google and google scholar for research information
DESCRIPTION
Presentation on search tools for research information with the emphasis on Google and Google ScholarTRANSCRIPT
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Google and Google Scholar for Research Information
Tuesday, 26th February 2013Presenter Karen [email protected]
Slides available at http://www.rba.co.uk/as/ and on authorSTREAM and Slideshare
This presentation is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License
Outline for the session
Google vs Google Scholar
Five things you need to know about Google
Advanced search techniques for research information
Google Scholar
Other specialist tools
Homework!
Top 10 Tips
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Anything it can find on the web
Web sites, blogs, images, videos, podcasts, PDFs, spreadsheets, presentations, discussions
Sometimes includes articles from Scholar at the top of the results
Author self archived repositories (may NOT be included in Scholar)
Google Scholar
Research information, patents, legislation (US) from known publishers
Open access
Institutional repositories
Anything that is structured like an academic paper
Separate from main Google
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Five things you need to know about Google
1. Google personalises your search
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Non-personalised search Personalised search
Five things you need to know about Google
Personalises search based on– location
– past search history
– past browsing activity
– activity in other areas of Google e.g. YouTube, Google Reader
– content from contacts in your personal networks may be given priority
– what you and others have ‘liked’, g+1
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“Un-personalise” your search
Chrome - New incognito window
FireFox - Tools, Start Private Browsing
Internet Explorer – Tools, InPrivate Browsing
Switch off web/search history
Log out of your Google account
Clear cookies
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Five things you need to know about Google
2. Google automatically looks for variations on your terms and omits terms
To force an exact match and inclusion of a term in a search prefix it with ‘intext:’ UK public transport intext:biodiesel statistics
“..” around terms does not always work
Verbatim – runs your search exactly as you have typed it in
Google Scholar – does not drop termsGoogle Scholar – can still use ‘+’ before a term to force an exact match
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Google Verbatim
Run your search
On the results page select Search tools, All results, Verbatim
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Five things you need to know about Google
3. Google web search does not search everything
Two indexes: main, default index and the supplemental index (lower “quality” material)
Supplemental index may contain less popular, unusual, specialist material
Supplemental index comes into play when Google thinks your search has returned too few results
Using advanced search commands and Verbatim seems to trigger a search in the supplemental index
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Five things you need to know about Google
4. Google changes its algorithms several hundred times a year
Some changes are minor and barely noticeable, others are more significant e.g. dropping search terms
How Google makes improvements to its search algorithm - YouTube http://youtu.be/J5RZOU6vK4Q
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Five things you need to know about Google
5. We are all Google’s lab ratsGoogle constantly tests changes on users in “live experiments”
Just Testing: Google Users May See Up To A Dozen Experiments : http://searchengineland.com/just-testing-google-searchers-may-see-up-to-a-dozen-experiments-141570
Mostly minor effects on search but sometimes totally bizarre results
– Google decides that coots are really lions http://www.rba.co.uk/wordpress/2011/02/12/google-decides-that-coots-are-really-lions/
– Update on coots vs. lions http://www.rba.co.uk/wordpress/2011/02/21/update-on-coots-vs-lions/
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What I see on my screen will not be what you see on your screen, will not be what your colleagues see on theirs, will not be
what your users see.
Google Scholar more consistent?
