Goal, mission and objectives Goal, mission and objectives of theof the

Strategic Framework Strategic Framework and and

guide questionsguide questions

What is a Strategic Framework (SF) for AQM?What is a Strategic Framework (SF) for AQM?

A SF for AQM is a broad high-level approach, A SF for AQM is a broad high-level approach, which is flexible and adaptable to the needs of which is flexible and adaptable to the needs of different countries and cities. It highlights the most different countries and cities. It highlights the most important components of a rational and systematic important components of a rational and systematic AQM system. It gives general and detailed AQM system. It gives general and detailed recommendations on means and instruments to recommendations on means and instruments to solve air pollution problems in urban areas in a solve air pollution problems in urban areas in a harmonised approach on national and local levels.harmonised approach on national and local levels.

Target groups for a SF:Target groups for a SF:

Primary:Primary:• Policymakers at the national and local levelPolicymakers at the national and local level• Implementing agenciesImplementing agencies

Secondary:Secondary:• IndustriesIndustries• MediaMedia• NGOsNGOs• AcademiaAcademia• OtherOther

Goal of the SF on AQMGoal of the SF on AQM

To contribute to the improvement of indoor and To contribute to the improvement of indoor and outdoor air quality and prevention of deterioration in outdoor air quality and prevention of deterioration in

the countries of the Asian region aiming atthe countries of the Asian region aiming atsustainable human development and sustainable human development and

protecting human and ecosystem health with equity protecting human and ecosystem health with equity and under consideration of cost-effectivenessand under consideration of cost-effectiveness

Mission of the SF on AQMMission of the SF on AQM

To contribute to the strengthening of the technical and To contribute to the strengthening of the technical and institutional capabilities and the mechanisms for co-institutional capabilities and the mechanisms for co-

operation on urban air pollution among countries in the operation on urban air pollution among countries in the Asian region.Asian region.

To assist in the implementation of plans and To assist in the implementation of plans and programmes to prevent and improve indoor and programmes to prevent and improve indoor and

outdoor air quality based on standards and regulations outdoor air quality based on standards and regulations that protect human health and the environment, aiming that protect human health and the environment, aiming

at sustainable human development.at sustainable human development.

Objectives of the SF on AQMObjectives of the SF on AQM

• To include or strengthen the concept of air quality, health and To include or strengthen the concept of air quality, health and environment in national laws, regulations, plans and environment in national laws, regulations, plans and strategies of Asian countries;strategies of Asian countries;

• To establish or strengthen national and local air quality To establish or strengthen national and local air quality management programmes;management programmes;

• To establish or strengthen surveillance programmes of air To establish or strengthen surveillance programmes of air pollution impacts on health and the environment and to pollution impacts on health and the environment and to implement operative research programmes on these issues;implement operative research programmes on these issues;

• To inform, educate, train, and strengthen public participation To inform, educate, train, and strengthen public participation in all aspects related to air quality, health and environment, in all aspects related to air quality, health and environment, including air pollution reduction and prevention;including air pollution reduction and prevention;

• To establish self-sustainable mechanisms in national and To establish self-sustainable mechanisms in national and local programmes on air quality, health and the environment.local programmes on air quality, health and the environment.

SF has six programmatic areas:SF has six programmatic areas:

1.1. Policies, standards and regulationsPolicies, standards and regulations2.2. Air quality managementAir quality management3.3. Air pollution impact on health and the environmentAir pollution impact on health and the environment4.4. Public awarenessPublic awareness5.5. Capacity enhancementCapacity enhancement6.6. Programme financingProgramme financing

Areas 1-3 are the bases of the SF while 4-6 support the Areas 1-3 are the bases of the SF while 4-6 support the other three.other three.

