gonzalez & la torre-cuadros 2001 analisis de habitat xenospingus

5/14/2018 Gonzalez & La Torre-Cuadros 2001 Analisis de Habitat Xenospingus - slidepdf.com

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ACD* 8* ]gj`lcüj s k|~x`~cacl`lcüj nko àxk` nk e{k|~xkg kj ko qòok nk Gl{l`mk*



0;4


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0;2


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ACD* <* ]gj`lcüj s k|~x`~cacl`lcüj nko àxk` nk e{k|~xkg kj ko qòok nk S`{l`*



0;3


~g~ò nk lghkx~{x` ` jcqko nko |{kog/ eckj~x`|

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\k cnkj~caclü o`| vxcjlcvòk| k|vklck| qkdk%

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016


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O` }gj`lcüj |cevok v`x` o` ~ge` nk n`~g|xkdc|~xü p{k og| k|~x`~g| `xhüxkg s `xh{|~cqg|gj og| o{d`xk| vxkakxkjlcòk| nko Axcjdcog @vc}`xx`ng* Ko bkxhàlkg |k vxk|kj~` lgeg qkdk~`lcüj `lgev`ð`j~k/ ko l{ò/ nk `l{kxng `

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do`hx` gaxklk e`sgx lghkx~{x` "26+#* Ko àxkè{k|~xò nk Gl{l`mk xkdc|~xg xkl`v~{x`|/ ogp{k v{knk cjncl`x {j bàhc~`~ lgj jcqko üv~cegv`x` k|~` k|vklck* Og| `xhgok| nk Gok` k{xgv`k`

kj S`{l` gaxklkj 26+ nk lghkx~{x` v`x` ko`qk/ og p{k v{knk krvocl`x vgx p{k jg |k {hcl`|gog kj ko egj~k xchkxkðg* ^èhcãj |k

gh|kxqü k|~` |kokllcüj nk bàhc~`~ kj ko qòoknk ^èhg/ kj ko gocq`x lgocjn`j~k lgj ko àxkè{k|~xò/ `{jp{k jg |k bc}g {j `jàoc|c| nk qkdk~`lcüj kj k|k lèvg nk l{o~cqg*

Kj og| k|~{ncg| vxkocecj`xk| "Dgj}àok} !Eào`d` 0334/ kj vxkv*# |k bclckxgj gh|kxq`%lcgjk| nko Axcjdcog @vc}`xx`ng ` og o`xdg nk |{nc|~xch{lcüj kj og| qòok| nk o` lg|~` vkx{`j`*

ACD* >* ]gj`lcüj s k|~x`~cacl`lcüj nko àxk` nk e{k|~xkg kj ko qòok nk ̂ èhg*



010


Jg b{hg vgho`lcgjk| nk k|~` k|vklck kj og| qòok| ngjnk o` qkdk~`lcüj gxcdcjò b` |cng

vxàl~clèkj~k kocecj`n`* Vgx g~x` v`x~k/ kjog| qòok| ngjnk p{kn`j ax`dekj~g| nkegj~k xchkxkðg/ o`| vgho`lcgjk| a{kxgj k|l`%|`|* Gl{l`mk/ S`{l` s ^èhg a{kxgj o{d`xk|kj ngjnk ko Axcjdcog @vc}`xx`ng e`j~ckjk{j` vgho`lcüj |cdjcacl`~cq` kj ko Vkxý "Dgj%}àok} ! Eào`d`/ kj vxkv*#* Kj h`|k ò `jàoc|c|nk og| xk|{o~`ng| kj k|~k k|~{ncg/ s vgx gh|kx% q`lcgjk| vkx|gjòk|/ jg lgjlgxnèg| lgj Mgbj|gj ! Dggnòo "0314# s Lgoo`x k~ ò

