goal-oriented requirements engineering: a guided tour
DESCRIPTION
This presentation was prepared by Ishara Amarasekera and Nadeera Meedin based on the paper, Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour by Axel van Lamsweerde. This presentation contains a summary of the content provided in this research paper and was presented as a paper discussion for the course, Requirements Engineering in Computer Science.TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering : A Guided Tour By Axel Van Lamsweerde
Present ByIshara AmarasekeraNadeera Meedin
![Page 2: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Introduction
1
![Page 3: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Background
2
![Page 4: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Background(Cont…)
3
![Page 5: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Modeling Goals
4
![Page 6: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Specifying Goals
5
![Page 7: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• Goal verification- Verify the requirements entail the goals identified
• Goal validation- Validate goals generating scenarios
• Goal-based requirements elaboration- Goal/requirement elicitation by refinement- Goal/requirement elicitation by abstraction- Goal Operationalization- Analogical Reuse- Obstacle-driven elaboration
• Conflict Management• Goal-based negotiation• Evolution management
Describe with a Case Study
Goal Reasoning
6
![Page 8: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
– NFR Framework• Modeling and Analysis of Non-functional requirements
– i*/Tropos• Agent-oriented, also for BPR, organizational impact analysis and software
process modeling– KAOS (Used in the research)
• Rich set of formal analysis techniques – GBRAM
• Identification and abstraction of goals from various sources of information
The Main GORE Approaches
7
![Page 9: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Knowledge Acquisition in autOmated Specification[4]
orKeep All Objects Satisfied[5]
The KAOS method
8
![Page 10: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The KAOS method
9
![Page 11: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• Goal identification from the initial document• Formalizing goals and identifying objects• Eliciting new goals through WHY questions• Eliciting new goals through HOW questions
Goal model and object model elaboration
10
![Page 12: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• Goal identification from the initial document
Uses GRAIL[2]
Clouds – soft goals
Parallelograms – Formalizable goals
Goal model and object model elaboration
11
![Page 13: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• Goal identification from the initial document• Formalizing goals and identifying objects• Eliciting new goals through WHY questions• Eliciting new goals through HOW questions
Goal model and object model elaboration
12
![Page 14: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• Formalizing goals and identifying objects
Goal model and object model elaboration
13
![Page 15: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• Goal identification from the initial document• Formalizing goals and identifying objects• Eliciting new goals through WHY questions• Eliciting new goals through HOW questions
Goal model and object model elaboration
14
![Page 16: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Eliciting new goals through
WHY questions
Goal model and object model elaboration
15
![Page 17: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
• Goal identification from the initial document• Formalizing goals and identifying objects• Eliciting new goals through WHY questions• Eliciting new goals through HOW questions
Goal model and object model elaboration
16
![Page 18: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Eliciting new goals through
HOW questions
Goal model and object model elaboration
17
![Page 19: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
The KAOS method
18
![Page 20: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
● Identifying potential responsibility assignments● Deriving agent interfaces● Identifying operations ● Identifying operationalizing goals
Elaboration of alternative agent models
19
![Page 21: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Identifying potential responsibility assignments
Elaboration of alternative agent models
20
![Page 22: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
● Identifying potential responsibility assignments● Deriving agent interfaces● Identifying operations ● Identifying operationalizing goals
Elaboration of alternative agent models
21
![Page 23: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Deriving agent interfaces
The agent must be able to evaluate the goal antecedent, and establish the goal consequent
Elaboration of alternative agent models
22
![Page 24: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
● Identifying potential responsibility assignments● Deriving agent interfaces● Identifying operations ● Identifying operationalizing goals
Elaboration of alternative agent models
23
![Page 25: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Identify the operations relevant to the goals along with their domain pre and post condition
Identifying operations
Elaboration of alternative agent models
24
![Page 26: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
● Identifying potential responsibility assignments● Deriving agent interfaces● Identifying operations ● Identifying operationalizing goals
Elaboration of alternative agent models
25
![Page 27: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Identifying operationalizing goals
Identify the trigger conditions of the identified operations relevant to the goals
Elaboration of alternative agent models
26
![Page 28: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
The KAOS method
27
![Page 29: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
● Anticipating obstacles● Handling conflicts● Evaluation and selection of alternatives
Evaluation and selection of alternatives
28
![Page 30: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Anticipating obstacles
Achieve[CommandMsgIssuedlnTime];CommandMsgNotlssued,CommandMsglssuedLate,CommandMsgSentToWrongTrain
Early generation of high level exceptionsObstacle mitigation strategies can be used in resolving obstacles
Evaluation and selection of alternatives
29
![Page 31: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
● Anticipating obstacles● Handling conflicts● Evaluation and selection of alternatives
Evaluation and selection of alternatives
30
![Page 32: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
● Handling conflicts
Evaluation and selection of alternatives
31
![Page 33: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
• Bay Area Rapid Transit(BART) is not a Business Application• Not to deliver an experience report but to convince to pursue in
GORE research• Review various research efforts undertaken and the arguments
are in favour of goal orientation• Deriving Architectural Descriptions from Goal-Oriented
Requirements Models[3]• OpenME[7] is an Open-Source tool similar to GRAIL
Conclusion
32
![Page 34: Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/5562144ed8b42acb1e8b4e92/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
[1]“ElaborationOfRequirementsUsingTheKAOSApproach < MethodEngineering < UUCS.” [Online]. Available:
http://www.cs.uu.nl/wiki/MethodEngineering/ElaborationOfRequirementsUsingTheKAOSApproach. [Accessed: 07-Feb-2014].
[2] R. Darimont, E. Delor, P. Massonet, and A. Van Lamsweerde, “GRAIL/KAOS: an environment for goal-driven requirements analysis,
integration and layout,” in , Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering, 1997, 1997, p. 140–.
[3] D. Vanderveken, A. Van Lamsweerde, D. E. Perry, and C. Ponsard, Deriving Architectural Descriptions from Goal-Oriented Requirements
Models. September, 2005.
[4] A. Dardenne, A. van Lamsweerde, and S. Fickas, “Goal-directed Requirements Acquisition,” in Selected Papers of the Sixth International
Workshop on Software Specification and Design, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands, 1993, pp. 3–50.
[5] A. Van Lamsweerde and E. Letier, “From object orientation to goal orientation: A paradigm shift for requirements engineering,” in
Radical Innovations of Software and Systems Engineering in the Future, Springer, 2004, pp. 325–340.
[6] D.T. Ross and K.E. Schoman, “Structured Analysis for Requirements Definition”, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering,’ Vol. 3, NO.
1, 1977, 6-15.
[7] “OpenOME, an requirements engineering tool.” [Online]. Available: http://www.cs.toronto.edu/km/openome/. [Accessed: 08-Feb-
2014].
References
33