googling @ your library

Googling @ your library

NEMA 2006Laurie Logsdon and

Maggi Wiegert

A Navigation Story: Before Google Earth…

Biography Research:

WWMU?

Historical Research:

WWMU?

Literary Research:

WWMU?

Laurie Logsdon, Oct. 2006Laurie Logsdon, Oct. 2006

Brief History of Google

Brainchild of 2 Stanford Computer Science graduate students: Larry Page and Sergey Brin

Google.com was launched in 1998 with an initial investment of $1 million, 8 employees.


Google Today

“Google, age 8, is pulling in $10 billion a year in revenue, is worth about $125 billion.”

(Lashinsky, 88)

A recent rating report shows that Google accounted for 49% of the searches performed in 2006. (Nielson Net Ratings, July 2006; http://searchenginewatch.com/showPage.html?page=2156451)


Google’s Mission

“Google’s mission is to organize the world’s information and make it universally accessible and useful.”

????????????Question: Does Google organize information--or does it just help you find stuff?


How Google Works “98.8% of its revenues result from selling advertising.” (Miller, 14)

Similar to magazine advertising, Google attempts to increase the numbers of site visitors so they can generate more money from their advertisers.


Google’s Advertising Business (continued)

AdWords sells targeted keywords to advertisers; when users search using a keyword, the advertiser’s “sponsored listing” is displayed. If a user clicks on the listing, Google gets paid.

AdSense places small ads on non-Google websites. Google generates an ad based on the page’s content; when a visitor clicks the ad, both Google and the site owner get paid.

The Anatomy of a

Search

The typical Google search takes less than half a second to complete. (Miller, 17-18)

For more information on how Google works: Google guide: How Google Works How does Google collect and rank results?• http://www.google.com/librariancenter/articles/0512_01.html

Google’s PageRank Explained and how to make the most of it by Phil Craven


How Google Builds Its Database

Most of the pages in the Google database are found by Google’s spider software.

Pages discovered by “GoogleBot” are copied onto Goggle’s document servers.

Google creates an index to stored web pages

The flaw? Pages without a fixed URL slip through the cracks


Page Ranking Components

1.Text analysis: font size, usage, proximity, neighboring pages

2.Links and link text3.PageRank: web page importance (not web site) determined by counting pages linking to that page. PageRank is a numerical ranking from 0 - 10.

Navigating Google’s Home Page

1. Top links to specialized searches2. Search box3. Click to search4. Click to retrieve a single result

1

2

34

Navigating Google’s Home Page

5. Link to Advanced Search6. Click to set search preferences7. Link to Google’s language tools8. Click to set Google as your browser home

page

5

67

8

How Google Displays its Results

1. Statistics bar2. Top-ranking result3. Page title4. Page excerpt

5. URL6. Size7. Link to cached page8. Link to similar pages

13

4

2


A cheat sheet for raising your I.Q. score*

* (intelligent query)

1. What do you want to find?2. Construct your query using as many

keywords as needed. Consider the Advanced Search page.

3. Evaluate the matches--refine your query.

4. Save the information that best meets your needs.


Is it possible to use too many keywords?

Google searches only the first 32 words of your query


Google is not case sensitive


Word order is important

Google weights the importance of keywords in order of appearance first keyword is most important second keyword next etc.

Evaluate your results; the top results may be the same no matter what the word order. The difference is more significant as you move deeper into the result listings. (Miller, 29)


“and” is assumed


OR must be capitalized

When you want to conduct an “or” search, make sure to insert it in all uppercase--or Google will ignore it as a stop word.

You may also substitute the “pipe” | for OR

The OR operator is the only Boolean operator accepted by the Google search engine.


Where IS that “pipe” key?

Located just above the enter (return) key. Don’t forget to shift!


Common words are automatically

excluded Google ignores: and or where how what the all other common words in your queries


So--if you want to slow the search…

Include a stop word!


Including Stop Words

You can override the stop word exclusion by telling Google that it must include specific words in the query.

Be sure to include a space before the + sign, not after it+how a search engine works


Excluding Words from Results

To exclude a word from your search, use the - operator

Include a space before the - but not after

pathfinder = 19,000,000

pathfinder -mars -nissan

= 17,100,000


Taking Advantage of Automatic Word Stemming

Google doesn’t let you use wildcards to indicate different word endings: book*

Google incorporates automatic word stemming: it automatically searches for all possible word variations.rain = “rain” “rained” and

“rains”


Searching for Similar Words

Google lets you search for similar words by using the ~ operator

Example:~cheap yieldsdiscount, low cost, affordable


Searching for an Exact Phrase

“Googling is using the popular search engine Google.com to look up someone's name in an effort to find out more about them. You might Google your neighbor, your old college roommate, or someone you've recently met to see what information is available about them on the Internet.”

“laurie logsdon” lincoln ne


“Because Google has a ranking system, there is an unsubstantiated belief that the more Google returns a person has, the more important they are.