"0338# p{ckjk| ekjlcgj`j o` vxk|kjlc` nkk|~` k|vklck kj lèvg| `hckx~g| s m{jlòk|*Og| lèvg| l{o~cq`ng| s m`xncjk| v{knkj |kx{j bàhc~`~ nk nk|l`j|g ~kevgxò kj klg~gjg|nk qkdk~`lcüj nkj|`/ vkxg jg lxkkeg| p{kxk|cnkj kj k|g| bàhc~`~|* ^èvglg lgjlgxn`%eg| lgj o` àcxe`lcüj nk p{k ‟ Rkjg|vcjd{|

lgjlgogx *** k| `h{jn`j~k kj m`xncjk| ngeã|~c%lg|‟ |kdýj `v`xklk kj Xgnxåd{k} "0331#* Koegjc~gxkg nk cjncqcn{g| eg|~xü p{k k|~g| |k{hcl`h`j |ckevxk kj og| k|~x`~g| nk ò~`lghkx~{x` qkdk~ò* E{s x`x` qk} kx`j lgj|vc%l{g|/ lgcjlcnckjng lgj Xcndkos ! ^{ngx"0323# s Amkon|` ! Ix`hhk "0336#*

G~x`| `qk| p{k lgev`x~kj ko bàhc~`~ nko

Axcjdcog @vc}`xx`ng |gj Ko`kjc` egnk|~`/ Esg% vbgh{| a`|lc`~{| s ]gjg~xclbc` l`vkj|c|* K|~kýo~ceg v{knk {hcl`x|k kj o{d`xk| `hckx~g|/ s kx` o` k|vklck eà| `h{jn`j~k* O`| ng| vxcek%x`| kx`j k|l`|`|/ s |üog |k gh|kxqü kj {j`gl`|cüj {j` cj~kx`llcüj `dxk|cq` nk K* egnk|~`

lgj~x` ko Axcjdcog @vc}`xx`ng/ òkmàjngog nk{j `xh{|~g* Qkoà|p{k} "033;# nk|lxchk kj e`|

nk~òok o` `qca`{j` nk og| egj~k| xchkxkðg|*[j `jàoc|c| eà| lgevok~g nk o` klgogdå` nko

Axcjdcog @vc}`xx`ng |kxà v{hocl`ng kj g~xgo{d`x "Dgj}àok} ! Eào`d` kj vxkv*#*

^gng| og| bàhc~`~| kqò{`ng| ` |{ qk} vxk%|kj~`j òdýj dx`ng nk nkdx`n`lcüj s nk|k|%~x{l~{x`lcüj vgx o` cj~kxqkjlcüj b{e`j` s ko|ghxkv`|~gxkg/ |ckjng {j kmkevog qc|chok ko qòok nk Gl{l`mk eckj~x`| p{k/ kj og| qòok| S`{l` s ^èhg/ k| jg~gxcg o` xkdkjkx`lcüjj`~{xò nk o` qkdk~`lcüj j`~cq` nkhcng ò ncj`%ec|eg vxgvcg nk èhg| klg|c|~ke`|* @ vk|`xnk koog/ k|~g| o{d`xk| |gj og| p{k vxk|kj~`j{j` lòcn`n nk bàhc~`~ `nkl{`n` v`x` e`j~k%jkx o` hcgncqkx|cn`n j`~cq` nk og| egj~k|xchkxkðg|/ v{k|~g p{k og| nkeà| qòok| nk o`lg|~` vkx{`j` og| vg|kkj e{s ax`dekj~`ng|s o`| vgho`lcgjk| nko Axcjdcog @vc}`xx`ng |gjkj k|~g| e{s k|l`|`| g `{|kj~k| "Dgj}àok} !Eào`d` 0334/ kj vxkv*#* @|å gh|kxqèg| {j`xkdkjkx`lcüj j`~{xò nk H`llb`xc| |òclcagoc`

"S`{l`#/ ^k||`xc` cj~kdxcagoc` "^èhg# s vo`j~`%lcgjk| nk ^è`xcr la* lbcjkj|c| s Vxg|gvc| vòocn`