1.1. Policies, standards and regulations IPolicies, standards and regulations I1.1. ObjectiveObjective

To include or strengthen the concept of air quality, health and To include or strengthen the concept of air quality, health and environment in laws, regulations, plans and strategies and environment in laws, regulations, plans and strategies and set up appropriate institutions in the Region, within the wider set up appropriate institutions in the Region, within the wider framework of environmental protection and conservationframework of environmental protection and conservation

2.2. Expected results and activities:Expected results and activities:-- National laws, standards and regulations on air qualityNational laws, standards and regulations on air quality-- National and local institutions with capability to National and local institutions with capability to

enforce and manage environmental quality laws and enforce and manage environmental quality laws and regulationsregulations

-- Air quality incorporated into regional, sub-regional, Air quality incorporated into regional, sub-regional, national and local plans and policies that are national and local plans and policies that are

understandable and acceptable for all stakeholders.understandable and acceptable for all stakeholders.

1.1. Policies, standards and regulations IIPolicies, standards and regulations II

2.2. Expected results and activities (cont.):Expected results and activities (cont.):- - Adaptation and use of environmentally sound Adaptation and use of environmentally sound technologies technologies in AQMin AQM- - Considering and understanding the use of appropriate Considering and understanding the use of appropriate

technologiestechnologies- - Integration of AQM within the overall national Integration of AQM within the overall national development development frameworkframework- - Building of partnerships among countries , and for all Building of partnerships among countries , and for all

stakeholders within a country.stakeholders within a country.

2.2. Air quality managementAir quality management

1.1. ObjectiveObjectiveTo establish or strengthen national and local outdoor and To establish or strengthen national and local outdoor and indoor air quality management programmes, and assist in indoor air quality management programmes, and assist in implemetation within intersectoral co-ordination.implemetation within intersectoral co-ordination.

2.2. Expected results and activities:Expected results and activities:-- National and local outdoor and indoor air quality National and local outdoor and indoor air quality

management programmes. management programmes. - - The programmes should contain four specific areas: The programmes should contain four specific areas:

air quality surveillance; air quality surveillance; emission controls; emission controls; air pollution prevention; air pollution prevention; information, training and public information, training and public

communication.communication.

3.3. Assessment of air pollution impact on healthAssessment of air pollution impact on health

1.1. ObjectiveObjectiveTo establish or strengthen programmes for the surveillance To establish or strengthen programmes for the surveillance of air pollution impact on health and the environment and of air pollution impact on health and the environment and to carry out operative research programmes on this issueto carry out operative research programmes on this issue

2.2. Expected results and activities:Expected results and activities:-- National and local programmes for the surveiilance of National and local programmes for the surveiilance of

air pollution effects on health. air pollution effects on health. - - These programmes should have a permanent These programmes should have a permanent

recording system of morbidity and mortality cases recording system of morbidity and mortality cases associated with air pollution, risk assessment, effective associated with air pollution, risk assessment, effective information systems, and standardized calculation of information systems, and standardized calculation of the social costs of air pollution on health.the social costs of air pollution on health.

4. 4. Raising of public awarenessRaising of public awareness

1.1. ObjectiveObjectiveTo strengthen public participation in all aspects related to To strengthen public participation in all aspects related to air quality, health and the environment, prevention, and air quality, health and the environment, prevention, and reduction of air pollution.reduction of air pollution.

2.2. Expected results and activities:Expected results and activities:-- A concerted awareness system directed to A concerted awareness system directed to

policy makers, political leaders, entrepreneurs, policy makers, political leaders, entrepreneurs, and general public on the importance of outdoor and and general public on the importance of outdoor and indoor air pollution prevention and reduction.indoor air pollution prevention and reduction.

5.5. Capacity enhancementCapacity enhancement

1.1. ObjectiveObjectiveTo inform, educate, and train all stakeholders in all aspects To inform, educate, and train all stakeholders in all aspects related to air quality, health and the environment, related to air quality, health and the environment, prevention, and reduction of air pollution.prevention, and reduction of air pollution.

2.2. Expected results and activities:Expected results and activities:-- Capacity encement for policy makers, political Capacity encement for policy makers, political leaders, leaders, entrepreneurs, and general public on the entrepreneurs, and general public on the importance of importance of training, education, and information on training, education, and information on outdoor and outdoor and indoor air pollution prevention and indoor air pollution prevention and reduction.reduction.