To Google someone, enter their name enclosed by quotation marks in the Google search box like this: "person's name". If you Google yourself, it is called autoGoogling or egosurfing.”

(definition from Whatis.com)


Searching for Words that Don’t Appear

Together If you want to search for documents where two words don’t appear side-by-side, insert the * operator between the two keywords in your query

“happy * holidays”


Narrow your Search to Specific File Types

PDF=Adobe Portable Document Format

PS=Adobe PostScript WK1, WK2, WK3,

WKU=Lotus 1-2-3 LWP=Lotus WordPro MW=MacWrite XLS=Microsoft Excel PPT=Microsoft

PowerPoint

DOC=Microsoft Word WDB, WKS,

WPS=Microsoft Works WRI=Microsoft Write RTF=Rich Text

Format SWF=Shockwave Flash ANS, TXT=Text

biome filetype:ppt


Narrowing your Search to a Specific Domain or

Website To limit your search to a specific domain, enter site:domain

biome site:edu

biome site:uk


Narrowing your Search to Words in the Page’s Title Google offers two methods for

restricting your search to the titles of web pages: Single keyword: intitle:operator

Multiple keywords: allintitle:operator


Narrowing your Search to Words in the

Page’s URL Similar to the “intitle:” and “allintitle:” , you can use the following operators to restrict your search to words that appear in web page addresses. inurl:unl allinurl:unl library


Narrowing your Search to Words in the Page’s Body

Text You can restrict your search to body text only: intext:lps allintext:lps media


Narrowing your Search to Words in the Page’s Link

Text There are two more operators similar to intext, inurl, and intitle (as well as allintext, allinurl, and allintitle). They are: inanchor:spinach allinanchor:spinach e-coli

Your search is restricted to words in the link text on a page.


Searching for a Range of Numbers

To search for pages that contain items within a numerical range: Enter the lower number in the range followed by the …operator

mystery lexile 400…900

media careers $195000...$325000


List Similar Pages

If you find a page you like, you can search for similar pages using the Google related:operator

related:www.puzzlemaker.comThis is a great way to find a URL

you’ve forgotten!


Find out more about a specific page

Google can tell you which pages link to a page it indexes

which pages that page links to which pages are similar to that page which pages contain that page’s URL

To get links to all this information on a single page, use Google’s info:operator.

info:www.fno.org


Using the Advanced Search Page

If the last 30 slides were too much, but you still want to fine-tune your search, then use Google’s Advanced Search page. Raise your I.Q. score without using advanced operators.

Just fill in the appropriate selections on the page.


Other Ways to Query Google

These third-party developers let you master advanced queries with zero technique:1. Soople

http://www.soople.com

2. Google Ultimate Interface (Internet Explorer compatible only)

http://www.faganfinder.com/google.html


Using Google’s Directory

“When the quality of results matters, it’s sometimes better to view a list of pages that have been personally selected for their content and appropriateness…if it’s handpicked results you want, you want a web directory, not an automated search engine.” (Miller, 56)

http://directory.google.com


Google Directory or Web Search?

Google Directory targeted results qualitative judgments made by humans

opportunity to browse all the pages in a category

“big picture”

Google Search provides maximum number of results

includes billions of listings

Specialized Searches

Google PhoneBook

or, search for people by phone #

Specialized Searches (continued)

Search for a personal home page


Additional Search Features

Google Finance:a full-featured financial information site

Google Blog Search: Searches every blog on the Internet that publishes a site feed


Google Scholar

“Google’s web search engine indexes only that part of the Internet that is accessible to the general public.

Google Scholar enables anyone to search a database or scholarly journal and articles free of charge.

In some instances, only an abstract is available; to read the full text, you have to pay a one-time fee or...

frequent a library!” (Miller, 117-126)


Using Google Answers

Can’t find your answer? Visit Google Answers and let one of Google’s 500 professional researchers assist you--for a fee.

You set the price for your question, which is how the researcher earns their salary, and Google charges an extra 50 cents for the listing.


Using Google Book Search

“ If there were a way to create a repository of all the world’s book content, it would put the Internet to shame.” (Miller, 475)

Google Book Search + Google Books Library Project (Stanford, Harvard, Oxford, University of Michigan and NYPL scan books in their collections)

= Global Library (for the WORLD)


Other Google Options

Google Images Google Calendar Google Picasa Google Mail Google Mobile Google News Orkut

Google Maps Google Earth Google Catalogs Google Page Creator

Google Health Specialized Searches


Works CitedLashinsky, Adam. “Chaos at Google.” Fortune 2 Oct. 2006:

86-98.

Miller, Michael. Googlepedia: The ultimate Google resource. Indianapolis, Indiana: Que Publishing, 2006.

Sullivan, Danny. Nielsen NetRatings Search Engine Ratings. 22 Aug. 2006. Incisive Interactive Marketing LLC. 15 Oct. 2006 <http://searchenginewatch.com/showPage.html?page=2156451>.

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