"Gl{l`mk#* \c hckj og| `xh{|~g| nk ^è`xcr

|gj krü~clg| ` o` lg|~` vkx{`j`/ jg |k b`lgevxgh`ng p{k b`s` ~kjcng {j kakl~g jkd`%~cqg kj ko klg|c|~ke`* Oèkj~`hokekj~k/ jg

|k ~ckjkj n`~g| bc|~üxclg| nk nc|~xch{lcüj nk`qk| `j~k| nk o` cj~xgn{llcüj nk k|~k `xh{|~g*\cj keh`xdg/ |k v{knk |{vgjkx nk p{k o`|vgho`lcgjk| nk `qk| s nko Axcjdcog @vc}`xx`ngnklocj`xgj v{k|/ |c |k kocecj` ` V* vòocn` / |kxkn{lk o` gakx~` òcekj~clc` v`x` o`| `qk| p{k|k òcekj~`j nk |{| ax{~g|* Tkhkxh`{kx"03>;# ekjlcgjü nk p{k o` v`x~k h`m` nko qòok

^@HO@ <* Ekncn`| nk `h{jn`jlc` s k|~x`~cacl`lcüj nk o` qkdk~`lcüj kj ko qòok nk ^èhg* V`x` krvocl`%lcgjk|/ qkx ^`ho` 0*





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018


nk Cl` k| {j hg|p{k axgjng|g nk V* vòocn` * @l~{òekj~k/ ^è`xcr k| eà| `h{jn`j~k kjlckx~g| o{d`xk|/ s |k gh|kxq`xgj vglg| ax`d%ekj~g| axgjng|g| nk V* vòocn` *

Kj o` ãvgl` nk qkx`jg "Nclckehxk È`x}g# k| l{`jng og| xåg| nk o` lg|~` vkx{`j``{ekj~`j |{ l`{nò nkhcng ` o`| oo{qc`| kj og|ò~g| @jnk|* Og| kakl~g| nko akjüekjg KoJcðg |k v{knkj gh|kxq`x l{`jng k|~g| xåg|cjlxkekj~`j krlk|cqèkj~k |{ l`{nò/ l`{%|`jng cj{jn`lcgjk| kj og| qòok| s nk|~x{l%lcüj nk l{o~cqg| s vxgvckn`n vxcq`n`* Og|

egj~k| xchkxkðg|/ bàhc~`~ nko Axcjdcog @vc}`%xx`ng / k|~àj e{s èkj`}`ng| vgx o` nkagxk|%~`lcüj nkhcng ò nk|kg nk og| `dxcl{o~gxk| nkd`j`x ~kxxkjg| v`x` l{o~cq`x* Vkxg nk k|è`jkx` |k `xxck|d`j ` p{k ko xåg nk|~x{s` |{|lèvg| nk l{o~cqg l{`jng |k` o` ãvgl` nk lxk%lcn`/ s` p{k ko `d{` jg kjlgj~x`x` k|` h`xxkx`j`~{xò p{k gaxklå` ko egj~k xchkxkðg* \c hckjjg |k xkòc}ü {j` kqò{`lcüj lgj~cj{` nk og|bàhc~`~|/ |k v{knk àcxe`x p{k o` nk|k|~x{l~{%x`lcüj nk og| |c|~ke`| vxgqgl`n` vgx ncqkx|`|`l~cqcn`nk| vxgn{l~cq`| s ko ncjèc|eg nk og|vxgvcg| |c|~ke`| b`lkj p{k o` lghkx~{x` nk o`

qkdk~`lcüj q`s` lèhc`jng lgj~cj{èkj~kn{x`j~k ~gng ko `ðg* Kj ko qòok nk ^èhg/vgx |kx ko àxk` e{k|~xò e`| vxgrce` ò xåg/ o` qkdk~`lcüj k| e{s |{|lkv~chok ` k|~g| lè%hcg|*

