going ambiguous for readers empowerment an exploration of the literal translation by lu zhen zhong...
TRANSCRIPT
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Going Ambiguous for Readers Empowerment
An Exploration of the LiteralTranslation by Lu Zhen Zhong in First John o
f the New Testament
Chun Li
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History of Chinese Bible Translation
• The time it was done– Tang Dynastic (618-918)– Robert Morrison (1782-1834) & Joshua Marsh
man (1768-1837) – Chinese Union Version (1919)– Lu Zhen Zhong Version (1946-1970)
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History of Chinese Bible Translation
• The way it has been done– By Missionaries who does not know Chinese
with Chinese Helpers– By Chinese and Foreign Biblical Scholars– By Chinese Biblical Scholars and Chinese
editors
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Chinese Bible Translation Theories
• Chinese Translation Theories: Development in the 20-Century
• Chinese Bible Translation Theories?
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Current Studies
• Investigating what is meant by a Chinese literal Bible translation
• Lu Zhen Zhong Translation– Knowledge of Source Text and Target Text– Verbalized Translation Principles– Consistency– Comparison with Chinese Union Version
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Translating ST words with TT words of larger semantic domains (1)
–desire, longing or craving• CUV: qing2yu4 –desires for opposite sex
• LZZ: si1yu4 – personal desires
• 1 John 2:16 16 For all that is in the world- the desires of the flesh and the desires of the eyes and pride in possessions- is not from the Father but is from the world.
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Translating ST words with TT words of larger semantic domains (2)
– arrogant words and deeds
• CUV: jiao1ao4 – arrogant attitude
• LZZ: jin1kua1 – arrogant words and deeds
• 1 John 2:16 16 For all that is in the world- the desires of the flesh and the desires of the eyes and pride in possessions- is not from the Father but is from the world.
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Translating theological-loaded terms with more interpretive possibilities (1)
• CUV: zhong1bao3 –guarantor for lending t
ransaction
• LZZ: dai4ti4shen1qiu1zhe3
• John 2:1b But if anyone does sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous.
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• dai4ti4 shen1 qiu1 zhe3
• substitute explain request person
• The one explains and requests for others
•
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Translating theological-loaded terms with more interpretive possibilities (2)
• CUV: xiang4jiao1 –to make friends with e
ach other
• LZZ: tuan2qi4
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Translating theological-loaded terms with more interpretive possibilities (3)
• CUV: e4zhe –the fierce one
• LZZ: xie2e4zhe –the evil and fierce one
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Translating Conjunctions with Ambiguity
• CUV: he2 (and); que1 (but)
• LZZ: er (can be and/ but)
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Providing reference possibilities for pronouns
• 1 John 2:10 Whoever loves his brother abides in the light, and in him there is no cause for stumbling.
• CUV– in Lord
• LZZ – in him/ in it
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Translating verbs with temporal and aspectual information
1 John 2:8
• LZZ yi3 for ; zhe for
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Using inclusive language
• 1 John 3:2 Beloved, we are God's children now, and what we will be has not yet appeared; but we know that when he appears we shall be like him, because we shall see him as he is.
• CUV: Beloved brothers
• LZZ: Beloved
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Summary of findings
• Providing more possibilities in the target texts
• Allowing more flexible interpretation
• Empowerment of the readers in interpretation
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Further Studies
• Short-term goal: Investigating the characteristics of Chinese literal translation of the Bible through LZZ
• Long-term goal: Establishing a theoretical framework for the study of Chinese Bible Translation