Gender Stereotypes

Karen GorisEDC 501

Outline

• Introduction• Parents role in gender stereotyping affects student

performance• Media role in gender stereotyping affects student

performance• Textbooks and literature book role in gender

stereotyping affects student performance.• Gender stereotypes in mathematics and language arts

affects student performance• Teachers role in gender stereotyping affects student

performance• Conclusion

Introduction

• Key Concepts– Why is gender stereotyping an

important issue in education? • pressure to conform• limit full educational development

Literature Review: Each piece of literature will show that gender stereotypes influence academic performances.

• Question to be addressed• What sources influence gender

stereotypes and how?• parents, media, books, teachers

Do parents provide differential socialization for boys and girls?

rArticle: Observations of Parent Reaction to sex-stereotyped Behaviors: Age and Sex EffectsParticipants: 92 22-month-old children, 82 18-

month-oId children, and 172 5-year-old children Variables: Dependent variables were the

conditional probabilities of each of the three parent reactions given that a particular child behavior had occurred.

Measurement Technique: Observation of Parent Reactions, ANOVA

Design: The Oregon Toddler Project and The Oregon Father Project

Procedures: observe child, observe parents, examine behavior

Results: Fathers engage in positive interaction with child.

Parents

Article: Accessibility of Gender Stereotype Domains: Developmental and Gender Differences in Children

Which gender stenotypes come from children's description of girls and boys?Participants: 256 children ages 3-10 years old. Variables: 1st responsesMeasurement technique: GAMMaterials: Opened ended QuestionsDesign: examine which gender stereotypesProcedures Children gave description of girls and boysResults children began to demonstrate gender stereotypes by the age of 3

Media

• How does media affect gender roles?

• Televisions• Article: Shake It Baby,

Shake It: Media Preferences, Sexual Attitudes and Gender Stereotypes among Adolescents– Study and results

• Discussion: How can teachers help?

Textbooks and Literature Books

Do Literature Books effect the memory process?• Literature Books

• Discussion: avoid stereotypes• Article: Once Upon A Time there was a

Math Contest: Gender Stereotyping and Memory

• Study and results

http://www

Textbooks and Literature Books

• Textbooks• Article: The Effects of Gender Stereotypic and Counter-

Stereotypic Textbooks Images on Science Performance. • Study and results: Stereotypic Conditions vs. Counter-

Stereotypic conditions

• Discussion: How can teachers avoid gender stereotypes in literature books and textbooks?

Math vs. Language Arts

• Masculine Subjects vs. Feminine Subjects

• Article: Student Gender Stereotypes: Contrasting the Perceived Maleness and Femaleness of Mathematics and Language. – Study and Results

Discussion: What can teachers prevent stereotypes in Math and Language Arts

– Motivation– Differentiated

instructions

Math vs. Language Arts• Article: Changes in

Children’s Self-Competences and Values: Gender and Domain Differences across Grades one through twelve– Study and results

of math competences and language arts competences

• Discussion: How to boost competence levels in math.• Integrating

Technology

Teachers

• Article: Study on English Teacher’s Bias Toward Students of different gender.

• Teachers pay more attention to boys

• Joel Spring Text• Girls vs. boys in the classroom• Discussion: How can teachers

close the gender gap?

Conclusion

• gender stereotyping effects the learning process

• What addition research is recommended? – Does gender stereotypes cause bullying?

– Are certain gender stereotypes accepted in rural and urban areas?

• eliminate gender stereotypes

ResourcesBerk, L. (2009). Child Development (8 ed.). Boston: Pearson.

Bogers, S., Bogt, T., Engels, R., & Kloosterman, M. (2010). Shake It Baby, Shake It:Media Preferences, Sexual Attitudes and Gender Stereotypes Among Adolescents. Academic Journal, 63(11), 844-859.

 Eccles, J., Jacobs, J., Lanza, S., Osgood, W., & Wigfield, A. (2002). Changes in Children's Self Competence

and Values: Gender and Domain Differences across Grades One through Twelve. Child Development, 73(2), 509-527.

Ganske, K., & Hebl, M. (2001). Once Upon a Time There was a Math Contest: Gender Stereotyping and Memory. Teaching of Psychology, 28(4), 266-268.

Good, J., Wingfield, L., & Woodzicka, J. (2010). The Effects of Gender Stereotypic and Counter-Stereotypic Textbook Images on Science Performance. The Journal of Social Psychology, 150(2), 132-147.

 Miller, C., Lurye, L., Ruble, D., & Zosuls, K. (2009). Accessibility of Gender Stereotype Domains: Developmental and Gender Differences in Children. Sex Roles, 60(11), 870- 881.

Spring, J. (2012). American Education (15 ed.). New York: McGraw HIll.