O` lgj|kxq`lcüj nko Axcjdcog @vc}`xx`ngcevocl` o` lgj|kxq`lcüj nk |{ bàhc~`~/ vgx ogekjg| kj og| o{d`xk| kj ngjnk k| e`| lgeýj"Lgoo`x k~ ò* 0338#/ s k| {j `|vkl~g p{k k|jklk|`xcg vgx ko hckjk|~`x jg |gog nko klg|c|%~ke` nko egj~k xchkxkðg/ |cjg nk og| `dxcl{o%~gxk| p{k qcqkj kj og| qòok| nk o` lg|~`

vkx{`j`*

@DX@NKLCECKJ^G\

@ekxcl`j Hcxn Lgj|kxq`jls acj`jlcü o` cjqk|%~cd`lcüj vxkocecj`x nk o` klgogdå` nko Axcjdcog @vc}`xx`ng* Cnk` Tcon jg| vxgqksü nk e`~k%xcòk| v`x` ko nk|`xxgoog nko vxgskl~g* @dx`nk%

lkeg| ` G|l`x D`xlå`/ Mkak nko \`j~{`xcgJ`lcgjò O`d{j`| nk Ekmå` vgx o`| a`lcocn`nk|hxcjn`n`|/ ò \x* Ao`qcg @x`jd{xkj vgx |{ bg|%vc~òcn`n kj S`{l`/ ̀ Knc~b \{`}g/ \coqc` ̂ gq`xs @jnxã| Xkà~kd{c vgx |{ `vgsg lgeg `|c|%~kj~k| nk lèvg/ ` Kxjk|~g Eào`d` vgx lgo`%hgx`x lgj k|~k vxgskl~g* K|~k `x~ål{og lgj~ü`nkeà| lgj qòcg|`| |{dkxkjlc`| vgx o`| xkqc%|cgjk| nko Hcgo* E`{xclcg D{kxxkxg "LHL%Kl{`ngx#/ Nx* L`xog| Dòcjng%Okò "LHL%\~`jagxn [jcqkx|c~s#/ Nx* Mgbj H`~k|/ Nx*Eclb`ko Ncoogj s Nx* Ng{do`| \~g~} "Ackon

E{|k{e ga J`~{xò Bc|~gxs/ Lbcl`dg#*

XKAKXKJLC@\

Hogli/ T* E*/ ! O* @* Hxkjj`j* 033<* ^bk b`hc~`~lgjlkv~ cj gxjc~bgogds* ^bkgxs `jn `vvocl`%~cgj|* L{xx* Gxjc~bgo* 00= <;“38*

Lgoo`x/ J* M*/ O* V* Dgj}`d`/ J* Ix`hhk/ @*E`nxgðgjck~g/ O* D* J`x`jmg/ ^* @* V`xikx CCC/! N* L* Tkdk 0338* ^bxk`~kjkn hcxn| ga ~bk

@ekxcl`|* ^bk CLHV'C[LJ Xkn N`~` Hggi/Lèhxcndk/ [*I*

Amkon|`/ M*/ ! J* Ix`hhk* 0336* Hcxn| ga ~bk bcdb @jnk|* ]ggo* E{|*/ [jcq* ga Lgvkjb`dkj/

Lgvkjb`dkj*Dgj}àok}/ G* 0334* Acx|~ nk|lxcv~cgj ga ~bk jk|~ ga

~bk \okjnkx%hcookn Acjlb* H{oo* Hx* Gxjc~bgo*Lo{h 004= <0>“<0;*

Dgj}àok}/ G*/ ! K* Eào`d`* 0334* K|~{ncg| vxkoce%cj`xk| nk o` klgogdå` nk Rkjg|vcjd{| lgjlgogx kj koVkxý* Vv* >4“;6 cj= @l~`| nko CCC Kjl{kj~xgHgocqc`jg v`x` o` Lgj|kxq`lcüj nk o`| @qk|/02“86 nk Gl~{hxk 0331* @xegjc`'Hcxnocak/\`j~` Lx{} nk o` \ckxx`/ Hgocqc`*

Mgbj|gj/ @* T*/ ! M* N* Dggnòo* 0314* ^bk hcxn| ga Lbcok `jn `nm`lkj~ xkdcgj| ga @xdkj~cj`/Hgocqc` ̀ jn Vkxý/ Qgo CC* Vo`~~ K|~`hoklceckj~g|Dxàaclg|/ H{kjg| @cxk|*