6.6. FinancingFinancing

1.1. ObjectiveObjectiveTo establish mechanisms for sustainability in national and To establish mechanisms for sustainability in national and local air quality, health and environment programmes.local air quality, health and environment programmes.

2.2. Expected results and activities:Expected results and activities:--Operational short, medium and long-term Operational short, medium and long-term

programmes programmes to promote self-sustainability of the to promote self-sustainability of the national and local national and local programmes of air quality, health, and programmes of air quality, health, and the environment.the environment.

Guide questions: Working Group 1 PolicyGuide questions: Working Group 1 Policy

1.1. What needs to be done to improve policies and What needs to be done to improve policies and programmes on AQM at the regional, national, programmes on AQM at the regional, national, state/provincial, local levels and by different stakeholders: state/provincial, local levels and by different stakeholders: E.g. Governments, NGOs and civil societies, private sector (corporate E.g. Governments, NGOs and civil societies, private sector (corporate

and business groups), academia and international organizationsand business groups), academia and international organizations??

2.2. What needs to be done to improve the implementation of What needs to be done to improve the implementation of policies and programmes on AQM at the regional, national, policies and programmes on AQM at the regional, national, state/provincial, local levels and by which stakeholders:state/provincial, local levels and by which stakeholders: E.g. Governments, NGOs and civil societies, private sector (corporate E.g. Governments, NGOs and civil societies, private sector (corporate

and business groups), academia and international organizationsand business groups), academia and international organizations??

3.3. What are the priorities of the support you would like see What are the priorities of the support you would like see from the regional or international organizations?from the regional or international organizations?

Working group 1: Responses to Question 1 Working group 1: Responses to Question 1 Improve policies and programmesImprove policies and programmes

• Political commitment at the highest levelPolitical commitment at the highest level• Policy advisors providing politicians with decision support toolsPolicy advisors providing politicians with decision support tools• Identification and mobilisation of national resourcesIdentification and mobilisation of national resources• Economic feasibility including cost-benefit considerationsEconomic feasibility including cost-benefit considerations• Regulations, development and improvementRegulations, development and improvement• Improved communication strategy to ‘‘sell‘‘ policiesImproved communication strategy to ‘‘sell‘‘ policies• Environmental Impact Assessment for projectsEnvironmental Impact Assessment for projects• Conditional grants relating to improving environment; Conditional grants relating to improving environment;

Recommendations from non-funding agenciesRecommendations from non-funding agencies• NetworkingNetworking• Integrative approachIntegrative approach• Open-minded consultations and discussion among stakeholdersOpen-minded consultations and discussion among stakeholders

Working group 1: Responses to Question 2Working group 1: Responses to Question 2Improve implementationImprove implementation

• High level commitment of governmentHigh level commitment of government• Capacity building and enhancementCapacity building and enhancement• Prioritisation of projects with respect to air quality Prioritisation of projects with respect to air quality • Improve co-ordination, identify and clarify problemsImprove co-ordination, identify and clarify problems• Appropriate technology use in air quality management Appropriate technology use in air quality management • InventoriesInventories• Better communication amongst stakeholders including NGOsBetter communication amongst stakeholders including NGOs• Follow management procedures and optimise themFollow management procedures and optimise them• PublicationsPublications• Media useMedia use

Working group 1: Responses to Question 3Working group 1: Responses to Question 3Priorities for supportPriorities for support

• Technical and legal advice and tools developed by international Technical and legal advice and tools developed by international

organisationsorganisations e.g. e.g. WHO, UNEP etcWHO, UNEP etc• Dissemination of best practice and lessons learnt including the Dissemination of best practice and lessons learnt including the

adaptation of international guidelines to the needs of countriesadaptation of international guidelines to the needs of countries• Inter-regional collaborative mechanisms and networkingInter-regional collaborative mechanisms and networking• Exchange of experiences between technical institutionsExchange of experiences between technical institutions• DatabasesDatabases• Co-ordination and synergy of international programmes on urban Co-ordination and synergy of international programmes on urban

air pollution e.g. CAI-Asia, APMAair pollution e.g. CAI-Asia, APMA• Teaching funding agencies‘ terminologyTeaching funding agencies‘ terminology

