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IBM Business Consulting Services

Education Industry Point of View

© Copyright IBM Corporation 2006

Empowering the Next GenerationOf Business and Learning Applicationswith an “Open Approach”

Patrick F. CareyHigher Education Industry LeaderIBM Business Consulting ServicesFebruary, 2006

IBM Education Industry Point of View2

IBM’s Open Approach for Education – Winter 2006


IBM’s “Open Approach”:Helping Global Education address their Challenges:

New ways of Doing Business

New ways of Communicating and Collaborating

Reducing Costs and Refocusing Resources

Dealing with the Increasing Rate of ChangeEducation Industry is

at an Inflection Point

Education Industry isat an

Inflection Point




Today’s Market Dynamics Today’s Challenges

Reduction in support paired with increase in accountability

Geo-political issues having increasing impact

Nearing market price saturation

Macro-Economy

Slowing population growth

Shifting value systems

Greater information access and global awareness

Consumers

Increased mobility and focus on providing real-time services

Difficulty in maintaining brand differentiation

Increasing high quality competitionCompetition

Constrained ability to grow

Converging economic pressures

Increased operational complexity

In recent years, a confluence of external forces has created an extremely challenging environment that is impacting traditional Higher Education institutions’ ability to respond to a rapidly changing environment




Meanwhile, institutions also face significant internal challenges that create very high operational complexity and further impede their ability to change

Stretched thin Slow to adapt Inefficient Distracted

University leaders are struggling to satisfy complex new business requirements and unfunded mandates across their institutions

Management Complexity

Functional and departmental silos exacerbate operating inefficiencies and prevent institutions from responding to market needs in a consistent way.

Organizational Fragmentation

Resources and capital are committed to continued operation and maintenance of many non-differentiating and low-value activities.

Rigid Cost Structure and Asset Base

Inflexible IT Infrastructure

The technology environment is overly complex and serves to inhibit – rather than enable – the deployment of new capabilities.

Cultural Resistance

Traditional attitudes and management practices conflict with the need for rapid, insight-driven decision-making and execution.

Source: IBM Institute for Business Value




What is IBM’s “Open Approach”? :Three-tiered, global, with Innovation at it’s core

Open Architecture- Service Oriented Architecture - Reducing/Eliminating Integration Costs- “Plug and Play”- Secure

Open Standards- Focus on CODE, not COMMITTEES- ‘Web Services’ at Core- Electronic Forms (Student Portfolios and Records)- Electronic Documents and Learning Objects

Open Source- Fostering Community base- Modular and Component driven- Enabling Consortia and Partners




Secure Wireless SolutionsMobile Computing, Ubiquitous Access to the Internet, Web

Services, VoIP

Budget PressuresAddressing more challenges

with less resources

Emerging Countries/RegionsCountry-level focus on Education

IBM’s Open Approach is Future Focused: There are a number of global trends that we believe can only be addressed with an Open Approach

Emerging TechnologiesEmerging Technologies

SocietalSocietalAdaptationAdaptation

Emerging Markets /Emerging Markets /OfferingsOfferings

GovernmentGovernment

IndustryIndustryTrendsTrends

Life Long LearningPressure on Education

to transform and integrate end-to-end

Infrastructure consolidationInstitutional, country and

global eLearning infrastructure

Open Standards / Open Source

Higher Ed leading the way, K-12 is fast-follower

Investments in EducationCritical to national competitiveness

Consumerism and CompetitionFocus on Student Services,

differentiating and competing

Business ProcessTransformation

Effective and efficient administration




Trends in Business and Learning Applications: Looking Down the Road

Challenges for Education Industry Applications- The Education Application Lifecycle- Standards-based and Modular- Global in nature- Connected Community

“Community” Open Source- Developed at the “Speed of Innovation”- Peer reviewed and supported- Cultural fit to Education Industry

Software as a “Service”- Change in Economics- Change in Operating Model- OFF campus




Education Industry’s Application Dilemma Education is in dire need of a sustainable, affordable software

model

Buy vs. Build model has failed- Education Industry been unable to build their own for quite some time