Igkvlik/ E* 03;>* Lgx~k klgoüdclg ~x`j|qkx|ò kjog| @jnk| nko Vkxý lkj~xò lgj k|vklcò lgj|c%nkx`lcüj ` o`| `qk|* V`x~k C= Lg|~`/ qkx~ckj~k|gllcnkj~òk| s xkdcüj ò~g`jncj`* Eke* E{|*Bc|~* J`~* ‟M`qckx Vx`ng― <= 0“003*

Oüvk}/ A* 032;* E`j{ò nk klgogdå`* Knc~gxcò ^xcoo`|/ Eãrclg*

E`~~k{llc/ \*/ ! @* Lgoe`* 0328* Ek~gngogdå` v`x`



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ko k|~{ncg nk o` qkdk~`lcüj* \klxk~`xå` dkjkxònk o` Gxd`jc}`lcüj nk og| K|~`ng| @ekxcl`jg|/Vxgdxè` xkdcgjò nk nk|`xxgoog lckj~åaclg s ~kljgoüdclg/ T`|bcjd~gj/ N*L*

Ekskx nk \lb`{kj||k/ X* 0328* @ d{cnk ~g ~bkhcxn| ga \g{~b @ekxcl`* @l`nkes ga J`~{xò\lckjlk|/ Vbco`nkovbc`/ Vkjj|coq`jc`*

E{kookx%Ngehgc|/ B*/ ! N* Kookjhkxd 034>* @ce|`jn ek~bgn| ga qkdk~`~cgj klgogds* Mgbj Tcoks ! \gj|/ Jkt Sgxi*

V`xikx CCC/ ^* @/ N* A* \~g~}/ ! M* T* Ac~}v`~xcli*0331* Klgogdclò `jn nc|~xch{~cgjò n`~`h`|k|*Vv* 00<“><1 cj= \~g~}/ N* A*/ M* T* Ac~}v`~xcli/

V`xikx/ ^* @*/ ! N* I* Eg|igqc~|} "kn|*#* Jkg%~xgvclò hcxn|= klgogds `jn lgj|kxq`~cgj* [jcq*Lbcl`dg Vxk||/ Lbcl`dg*

V{ocng/ Q* 0330* Ko ochxg xgmg nk o` a`{j` |coqk|~xknko Vkxý* Kn* E`cmg|`/ Oce`*

Xcndkos/ X*/ ! D* ^{ngx* 0323* ^bk hcxn| ga \g{~b

@ekxcl`* Qgo{ek C= ^bk g|lcjk v`||kxcjk|*[jcq* ga ^kr`| Vxk||/ @{|~cj/ ^kr`|*

Xgnxcd{k}/ O* 0331* Ncqkx|cn`n hcgoüdcl` nko Vkxý*]gj`| vxcgxc~`xc`| v`x` o` lgj|kxq`lcüj*Vxgskl~g nk lggvkx`lcüj ~ãljcl` `s{n` kj o`vo`jcacl`lcüj nk {j` k|~x`~kdc` v`x` ko |c|~ke`j`lcgjò nk àxk`| j`~{xòk| vxg~kdcn`| kj lgo`%hgx`lcüj lgj Nk{~|lbk Dk|koolbà~ a{x ^klb%jc|lbk ]{|èekj`xhkc~ "D^]#/ Ecjc|~kxcg nk

@dxcl{o~{x`/ Cj|~c~{~g J`lcgjò nk Xkl{x|g|J`~{xòk| "CJXKJ@#/ Oce`*

\choks/ L* D*/ ! H* O* Egjxgk* 0336* Nc|~xch{~cgj`jn ~`rgjges ga ~bk hcxn| ga ~bk tgxon* Sòk

[jcq* Vxk||/ Jkt B`qkj/* Lgjjkl~c~{~* Qkoà|p{k}/ Q* 033;* Og| egj~k| xchkxkðg| nko xågCl`* Hgo* Oce` 33= 14“41*

Tkhkxh`{kx/ @* 03>;* Ko e{jng qkdk~ò nk og| @jnk| vkx{`jg|* Ecjc|~kxcg nk @dxcl{o~{x`/Oce`*

gonzalez & la torre-cuadros 2001 analisis de habitat xenospingus

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