Guide questions:Guide questions: Working Group 2 Impact Working Group 2 Impact Assessment and Public Assessment and Public

AwarenessAwareness

1.1. What needs to be done to improve health and environmental impact What needs to be done to improve health and environmental impact assessment and to raise public awareness on the impacts at the assessment and to raise public awareness on the impacts at the regional, national, state/provincial, local levels and by different regional, national, state/provincial, local levels and by different stakeholders: stakeholders:

E.g. Governments, NGOs and civil societies, private sector E.g. Governments, NGOs and civil societies, private sector (corporate and business groups), academia and international (corporate and business groups), academia and international organizationsorganizations??

2.2. What needs to be done to improve impact assessment methodologies What needs to be done to improve impact assessment methodologies and procedures for raising public awareness on health and and procedures for raising public awareness on health and environmental impacts and by different stakeholders: environmental impacts and by different stakeholders:

E.g. Governments, NGOs and civil societies, private sector E.g. Governments, NGOs and civil societies, private sector (corporate and business groups), academia and international (corporate and business groups), academia and international

organizationsorganizations??

3.3. What are the priorities of the support you would like see from the What are the priorities of the support you would like see from the

regional or international organizations?regional or international organizations?

Working group 2: Responses to Question 1Working group 2: Responses to Question 1IssuesIssues AllAll LocalLocal NationalNational RegionalRegional

Prediction and assessment Prediction and assessment of health & environmental of health & environmental impactimpact

NGOs, NGOs, hospitals, local hospitals, local governmentgovernment

Academia, Academia, government government authorities and NGOsauthorities and NGOs

APMA & CAI-Asia, APMA & CAI-Asia, ASEAN, SACEP, ASEAN, SACEP, WHO, SAARCWHO, SAARC

Appropriate ambient AQ Appropriate ambient AQ StandardsStandards

All levelsAll levels Local Local governmentgovernment

National Govt. in National Govt. in collaoboration with collaoboration with industry and industry and academiaacademia

International International institutionsinstitutions

QA/QC for Air Quality QA/QC for Air Quality Monitoring StandardsMonitoring Standards

All levelsAll levels Local Local governmentgovernment

Government Government authoritiesauthorities

International International institutionsinstitutions

Research on Health Impacts Research on Health Impacts & Environmental Impacts& Environmental Impacts

All levels – All levels – academia, academia, government and government and R&D institutesR&D institutes

Dissemination of exisiting Dissemination of exisiting information on health and information on health and environmental impactsenvironmental impacts

All levels – e.g. All levels – e.g. international international agencies, national agencies, national local govt., NGOs,local govt., NGOs,

Make clear the Make clear the costs/benefits of AQM for costs/benefits of AQM for healthhealth

All levles – all All levles – all stakeholdersstakeholders

AQ & Health information AQ & Health information system & networkingsystem & networking

All levels – e.g. All levels – e.g. local and local and provincial provincial government.government.

Capacity Capacity building/institutional building/institutional strengtheningstrengthening

All levelsAll levels Priority – Priority – implementing implementing monitoring and monitoring and education education agenciesagencies

IIMMPPRROOVVEE

IIMMPPAACCTT

Working group 2: Responses to Question 2Working group 2: Responses to Question 2Improve awareness raisingImprove awareness raising

IssuesIssues AllAll LocalLocal NationalNational RegionalRegional

Education on Education on AQMAQM

All levelsAll levels Eductional Eductional institutionsinstitutions

Educational institutionsEducational institutions

Dissemination Dissemination of user friendly of user friendly materialmaterial

All level – all All level – all stakeholders stakeholders involved in AQMinvolved in AQM

Working group 2: Conclusions of Question 1 & 2Working group 2: Conclusions of Question 1 & 2

Priorities among the issues identified:Priorities among the issues identified:

1.1. EducationEducation

2.2. Capacity building/Institutional developmentCapacity building/Institutional development

3.3. a) AQ & Health and Environmenta) AQ & Health and Environment Information system Information system

b) Appropriate outdoor AQ standards for b) Appropriate outdoor AQ standards for AQMAQM