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Google commands
Speech marks around phrases or titles of articles “Geochemical evaluation of flowback brine from Marcellus gas wells”
Note: if Google finds no documents containing your phrase it will ignore the speech marks
Verbatim – runs your search exactly as you have typed it
Search tools, All results, Verbatim (see earlier slide)
intext: before your term – term must be present and exactly as you have typed it
UK public transport intext:biodiesel statistics
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Google commands
Think file format– PDF for research documents, government reports, industry
papers– ppt or pptx for presentations, tracking down an expert on a topic– xls or xlsx for spreadsheets containing data
Use the advanced search screen or the filetype: command zeolites environmental remediation filetype:pdf nasa dark energy dark matter filetype:ppt nasa dark energy dark matter filetype:pptx annual average global temperature 1960..2012 filetype:xls
annual average global temperature 1960..2012 filetype:xlsx
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Google commands
Site searchFor searching single large sites, or groups of sites by type for example academic, government
Use advanced search screen or site: command marcellus gas wells hydraulic fracturing site:psu.edu
marcellus gas wells hydraulic fracturing site:edu
shale gas hydraulic fracturing earthquakes site:ac.uk
shale gas hydraulic fracturing site:gov.uk
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Google commands
Numeric range search
Anything to do with numbers and quantities: years, temperatures, weights, distances, prices etc
Use the advanced search screen or type in your two numbers separated by two full stops as part of your search
world oil demand forecasts 2015..2030
world oil demand forecasts 80..100 mb/d 2015..2030
toblerone 1..5 kg
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Google commands
Words in the title – can be single words or phrases
Ensures subject is the main focus of the article
Use advanced search screen or intitle:intitle:”diabetic retinopathy”
Words in the URL – can be single words or phrases
Use advanced search screen or inurl:inurl:”diabetic retinopathy”
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Google search options
Date
Restrict your results to information that has been published within the last hour, day, week, month, year or your own date range
Search tools, Any time and select an option
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Google search options
Reading level
Changes the type of material that is returned
Run the search and from the menu above the results select Search tools, All results and then Reading level
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Google search options
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Google Scholar
http://scholar.google.com/
“Google Scholar provides a simple way to broadly search for scholarly literature. From one place, you can search across many disciplines and sources: articles, theses, books, abstracts and court opinions, from academic publishers, professional societies, online repositories, universities and other web sites. Google Scholar helps you find relevant work across the world of scholarly research”.
• Search all scholarly literature from one convenient place
• Explore related works, citations, authors, and publications
• Locate the complete document through your library or on the web
• Keep up with recent developments in any area of research
• Check who's citing your publications, create a public author profile
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Google Scholar
Does not cover all key journals in all subjects – no source list
Top publications for subjects and languages under Metrics link on home page or http://scholar.google.co.uk/citations?view_op=top_venues&hl=en
Scholar indexes the full text but you may have to pay to view the whole article
Groups different versions of an article together
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Google Scholar
Includes open access material, pre-prints, institutional repositories (but not necessarily author self archived repositories)
Includes material that is NOT peer reviewed but is structured and looks like an academic article (title in large font, authors, affiliations, abstract, keywords, citations)
Pre-prints and IR copies may differ from final published version – charts and images may be redacted because of copyright restrictions
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Google Scholar
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Does NOT use the publishers’ metadata
Date and author search looks in the area of the document where those elements are usually found
Page numbers, part of an address, data item may be mistaken for publication year
Sometimes gets the author wrong
Communicating with postgraduate research students: some themes from the library literaturehttp://www.chuukaku.com/blog/2013/01/communication-with-pgr.html
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Jacsó, Péter. “Metadata mega mess in Google Scholar.” Online Information Review 34.1 (2010): 175-191.
Jacsó, Péter. Newswire Analysis: Google Scholar’s Ghost Authors, Lost Authors, and Other Problems [Online] 24 September 2009 [Accessed 4 February 2013.] http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6698580.html
Jacsó, Péter. “Google Scholar Author Citation Tracker: is it too little, too late? “Online Information Review 36.1 (2012): 126-141.
Jacsó, Péter. “Using Google Scholar for journal impact factors and the h-index in nationwide publishing assessments in academia–siren songs and air-raid sirens.” Online Information Review 36.3 (2012): 462-478.