Most locally built applications are being replaced

- Vendors don’t meet all the Education requirements and therefore create need to modify code or build workaround code

Modifications Expensive

Modifications slow down progress

The software industry is not focused on education’s goals and needs, but on making profits- Many feel the education market is too small to sustain a healthy vendor environment

Uncertainties in the commercial vendor space- Continued vendor consolidations- Depressed investment climate- Migration away from products toward services




Education’s Painful Application Life Cycle

D

EA

B

C

Aging, Unsupported,Highly Modified

New Money, Enthusiasm, Inflated

Expectations“Let’s Fix This”

The Value Zone

“Flop”




Defining “Community” Open Source

All about Collaborative Innovation

- Community-driven approach to problem solving

- People working across geographical and organizational boundaries to confront today's most pressing challenges (Note: How IBM develops SW)

- Enabled by open standards and new intellectual property practices, it unites widely distributed perspectives and experience to:

Rapidly solve issues

Accelerate technological advancements

Stimulate rapid change

Increase speed of development

Source: Saugatuck Technology and Business Week Research Services




Community Open Source has reached an inflection point :

Open Source and Open Standards are the

next wave of disruptive technologies in Education

Education has a history of creating, incubating, and commercializing open, disruptive technologies – which is why this nascent movement is a key indicator

Unix

TCP/IP

Web

Linux

Open Applications

Open Applications have de-facto market power- Enabler of Industry Services Oriented Architecture

IBM will enable them as we would any ISV- Our business model is unchanged- Can leverage Open Infrastructure Technology to support

applications Education Industry will be a showcase for all other

Industries

Open Applications drive Standards

OSNEXT




Workloads using Open Source Middleware show that it is a viable alternative to Commercial Software

73%

40%

37%

35%

31%

27%

24%

13%

2%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80%

Web Servers

File and Print Servers

Portals and other browser-basedapplications

Databases or Data Marts

Firewalls or other Security Servers

Reporting and Analytics

Email or other Internet Infrastructure

Other

None

Source: 2005 Forrester Research “Trends: Open Source Usage is up, But Concerns Linger




Collaborative Open Source: How the Community Works

CollaborativeOpen-Source

Software“Ecosystem”

“Producer” University’sIntellectual & Admin.

Resources

Softwareand Systems Vendors

Government

Agencies

Foundations andNon-Profit Orgs

Open Source “Support”Providers (Red Hat, Suse, rSmart)

“Consumer” UniversityUsers/Testers




Collaborative Open Source Focus Development Areas:

EducationApplication Areas

PersonalInfo.

Manager

Portals

StudentPortfolios

IdentityManagement

ContentManagers

ObjectLibraries

LibraryCatalogue

ScholarlyPublishing

LearningManagement

Systems

DigitalRepositories




EXAMPLE: IBM’s Open Learning Framework (Blue Moon)

Tools / FrameworksEclipse Hibernate Struts

RAD JSF Spring

CVS / Ant James

ApplicationsSakai/Moodle OSPI

Melete Content Producer

LAMS SCORM Tracking

Kuali Workplace Messaging

Library Student ServicesServer Software

uPortal WebSphere Portal

DB/2 Cloudscape

Websphere WebSphere CE

WebDAV

MiddlewareDataPower Websphere ESB

RCI CDN

Jackrabbit Content Manager

Fedora / D-Space

PlatformsLinux X,P series (Z future)

Windows

User InterfaceMozilla, Opera, IE

Workplace Managed Client

Pervasive Device Browsers




Infrastructure Services

Applications

IBM’s Blue Moon Open Learning Framework

Data & Reporting

Security

Content Services

IBM Content Manager

RCI / Greystone Content Grid

DB/2

User Access

Open Learning Client

Reporting Tool (TBD)

SCORM Import / Tracking

Content Producer is currently a Windows application

OSPI 2.1LAMS

Sakai 2.1MeleteWorkplace Web

Conferencing (TBD)

Leverage Marist work for the Content Grid. Sakai resources only for release 1

Need to harvest Biztech work on SCORM or leverage UCDavis, trivial effort

Beginning of the Content Grid

Provisioning Metering

Disaster Recovery

Data Archiving

Data Storage

Application & Backend Integration

WebSphere ESB

SIS Integration Interfaces

Commercial MiddlewareNeed to investigate the middleware for managed client administration

Web BrowserWorkplace

Managed Client

Content

Producer

Open Document Converter

Tivoli Directory Server

Tivoli Directory Integrator

WebSphere Application

Server

Managed Client

Administration




Software as Service: A Major Shift in Value, Cost and Service Levels based on Open Architectures…. Why not Open Source?

