Gordon Willard Gordon Willard AllportAllport

By: Courtney Lancaster, By: Courtney Lancaster, Kayla Tanguay & Melissa Kayla Tanguay & Melissa

HarrisHarris

OutlineOutline

Allport’s Biography Allport’s Biography Allport’s Theory Allport’s Theory Grey’s Anatomy Grey’s Anatomy George O’Malley George O’Malley Meredith Grey Meredith Grey Isobel “Izzie” StevensIsobel “Izzie” Stevens Conclusions/ Questions Conclusions/ Questions Further DirectionsFurther Directions

Biography Biography

Born November 11, 1897 in Indiana. Born November 11, 1897 in Indiana. Fourth and youngest son. Fourth and youngest son. Father was a physician who turned Father was a physician who turned

family home into a clinic. family home into a clinic. Mother was a former school teacher, Mother was a former school teacher,

who placed a heavy emphasis on who placed a heavy emphasis on religion. religion.

1915 attend Harvard University. 1915 attend Harvard University. 1919 received a BA in philosophy and 1919 received a BA in philosophy and

economics.economics.

Biography con’t … Biography con’t … Allport went to Turkey to teach for a year, Allport went to Turkey to teach for a year,

later went to Vienna and met Sigmund later went to Vienna and met Sigmund Freud.Freud.

Spent two years in Europe studying under Spent two years in Europe studying under various great psychologists. various great psychologists.

1925 married Ada Lufkin Gould and later 1925 married Ada Lufkin Gould and later has a son Robert (who became a has a son Robert (who became a pediatrician).pediatrician).

1939 elected President of the American 1939 elected President of the American Psychological Association (APA). Psychological Association (APA).

Died of lung cancer October 9, 1967. Died of lung cancer October 9, 1967.

What is Personality?What is Personality?

Over this career as a psychologist Over this career as a psychologist Allport created a total of 50 Allport created a total of 50 definitions of personality, his final definitions of personality, his final definition was: definition was:

“ “The dynamic organization within The dynamic organization within the individual of those the individual of those psychophysical systems that psychophysical systems that determine his characteristic determine his characteristic behaviour and thought”. behaviour and thought”.

Allport’s Theory Allport’s Theory

Gordon Allport’s theory focused on Gordon Allport’s theory focused on the uniqueness of the individual, and the uniqueness of the individual, and the importance of present context, the importance of present context, as opposed to past history, for as opposed to past history, for understanding the personality. understanding the personality.

Motivation Motivation Opportunistic Functioning: Biological Opportunistic Functioning: Biological

survival needs, relatively unimportant. survival needs, relatively unimportant. Propriate Functioning: Manner expressive of Propriate Functioning: Manner expressive of

the self characterized as proactive, future the self characterized as proactive, future orientated and psychological. orientated and psychological.

Functional Autonomy: Two different types;Functional Autonomy: Two different types;

1. Preservative functional autonomy: habits 1. Preservative functional autonomy: habits (behaviours that no longer serve their (behaviours that no longer serve their original purpose). original purpose).

2. Propriate functional autonomy: value (more 2. Propriate functional autonomy: value (more self directed that habits). self directed that habits).

The PropriumThe Proprium The The propriumproprium is defined as those is defined as those

characteristics that people see as characteristics that people see as particularly their own and that are particularly their own and that are regarded as warm, central and regarded as warm, central and important. important.

Non propriate behaviours include; 1. Non propriate behaviours include; 1. basic drives and needs, 2. tribal basic drives and needs, 2. tribal customs (ie, wearing clothes) and 3. customs (ie, wearing clothes) and 3. habitual behaviour that are preformed habitual behaviour that are preformed automatically (ie, brushing one’s automatically (ie, brushing one’s teeth). teeth).

The Seven Functions of The Seven Functions of Proprium:Proprium:

1.1. Sense of Body (0- 2 years): has Sense of Body (0- 2 years): has boundaries that pain and injury, touch boundaries that pain and injury, touch and movement make us aware of. and movement make us aware of.

2.2. Self Identity (0-2 years): Our Self Identity (0-2 years): Our understanding of our past, present understanding of our past, present and future as individuals, separate and future as individuals, separate from others. from others.

3.3. Self Esteem (2-4 years): Our value to Self Esteem (2-4 years): Our value to others and ourselves. others and ourselves.

4.4. Self Extension (4-6 years): Our identity Self Extension (4-6 years): Our identity related to other people and the related to other people and the context in which we live. context in which we live.

5.5. Self Image (4-6 years): Your feelings on Self Image (4-6 years): Your feelings on how others see you (ie, social esteem/ how others see you (ie, social esteem/ status and sexual identity)status and sexual identity)

6.6. Rational Coping (6-12 years): Our Rational Coping (6-12 years): Our ability to deal with life’s problem ability to deal with life’s problem rationally and effectively. rationally and effectively.

7.7. Propriate Striving (12+ years): Sense of Propriate Striving (12+ years): Sense of direction or purpose, goals, the ability direction or purpose, goals, the ability to say that I am the proprietor of my to say that I am the proprietor of my life, the owner and the driver. life, the owner and the driver.

