gospl: a method and tool for fact-oriented hybrid ontology engineering
DESCRIPTION
In this paper we present GOSPL, which stands for Grounding Ontologies with Social Processes and Natural Language. GOSPL is a method and tool that supports stakeholders in iteratively interpreting and modeling their common hybrid ontologies using their own terminology for semantic interoperability between autonomously developed and maintained information systems. Hybrid ontologies are ontologies in which concepts are both formally and informally described with the help of a special linguistic resource called glossary. Social interactions between the community members drive the ontology evolution process and result in more stable and agreed upon ontologies. Christophe Debruyne, Robert Meersman: GOSPL: A Method and Tool for Fact-Oriented Hybrid Ontology Engineering. ADBIS 2012: 153-166TRANSCRIPT
GOSPL: A METHOD AND TOOL FOR HYBRID ONTOLOGY ENGINEERING Christophe Debruyne and Robert Meersman September 2012 @ ADBIS
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Introduction • Informa@on systems (IS) on the Web are in general developed and maintained autonomously
• For IS to interoperate seman@cally, an ontology is needed • Agreement among all the stakeholders • Ontologies evolve while the agreements are developed • Ontologies are an externaliza@on of the seman@cs outside an IS
• The problem is not so much what ontologies in computer science are, but how they come to be. In other words, ontology engineering (OE) is a cri@cal ac@vity
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Introduction • But ontology engineering methods also need adequate tool support
• An examina@on of related work showed that most frameworks did not • Take into account a special role for informal defini@ons AND • Had tool support tailored to a method or framework AND • Supported the users in their elicita@on and agreement processes
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Contribution • Presenta@on of a method based on a framework for hybrid ontology engineering (presented @ ADBIS 2012)
• Development of the GOSPL prototype currently in use in a Linked Data project for Brussels
• GOSPL stands for Grounding Ontologies with Social Processes and Natural Language
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Method: Framework • DOGMA Hybrid Ontology Descrip@ons <Ω, ci, K, G> • Ω a lexon base, a finite set of plausible binary fact types called lexons, e.g., <Vendor Community, Offer, has, is of, Title>
• ci a func@on mapping community-‐iden@fiers and terms to concepts
• K a finite set of ontological commitments containing • A selec@on of lexons • A mapping from applica@on symbols to ontology terms • Predicates over those terms and roles to express constraints
• G is a glossary, a triple with components • Gloss, a set of linguis@c, human-‐interpretable glosses • g1, mapping community-‐term pairs to glosses • g2, mapping lexons to glosses
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Method: Framework • Example of an applica@on-‐commitment
• Ω-‐RIDL: Verheyden et al. (SWDB 2004), Trog et al. (RuleML 2007)
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Method: GOSPL • Grounding ontologies with social processes & NL • Hybrid Ontology Engineering Method
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Hybrid Ontology Engineering Method • A) Managing communi@es • >1 representa@ves of autonomously developed and maintained informa@on systems that need to interoperate seman@cally
• B) Managing the Seman@c Interoperability Requirements • Set of key-‐terms • Set of goals
• C) Ar@cula@on of terms with glosses • Star@ng with key-‐terms • Alignment
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Hybrid Ontology Engineering Method • D) Crea@ons of lexons • At least 1 of the terms needs to be ar@culated
• E) Crea@on of constraints • An engagement of the community members to comply with agreed upon constraints in their applica@on-‐commitments
• Focus on reference structures “No en@ty without iden@ty” • F) Crea@on of a commitment • Steps A à E mostly within one community • F done by the stakeholder
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Hybrid Ontology Engineering Method • G) Crea@on of gloss-‐equivalences • Assert that two glosses refer to the same concept
• H) Crea@on of synonyms (at level of lexons) • Assert that two labels refer to the same concept • Community used for disambigua@on
• Why this dis@nc@on • Independent agreements • Glossary-‐consistency principle used a means for driving agreements (for every community-‐term pair, if the glosses used to ar@culate these terms were deemed referring to the same concept, then the labels should be deemed synonyms)
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Tool
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Tool
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Tool
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Tool • Use of a quasi-‐anonymous vo@ng system • See who has voted, but not what (cfr. Dotmocracy)
• Outcomes of “off-‐line” mee@ngs (face-‐to-‐face, teleconference, etc…) need to be summarized in the tool
• Looking for counter examples while making statements • Applica@on of NLP techniques to dis@ll facts from glosses
• Exploita@on of the commitments • Link with mul@lingual terminology base
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Application • Used in the context of a Linked Data Project in Brussels hmp://www.oscb.be/
Agenda.be Information
System
Phone Recognition Server
{image, features}JPSearch InputQuery Format
JPSearch OutputQuery Format
Picture Dataset
Image Datasets
Flickr
...
...
API
Other Datasets
Geonames
DBPedia
Agenda.be
SPARQL
DBR2RMLinput
triplifies
Knowledge Management
Platform
Ontology
output
used for annotation
Stakeholder
owns
collaborates with others
in
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Discussion • GOSPL is … • Teachable • Repeatable • Traceable
• The three characteris@cs of a method
• Usability study of an experiment • 43 par@cipants • Ciuciu, O., Debruyne, C. (2012) Assessing the User Sa@sfac@on with an Ontology Engineering Tool based on Social Processes. In Proceedings of On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2012: OTM Workshops, LNCS, Springer
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Future work • Mining interac@ons for user profiling • Giving appropriate tools to different users • Early experiment gave mo@va@on
• Capturing other means for discussions • Omogenia (Liapis et al.)
• Analysis of gloss-‐evolu@on and its impact on the formal defini@ons (to be reported elsewhere)
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