Source: IDC; Software & Information Industry Association; Aberdeen Group

Hosted Web Services Applications

Web Native Applications

Traditional Service Providers

Software as a Service

Packaged applications delivered as a hosted service

Application is almost always sold in the traditional sense -- a one-time license and recurring maintenance fee

Built specifically for one-to-many delivery

SW is built for network delivery and is not deployed on customer premises

Pricing is combined in one annuity stream

Configuration, but little to no customization

SW components that can be used alone or in combination with other components or applications; delivered using Internet

Interfaces conform to web services architecture to simplify integration

Market is in the early stages of development

Traditional Hosting

Example: SAP Example: Salesforce.com Example: Microsoft MapPoint

Packaged SW delivered as a One-to-One hosted service

•One-time SW license, recurring maintenance fees•Allows for customization

SW built for network delivered as a One-to-Many hosted service

•Annuity pricing combines license, maintenance, service•Configuration; little/no customization•Usage based

Current Evolving Future




White Papers? Google me… Open Approach to Creating the Next Generation of Applications

File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTMLOpen Approach to Creating the Next Generation of Applications. Transforming andmodernizing the administration of your institution and taking cost out of ...www.ibm.com/industries/education/ doc/content/bin/IBMsOpenApproachWhitePaperv2.pdf - Supplemental Result

Solving the Integration Issue - Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTMLPatrick F. Carey and Bernard W. Gleason – May 2005. All future applications ...Patrick F. Carey. IBM Business. Consulting Services. Higher Education ...le.suny.edu/sln/rpc/rsp/ibmpapers/soa.pdf

Vision 2010 – Future of Business Software ApplicationsFile Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTMLPatrick F. Carey and Bernard W. Gleason – August 2005. Where observation is ...Patrick F. Carey. IBM Business. Consulting Services. Higher Education ...www-03.ibm.com/.../doc/content/bin/IBM_BCS_ White_Paper_Vision_2010_Business_Applications.pdf?g_type=pspot

Student Services System – Next GenerationFile Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTMLPatrick F. Carey and Bernard W. Gleason – December 2005. Student Services is ...Patrick F. Carey. IBM Business. Consulting Services. Higher Education ...www-03.ibm.com/industries/education/doc/ content/bin/IBM_BCS_White_Paper_Student_Services_System_FINAL.pdf - Similar pages

Moodlebug: October 2005We get answers from Richard Bricefield, cheif executive who uses Moodle; Patrick F.Carey, IBM’s uber-exec involved with Sakai; David Grebow, also from IBM; ...fraser.typepad.com/moodle/2005/10/ - 18k - Cached - Similar pages




Questions and Answers?




Additional Reference Slides




Open Source Projects in K - 12

Project Focus Sponsor(s) Funding Funding Source

Red Hat K-12 Linux Pilot Program (Global)

Linux OS, server infrastructure apps, e-mail, internet browsing, scheduling, grading, and word processing

Red Hat, Inc. Free to schools. Red Hat, Inc. pays all costs.

Red Hat, Inc.

K-12 Linux Project (US) Consortium to Promote the Use of Linux in Schools

Red Hat, Inc., Portland Unix Linux Group, and Multnomah Education Service District

unknown Red Hat, Inc., Portland Unix Linux Group, and Multnomah Education Service District

School Forge Coalition (Global)

Unify independent organizations that advocate, use, and develop open resources for primary and secondary education

Schools, Foundations, Groups w/ Linux Projects and Programs

unknown Schools, Foundations, and Individuals




Open Source Projects in Higher Education


Sakai (US) A community source software development effort to design, build and deploy a new Collaboration and Learning Environment (CLE) for higher education

MIT, Indiana, Univ. of Michigan, Stanford, OKI, and Mellon Foundation

$6.8M – 2 years

($2.8M from Mellon and over $4M from universities)

Mellon Foundation

Hewlett Found.