Note: Allport’s theory although similar to Note: Allport’s theory although similar to Freud’s is not a stage theory, just a Freud’s is not a stage theory, just a description of the way people develop.description of the way people develop.

Personal Dispositions Personal Dispositions Personal DispositionsPersonal Dispositions: Permit researchers to : Permit researchers to

study a single individual; defined as a generalized study a single individual; defined as a generalized neuropsychic structure peculiar to the individual. neuropsychic structure peculiar to the individual.

Three levels to personal disposition: Three levels to personal disposition:

1.1. Cardinal DispositionsCardinal Dispositions: Personal disposition so : Personal disposition so dominating it cannot be hidden (such as Scrooge dominating it cannot be hidden (such as Scrooge (greed), Mother Teresa (religious service)). Most (greed), Mother Teresa (religious service)). Most people do not have a cardinal disposition. people do not have a cardinal disposition.

2.2. Central DispositionsCentral Dispositions: 5-10 personal traits : 5-10 personal traits around which a person’s life focuses, building around which a person’s life focuses, building blocks of personality.blocks of personality.

3.3. Secondary DispositionsSecondary Dispositions: personal traits that are : personal traits that are less obvious that only a close friend may know. less obvious that only a close friend may know.

Characteristics of Characteristics of Maturity Maturity

Allport designed six criteria for the Allport designed six criteria for the mature personality: mature personality:

1.1. Extension of the sense of self: Extension of the sense of self: involvementinvolvement

2.2. Warm relating of self to others: Warm relating of self to others: trust, empathy, tolerance, etc.trust, empathy, tolerance, etc.

3.3. Emotional security or self-Emotional security or self-acceptance: acceptance of oneselfacceptance: acceptance of oneself

4.4. Realistic perception of environment: Realistic perception of environment: (as opposed to defensiveness)(as opposed to defensiveness)

Characteristics of Maturity Characteristics of Maturity con’t …con’t …

5.5. Insight and humor: self-insight into one’s Insight and humor: self-insight into one’s own behaviour; ability to laugh at oneself own behaviour; ability to laugh at oneself

6.6. Unifying philosophy of life: personalized Unifying philosophy of life: personalized conscience, religious sentiment, etc. conscience, religious sentiment, etc.

Mature people tend to have a trauma-Mature people tend to have a trauma-free childhood, although later years may free childhood, although later years may have conflict and suffering.have conflict and suffering.

Age is not a requisite for maturity, but Age is not a requisite for maturity, but healthy people become more mature as healthy people become more mature as they get older. they get older.

Grey’s AnatomyGrey’s Anatomy

George O’Malley George O’Malley Surgical Intern at Surgical Intern at

Seattle Grace Hospital Seattle Grace Hospital Has a close knit, Has a close knit,

middle income family middle income family Youngest of three boys Youngest of three boys Disinterested in Disinterested in

families hobbies families hobbies Father dies in hospital Father dies in hospital

from cancer from cancer Currently separated Currently separated

from his wife and from his wife and pursuing a relationship pursuing a relationship with Izzie Stevens. with Izzie Stevens.

George O’Malley George O’Malley Seven Functions of Proprium: Seven Functions of Proprium:

Sense of Body: Understands what pain is, knows Sense of Body: Understands what pain is, knows the pain of love. the pain of love.

Self Identity: Understands past, present and Self Identity: Understands past, present and future as an individual. future as an individual.

Self Esteem Self Esteem Self Extension: Never felt apart of his family, Self Extension: Never felt apart of his family,

develops this as an intern.develops this as an intern. Self Image: Seen as weak by family and friends. Self Image: Seen as weak by family and friends. Rational Coping: Tends to avoid conflict and Rational Coping: Tends to avoid conflict and

confrontation . confrontation . Propriate Striving: Knows what he wants in life Propriate Striving: Knows what he wants in life

and how to achieve it. and how to achieve it.

George O’Mally George O’Mally

Personal Disposition:Personal Disposition:

Cardinal Disposition:Cardinal Disposition: Does not have Does not have one. one.

Central Disposition:Central Disposition: shy, easygoing, shy, easygoing, passionate, caring, creative, people passionate, caring, creative, people pleaser. pleaser.

Secondary Disposition:Secondary Disposition: vulnerable, vulnerable, pushover. pushover.

George O’MalleyGeorge O’Malley

Psychological Maturity (6 Psychological Maturity (6 characteristics): characteristics):

Extension of sense of self: displays Extension of sense of self: displays unselfish interest in wellbeing of others. unselfish interest in wellbeing of others.

Realistic perception of environment: Realistic perception of environment: Displays selflessness and accepts Displays selflessness and accepts reality. reality.

Meredith Grey Meredith Grey Surgical Resident at Surgical Resident at

Seattle Grace Hospital Seattle Grace Hospital Only child of Ellis Grey, Only child of Ellis Grey,

a world renowned a world renowned surgeon. surgeon.

Had a relationship with Had a relationship with Derek Shepherd while Derek Shepherd while he was married. he was married.