Working group 2: Responses to Question 3Working group 2: Responses to Question 3

1.1. Support to persuade National Support to persuade National Governments to prioritise the issues Governments to prioritise the issues identifiedidentified

2.2. Support to implement education in Support to implement education in AQMat higher levelsAQMat higher levels

Guide questions: Working Group 3 Capacity Guide questions: Working Group 3 Capacity Enhancement and Financing Enhancement and Financing

1.1. What needs to be done to improve enhancement of AQM capacities at What needs to be done to improve enhancement of AQM capacities at the regional, national, state/provincial, local levels and by different the regional, national, state/provincial, local levels and by different stakeholders: stakeholders:

E.g. Governments, NGOs and civil societies, private sector E.g. Governments, NGOs and civil societies, private sector (corporate and business groups), academia and international (corporate and business groups), academia and international organizations?organizations?

2.2. How can different stakeholders, e.g. Governments, NGOs and civil How can different stakeholders, e.g. Governments, NGOs and civil societies, private sector (corporate and business groups), academia societies, private sector (corporate and business groups), academia and international organizations, have better access to financial and international organizations, have better access to financial resources at regional, national, state/provincial, local levels?resources at regional, national, state/provincial, local levels?

3.3. What are the priorities of the support you would like see from the What are the priorities of the support you would like see from the regional or international organizations?regional or international organizations?

Working group 3: Responses to Question 1 – Working group 3: Responses to Question 1 – Improve AQM capacityImprove AQM capacity

AQM AQM ComponentsComponents

RegionalRegional National National LocalLocal

Public Public awarenessawareness

XX XX XX

Access to Access to information e.g. information e.g. best practicebest practice

XX XX

TrainingTraining XX XX XX

Regulation & Regulation & PolicyPolicy

XX XX

Economic Economic instrumentsinstruments

XX XX

EnforcementEnforcement XX

Coordination Coordination and cooperation and cooperation e.g. regional e.g. regional levellevel

XX XX XX

InstitutionsInstitutions XX

Working group 3: Responses to Question 2 Working group 3: Responses to Question 2 Access to financial resourcesAccess to financial resources

• AQM competes with other sector for resources Therefore financial AQM competes with other sector for resources Therefore financial resources for AQM can be increased by increasing the total resources for AQM can be increased by increasing the total resources for all sectors and/or the share for AQM. The ability to resources for all sectors and/or the share for AQM. The ability to increase the AQM share will be dependent the ability to increase the AQM share will be dependent the ability to persuasively argue the case for AQM.persuasively argue the case for AQM.

• In order to increase revenues, innovative resources will need to be In order to increase revenues, innovative resources will need to be found e.g. pollution charges. To do this may require local found e.g. pollution charges. To do this may require local governments to be given power by higher levels of government.governments to be given power by higher levels of government.

• Other sources of revenues to local government could be special Other sources of revenues to local government could be special grants from national government and/or international grants from national government and/or international organisations. This will again dependent on the abiliy to argue the organisations. This will again dependent on the abiliy to argue the case for AQM.case for AQM.

Next steps

Report on RPD outcome mid January 2003Report on RPD outcome mid January 2003 Finalise draft Strategic Framework (SF) by March 2003Finalise draft Strategic Framework (SF) by March 2003 Cities/Countries to submit lacking information for Cities/Countries to submit lacking information for

Benchmarking Report (BR) by March 2003Benchmarking Report (BR) by March 2003 Discuss SF with participants on the CAI-Asia networkDiscuss SF with participants on the CAI-Asia network Send SF to cities/countries for review by April 2003Send SF to cities/countries for review by April 2003 Cities/Countries to undertake city/country review of the Cities/Countries to undertake city/country review of the

SF between April and July 2003 and report back to SF between April and July 2003 and report back to APMA/CAI-Asia by August 2003APMA/CAI-Asia by August 2003

Finalise BR by July 2003Finalise BR by July 2003 In connection with BAQ 2003 have another RPD to In connection with BAQ 2003 have another RPD to

present BR and SF and discuss the potential for present BR and SF and discuss the potential for national endorsement of the SFnational endorsement of the SF