going with the flow: assessing phytoplankton diversity ......1992 2008 2013 2014 total phytoplankton...
TRANSCRIPT
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Amelia Kolb
Gabriela Hannach
Lyndsey Sandwick
Going with the flow: assessing phytoplankton
diversity with the FlowCAM
Photo: Gabriela Hannach
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Photo: Gabriela Hannach
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Chlorophyll
Semi-quantitative microscopy
FlowCAM
1992 2014 2008 2013
Total phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll/L)
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Photo: Gabriela Hannach
Diatoms
Large
Need high nutrients
Fast growth
Spring bloom Photo: Gabriela Hannach
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Dinoflagellates
Photo: Gabriela Hannach
Smaller
Do better with low nutrients
Slower growth
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Knowledge of phytoplankton community composition…
1. Improves understanding
of marine food web
2. Improves assessment of
human impacts
Piscivorous charismatic megafauna
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Chlorophyll
Semi-quantitative microscopy
FlowCAM
1992 2014 2008 2013
Phytoplankton taxa: • Dominant, • Subdominant, or • Present
Total phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll/L)
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Chlorophyll
Semi-quantitative microscopy
FlowCAM
1992 2014 2008 2013
Phytoplankton taxa: • Dominant, • Subdominant, or • Present
Total phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll/L)
Phytoplankton taxa: • Abundance (cells/mL) • Biomass (mm3/L)
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Biovolume ≈ Biomass
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Chaetoceros Alexandrium Misc. small dinoflagellate etc (up to 57 more)
Abundance
(cells/ml)
124 2 20 …
Biovolume
(mm3/L)
10.8 0.0048 0.0315 …
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Quartermaster Harbor
North Central Basin
South Central Basin
Surface samples from:
• 3 sites
• 7 dates (April – July)
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Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS):
Creates a map of dissimilarity in
taxonomic composition
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Stress: 0.16
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Stress: 0.16
More dissimilar
communities
More similar
communities
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"April 9" "May 7" "May 20" "June 4" "June 16" "July 8" "July 22"
Bio
volu
me
Chaetoceros Thalassiosira
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"April 9" "May 7" "May 20" "June 4" "June 16" "July 8" "July 22"
Bio
volu
me
Chaetoceros Thalassiosira
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0
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40
60
80
100
120
140
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"April 9" "May 7" "May 20" "June 4" "June 16" "July 8" "July 22"
Bio
volu
me
Chaetoceros Thalassiosira
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North Central Basin
May 20
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Noctiluca
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North Central Basin
May 20
?
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ND
Total Extracted Chlorophyll
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Total FlowCAM Biovolume (mm3/L)
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ND
Biovolume vs. Chlorophyll
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Acknowledgements
KCEL Aquatic Toxicology:
• Gabriela Hannach
• Lyndsey Sandwick
KCEL Field Science Unit:
• Bob Kruger
• Jim Devereaux
• Stephanie Hess
• Christopher Barnes
• Marc Patten
• Jean Power
Marine and Sediment Assessment:
• Kim Stark
• Wendy Eash-Loucks
Photo credit: Gabriela Hannach
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• Stress: 0.16
• √√y transformed
• Bray-Curtis dissimilarity index
• Centered on mean of axes
• Rotated so variance maximized
on 1st axis
• Scaled so one unit change =
doubling of dissimilarity