology database,IATE (InterActiveTerminology forEurope).IATE is alivedatabase , continually updated, witharound140 new terms added every working day!
So, for the latest terminology please check:
http://iate.europa.eu
Questions? Feedback? Please contact us:
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General Secretariat of the Council
Climate ChangeKey Terms in 23 languages
2011 48 p. 10.5 x 21cm
ISBN 978-92-824-2927-3doi:10.2860/78767
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Rue de la Loi/Wetstraat 1751048 Bruxelles/Brussel
BELGIQUE/BELGITel. +32 22816111
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doi:10.2860/78767