goal 5 part 1 industry expansion & big business / labor
TRANSCRIPT
Why an INDUSTRIAL BOOM? ___________________________
(oil, coal, iron ore, water)
Without these: Slower growth for America Government support for Business Growing population that provided cheap labor
and new markets for products
*__________________________“BLACK GOLD” FIRST to successfully use a ________to drill
________ near ________________ Who invented the “steam engine?”
FIRST “oil well” in America
________________/ “___________”
Problem – ________ (which is turned into steel) has other elements (__________________)
In order to make a profit with efficient iron….get the carbon out!!!
Developed by ____________________ POINT: remove the imperfect elements out of the iron Successful – __________ of the nation’s steel was
produced this way! First used by ____________________________
New Uses of Steel
_________ (linked _________________) Who did most of the work?
_____________ All innovative construction
(Brooklyn Bridge -1883)
(Skyscrapers…etc.)
Innovations promote change…leads to inventions – boosts the economy!
Inventions promote change
___________– Light bulb _________________– Typewriter
(women in the workforce) _______________– Telephone
(provides communication
& connection)
T.Q. The work of which American inventor had the GREATEST effect on the growth of industry?
A. George WestinghouseB. Alexander Graham BellC. Christopher SholesD. Henry Bessemer
How did the railroads both benefit from and contribute to the industrialization of the United States?
a. the railroads needed government protection and their development helped the government grow
b. the R.R. used new inventions and brought people to see the invention
c. the R.R. used steel and coal and delivered both to new markets
d. the R.R. needed passengers, and passengers needed to get to new markets
_______________
Railroad Mogul (railcars) Provided a “_______________”
homes, schools, hospitals for his workers Problem: You constantly were in _______ / Very controlling! ____________________(later)
- raised the rent, but DID NOT give out raises! = leads to violent strike in 1894!
Monopoly
One business that “___________” the market over a particular product or service
Characteristics:(1) ___________________________________________________________________(1) can charge _____________________(2) makes ________________because of NO
competition(3) Restrict ____________________________
Industrial Moguls
Examples of Industrialists / Monopolists / Tycoons or
“____________________”
(1) __________________
(2) John D. ___________
(3) __________________
(4) Cornelius __________
Andrew CarnegieWHY HE WAS SUCCESSFUL -
(1) ______________________* (younger = poor, older = rich), supported charities*creates the
(2) ***_____________________________*** - the Monopolist or industrialist millionaires “______________” to charities!• “_____________________” – the act of giving
back to the community (Carnegie – responsibility)(3) Carnegie “STEEL” Company” (1899)
(4) _____________________________(5) _____________________________Integration
(business strategies)(6) ___________________________________
** Vertical Integration **** Horizontal Integration** Practiced by Andrew Carnegie
Vertical Integration: process in which Carnegie “______________________” (iron mines, railroad systems) WHY????
Horizontal Integration: process in which Carnegie “_____________________________”
smaller companies merge into Carnegie Steel Company
Vertical and Horizontal Integration
Resources Resources Resources
Farms / Forrests
Manufacturing Manufacturing ManufacturingProduction / Processing
Distribution Distribution Distribution Shipping and Transportation
SOCIAL DARWINISM (Social Philosophy)“__________________________________” - Trying to apply biological reasoning to society• Some individuals of a species “_____________-” and pass their traits to
their next generation, while others do not flourish. • 1859 English naturalist _____________: ___________________________• “________________________”• Can explain the success of _____________________________________
Why does Laissez Faire SUPPORT Social Darwinism (vice versa)?• “___________________________” government
• “allow to do” – NO government regulation of business / economy / “Pure / fair Competition” “___________________________________” –
Answer: to allow the “fittest to survive” NATURALLY without government intervention.
What explains Andrew Carnegie’s Success Rags to Riches Gospel of Wealth Bessemer Process Vertical Integration Horizontal Integration Social Darwinism
John D. Rockefeller
creates the “______________________” “______________________” (RUTHLESS)
Sold his oil at a very LOW price to make people buy the product from him, while other companies had HIGH prices / once you control the market….hike the prices back up!
Richest man in history Philanthropist
_____________ (1880s-early 1900s)- Stockholders from numerous companies
would hand over / coerced their shares / stocks to the a board of trustees (TRUST).
- In return, the stockholders make a profit from the “offer” of the trust
- Money is fed into monopoly- Dictate prices and charge whatever they want!- (PRICE FIXING)
MAIN POINT of a TRUST: _______________________
________________________________________
_______________________(1890) - Purpose: an attempt by the federal government to
“____________________” businesses & to promote ________________________ First legislation to attempt to limit trusts by claiming
unfair trading options Result of Sherman Anti-Trust Act __________________(until Teddy Roosevelt and
Woodrow Wilson years = _________________________________)
(Language too vague to enforce / pressure from fed. gov’t = trusts will get around it and SPLIT!!!!!)
Granger Laws through Sherman Anti - Trust Act
- against railroad abuses
- More power to the “STATES” and uphold
Granger law
- “interstate commerce”
- Interstate Commerce Commission –
Enforce federal control of Interstate commerce
- Prohibited monopolies / trusts
Business Boom “___________” the South
Reason:South is still ___________________(economic
stagnation)Only thing that offered hope – tobacco, textiles,
furniture, etc.(Cotton is no longer King! = tobacco)*Result of consolidation of monopolies - _______________________ are emerging & _____________________
Address how each topic / person / theme below expressed a “positive and negative” impact on America during the industrial agep. 436-450 / Goal 5 part 1 Natural Resources Inventions Bessemer Process Railroads George Pullman Munn V. Illinois Granger Laws Interstate Commerce Act Andrew Carnegie Vertical and Horizontal Integration Social Darwinism John Rockefeller Monopoly / Trusts Sherman Antitrust Act Consolidation of Monopolies