Partners Program

Core member Match

Chandler: Open Source Applications Foundation (US)

Personal Information Manager (PIM)

25 universities comprising the Common Solutions Group

$2.75M from Mellon

Universities gave $50K each

Mellon Foundation and Common Solutions Group

uPortal (US) A free, sharable portal under development by institutions of higher-education

Unicon, SCT/Campus Pipeline, IMMagic, iAssessment, CAI, The Longsight Group, Next Brick Solutions, several universities

$2.5M Mellon Foundation

Kuali (US) Higher Ed. Financial Mgmt Application

Indiana, Cornell, Univ. of Hawaii

$2M Mellon Foundation and Kuali Core Partners

OKI - The Open Knowledge Initiative (US)

Reference architectures and templates for connectors between components

MIT, Giunti Interactive Labs, IMS Global Learning Consortium, Nolaria Consulting, Verbena Consulting

unknown Mellon Foundation and Core Collaborators






Open Source Portfolio Initiative (US)

Create and sustain leading production ePortfolio software

Univ. of MN unknown University of MN, University of DE, and the r-smart group

Open Source Academy (UK)

Promotes the use of open source software within government and schools

United Kingdom Several UK City Councils University of KentNational Computing Centre (NCC)SOCITM Open Forum Europe (OFE)Open Source Consortium (OSC)Institute of IT Training (IITT)

unknown UK Government

Future Learning Environment (Finland)

Research, design and development of New Media tools and their use and application in education

Learning Environments for Progressive Inquiry Research Group

unknown University of Art and Design Helsinki






Public Knowledge Project (Canada)

Explores how new technologies can be used to improve the professional and public value of scholarly research

Univ. of British Columbia unknown University of British Columbia

The Information Society for all eEurope Action Plan (European Union)

Develop innovative pedagogical models, design principles and technology for collaborative knowledge building in European education

European Union unknown The European Commission in the Information Society Technologies (IST) framework; IST-00-III.2 'School of Tomorrow'.

European SchoolNet Develops learning materials for schools, teachers and students across Europe

International Partnership of 23 European Ministries of Education

unknown European Union




Examples of Open Source projects in education:

Sakai: A collaborative learning environment, led by a consortium including MIT, Indiana, Stanford, Michigan and others.

Kuali: Financial and administrative application, led by Indiana, Cornell, University of Hawaii.

uPortal: Campus portal environment now supported by a variety of vendors. Open Source Portal Initiative: ePortfolio application for students and faculty. School Forge Coalition: Project to unify a variety of open source projects in

education. Open Source Academy: Project to promote open source in UK schools and colleges. K12 Linux Project: Consortium to promote Linux in schools. Open Knowledge Initiative: Reference architectures and interfaces between

components for Education systems, led by MIT




Key standards groups in education:

IMS Global Learning Consortium: Develops and promotes the adoption of open technical specifications for interoperable learning technology.

Advanced Learning Infrastructure Consortium (ALIC): Japan learning initiative. IEEE/Learning Technology Standards Committee: Develop accredited technical standards, recommended

practices and guides for learning technology. MERLOT: Consortium of higher ed institutions focused on learning content distribution. Coalition for Networked Information (CNI): Supports networked information technology for the advancement of

scholarly communication and the enrichment of intellectual productivity. Schools Interoperability Framework (SIF). The Schools Interoperability Framework (SIF) is an industry initiative to

develop an open specification for ensuring that K-12 instructional and administrative software applications work together more effectively.

Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL): A collaborative effort to harness the power of information technologies to modernize structured learning. Includes Tools Interoperability and CORDRA.

Open Knowledge Initiative (OKI ): Specifications that describe how the components of an educational software environment communicate with each other and with other enterprise systems.

Postsecondary electronic standards council (PESC): Association of colleges and universities; professional and commercial organizations; data, software and service providers; and state and federal government agencies. PESC’s mission is to lead the establishment and adoption of data exchange standards in education.