Almost dies after a Almost dies after a bomb and drowning bomb and drowning incident. incident.

Best friends with Best friends with Christina Yang, a fellow Christina Yang, a fellow surgical resident. surgical resident.

Meredith GreyMeredith Grey Seven Functions of Proprium:Seven Functions of Proprium:

Sense of Body: Not fully aware of herselfSense of Body: Not fully aware of herself Self Identity: Tries to block her past by not Self Identity: Tries to block her past by not

allowing it to interfere with the future. allowing it to interfere with the future. Self Esteem: Believes she’s not good enough Self Esteem: Believes she’s not good enough Self Extension: Does not feel she belongs with Self Extension: Does not feel she belongs with

family, develops feelings of belongingness with family, develops feelings of belongingness with Christina. Christina.

Self Image: Believes others see her as Self Image: Believes others see her as promiscuous and only successful based on who promiscuous and only successful based on who she knows. she knows.

Rational Coping: Has few coping mechanisms Rational Coping: Has few coping mechanisms when dealing with problems. when dealing with problems.

Propriate Striving: Has little sense of direction. Propriate Striving: Has little sense of direction.

Meredith GreyMeredith Grey

Personal Disposition: Personal Disposition:

Cardinal Disposition: Does not have Cardinal Disposition: Does not have one. one.

Central Disposition: Mellow, quiet, Central Disposition: Mellow, quiet, seeks gratification, nervous, stubborn. seeks gratification, nervous, stubborn.

Secondary Disposition: Depressed, Secondary Disposition: Depressed, witty, often confused. witty, often confused.

Meredith Grey Meredith Grey

Psychological Maturity (6 Psychological Maturity (6 characteristics):characteristics):

Extension of sense of self: displays Extension of sense of self: displays unselfish interest in wellbeing of others. unselfish interest in wellbeing of others.

Realistic perception of environment: Realistic perception of environment: Displays selflessness and accepts reality.Displays selflessness and accepts reality.

Insight and humor: ability to laugh at Insight and humor: ability to laugh at herself. herself.

Isobel “Izzie” StevensIsobel “Izzie” Stevens Grew up in a trailer park Grew up in a trailer park

with a mother who was with a mother who was unsupportive emotionally unsupportive emotionally and financially.and financially.

Had a daughter at 16 Had a daughter at 16 who she gave up for who she gave up for adoption. adoption.

Leaves home at 18Leaves home at 18 Begins modeling to pay Begins modeling to pay

for medical school for medical school Was engaged to a Was engaged to a

patient, Denny, who died patient, Denny, who died of heart complications. of heart complications.

Surgical Resident at Surgical Resident at Seattle Grace Seattle Grace

Is currently involved with Is currently involved with George O’Malley. George O’Malley.

Isobel “Izzie” Stevens Isobel “Izzie” Stevens Seven Functions of Proprium: Seven Functions of Proprium:

Sense of Body: Has a clear understanding of death and Sense of Body: Has a clear understanding of death and pain. pain.

Self Identity: Believes she is in control of her past and Self Identity: Believes she is in control of her past and future.future.

Self Esteem: Has clear ideals of how she sees herself Self Esteem: Has clear ideals of how she sees herself and how others see her. and how others see her.

Self Extension: Identifies with the group as being a Self Extension: Identifies with the group as being a surgeon, a friend, etc. surgeon, a friend, etc.

Self Image: Believes other see her as less competent.Self Image: Believes other see her as less competent. Rational Coping: Does not have a sense of rational Rational Coping: Does not have a sense of rational

coping coping Propriate Striving: Loses senses of self, but regains it. Propriate Striving: Loses senses of self, but regains it.

Isobel “Izzie” Stevens Isobel “Izzie” Stevens

Personal Disposition: Personal Disposition:

Cardinal Disposition: Has a disposition Cardinal Disposition: Has a disposition towards helping others at any sacrifice. towards helping others at any sacrifice.

Central Disposition: Caring, dedicated, Central Disposition: Caring, dedicated, smart, funny, honest. smart, funny, honest.

Secondary Disposition: Unsure of Secondary Disposition: Unsure of herself (underestimates abilities).herself (underestimates abilities).

Isobel “Izzie” StevensIsobel “Izzie” Stevens Psychological Maturity (6 characteristics):Psychological Maturity (6 characteristics):

Extension of sense of self: displays unselfish Extension of sense of self: displays unselfish interest in wellbeing of others.interest in wellbeing of others.

Warm relating of self to others: capacity to love Warm relating of self to others: capacity to love others in an intimate and compassionate others in an intimate and compassionate manner. manner.

Emotional security or self-acceptance: Displays Emotional security or self-acceptance: Displays emotional security, does not get upset when emotional security, does not get upset when things don’t go as planned. things don’t go as planned.

Realistic perception of environment: Displays Realistic perception of environment: Displays selflessness and accepts reality.selflessness and accepts reality.

Unifying philosophy of life: strong desire to Unifying philosophy of life: strong desire to serve others, displays hope. serve others, displays hope.