Jacso – Savvy Searching Columns, Online Information Review http://www2.hawaii.edu/~jacso/savvy-mcb.htm [Accessed 4 February 2013]10/04/23 www.rba.co.uk 26
Gray, Jerry E., et al. Scholarish: Google Scholar and its Value to the Sciences. Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship. [Online] Summer 2012. [Cited: 11 February 2013.] http://www.istl.org/12-summer/article1.html
Hamilton, Michelle C, Janz, Margaret M and Hauser, Alexandra. Can librarians trust resources found on Google Scholar? Yes… and no. Impact of Social Sciences: Maximizing the impact of academic research . [Online] 17 September 2012. [Cited: 10 January 2013.] http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/impactofsocialsciences/2012/09/17/can-science-students-and-researchers-trust-resources-found-on-google-scholar-yes-and-no/
Kramer, Bianca and Sieverts, Eric. Beyond coverage #ili2012. Slideshare. [Online] 27 October 2012. [Cited: 10 January 2013.] http://www.slideshare.net/bmkramer/beyond-coverage-ili2012
HLWIKI International. Google scholar bibliography. UBC HealthLib Wiki - A Knowledge-Base for Health Librarians. [Online] 1 February 2013. [Cited: 11 February 2013.] http://hlwiki.slais.ubc.ca/index.php/Google_scholar_bibliography
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Google Scholar advanced search commands
Use advanced search screen or commands as follows:
+ sign before a search term to force an exact match, for example +norne
“....” around phrases for example “environmental remediation” intitle: to search for a single word in the title, for example intitle:zeolites environmental remediation allintitle: to search for all of your terms in the title, for example allintitle:zeolites environmental remediation author: to search on an author’s name, for example zeolites environmental remediation author:rhodes site: to limit your search to specific institution for example marcellus shale site:psu.edu Commands can be combined for a precise search, for example author:wolford site:psu.edu allintitle:marcellus shale
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h-Index
h-index developed in 2005 by Jorge Hirsch, University of California in San Diego
Attempts to quantify productivity and apparent scientific impact of a scientist.
“A scientist has index h if h of his/her Np papers have at least h citations each, and the other (Np − h) papers have no more than h citations each”.
For example, an h-index of 20 means that the researcher has 20 papers each of which has been cited 20 or more times
Calculated by Scopus, WoS, Google Scholar, Microsoft Academic Search (?) but only for those papers within the database
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g-Index
g-index - distribution of citations received by a given researcher's publications
Devised by Leo Egghe in 2006
“Given a set of articles ranked in decreasing order of the number of citations that they received, the g-index is the (unique) largest number such that the top g articles received (together) at least g2 citations.”
g-index - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-index
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Other indices
i10 Index i10-index is the number of publications with at least 10 citations
e-Index PLOS ONE: The e-Index, Complementing the h-Index for
Excess Citations http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0005429
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Google Scholar h-index
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Author creates a profile and claims papers
Google Scholar h-index
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ScholarHIndexCalculator - mWiki
https://www.mat.unical.it/ianni/wiki/ScholarHIndexCalculator Add-on for Chrome (development of new features stopped for Firefox)
Google Scholar - Scholarometer
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Scholarometer: Browser Extension and Web Service for Academic Impact Analysis http://scholarometer.indiana.edu/
Firefox and Chrome
Google Scholar - Scholarometer
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Google Scholar – Publish or Perish
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Publish or Perish - Anne-Wil Harzing http://www.harzing.com/pop.htm
Desktop application
Microsoft Academic Search
http://academic.research.microsoft.com/
Journal articles, pre-prints, post-prints, conference proceedings, reports and white papers
Free to use but the full text of some papers can only be viewed on payment of a fee to the original journal publisher
Automatically computes author g and h index
Author may have several different profiles and articles may be assigned to wrong author
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Microsoft Academic Search
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Note: G and H index have now disappeared – uncertain as to whether they’ll return
Microsoft Academic Search
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Institutional repositories
BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine http://www.base-search.net/
CORE (COnnecting Repositories) http://core.kmi.open.ac.uk/search
DART-Europe E-theses Portal http://www.dart-europe.eu/basic-search.php
Institutional Repository Search (IRS) http://irs.mimas.ac.uk/
Open DOAR http://opendoar.org/
RIAN - Pathways to Irish Research http://rian.ie
ROAR - Registry of Open Access Repositories http://roar.eprints.org/
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Specialist search tools for research information
ArXiv http://arxiv.org/
BioMed Central http://www.biomedcentral.com/
Chemistry Central http://www.chemistrycentral.com/
ChemSpider http://www.chemspider.com/
Deep Web TechnologiesMednar http://mednar.com/Science.gov http://www.science.gov/Science Research http://scienceresearch.com/WorldWideScience http://worldwidescience.org/
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Specialist search tools for research information
Europe PubMed Central http://europepmc.org/
Mendeley http://www.mendeley.com/
Open Biology http://rsob.royalsocietypublishing.org/
PhilPapers: Online Research in Philosophy http://philpapers.org/
PubMed Central http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/
Scirus http://www.scirus.com/
TechXtra http://www.techxtra.ac.uk/
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