Governing Urban Futures in South Asia:

Challenges and Opportunities

Banashree Banerjee

Ministry of Urban Development

Government of India

Regional Policy Dialogue on Sustainable Urbanization in South Asia: Greening the Infrastructure Gap

New Delhi, 17-18 December, 2014

South Asian cities are transforming

GROWING

DECAYING SHRINKING

RISING S P R A W L I N G

AGGLOmeRATING

FORMING R-I-B-B-O-N-S

BECOMING ENGINES of GROWTH

Celebrate the difference!

But ……

Are they inclusive? Is the quality of life improving?

?

1. How to increase the policy visibility of the SA Urban Constellation

2. How to change

the Continued Legacy of Spatial and Institutional Fragmentation

into Multi-level Governance

Delhi: Divided city

1

2

3 4

5

1. MCD North

2. MCD South

3. MCD East

4. NDMC

5. Cantt. Board

Local Govt. State Govt. Central Govt. Para statal

MCD 3 Urban development DDA DUAC

Delhi Jal Board

NDMC Land and Building Land and Development Office.

Delhi Metro Rail Corpn.

Cantt. Board Transport

Surface Transport Deli Transport Corporation

Industry Industry DSIIDC

Revenue (Disaster manage, Rural Dev.)

NDMA BRPL

Health, Education, PWD, Environment etc.

NCR Planning Board BYPL

Delhi Fire Service Delhi Police MTNL

Delhi Pollution Committee

Central Pollution Control Board &EPCA

‘Urban’ Institutions Delhi

Institutional Linkages

Delhi

3. How to work with multiple stakeholders to deliver outcomes

middle and upper class citizens, the poor, trade organizations, educational institutions, government departments, NGOs and the private sector.

4. How to replace growth by mega projects into planned cities

Gated townships

And……..

SMART CITIES?

5. How to ensure productivity without compromising safety, health and sustainability

Rana Plaza, Savar, Dhaka Lalita Park, Delhi

SA cities: factories of the world

Bangladesh:

• 3.5 million workers in 4,825 garment factories produce goods for export to the global market.

• The Bangladeshi garment industry generates 80% of the country’s total export revenue.

• The wealth generated by this sector has led to few improvements in the lives of garment workers, 85% of

whom are women.

Delhi: Shahpur Jat

Sweatshops of global garment chains

Thriving in stealth and immunity from

regulations

2 out of 5 workers are children

Recycling e-waste in Samaypur,

Delhi

High incidence of respiratory and skin

diseases among workers

Toxic waste let out into open drains. (Toxics Link, 2014)

6. How to find a meeting place between formal and informal

Prosperity

Poverty & Informality

Pollution

3 Inter-related P’s of Ludhiana

7. How to better integrate urban - peri-urban - rural

New Delhi Kathmandu

The Peri-urban: No one’s

responsible, everyone’s welcome

Lahore

Dhaka: 50,000 women commute daily to

garment factories from surrounding villages

Mumbai: 7.5 mill. commute daily by train from suburbs

Colombo attracts 500,000 commuters

on any working day.

Kandy has 150,000 daily commuters

but a local population of 124,000

Dhaka population is 15 million at night

19 million at daytime

Climate change forcing thousands in Bangladesh into slums of Dhaka Climate change refugees struggle to survive in slums of Dhaka. The city faces a population explosion, with inadequate infrastructure.

VIEW 5 PHOTOS

TORONTO STAR / RAVEENA AULAKH

Taslima Masud with daughter Karima and husband Mohammed live in Korail, Dhaka's largest slum, along with as many as

40,000 others.

By: Raveena Aulakh Environment, Published on Sat Feb 16 2013

8. How to achieve low carbon urban development

Dwarka sub-city

Gross Residential Density: 400pph

Som Vihar Unauthorised Colony

Gross Residential Density: 400pph

Delhi: Compact city: high rise vs low rise

L

Kakrola Village

Gross Residential Density: 400pph

Sahasapura resettlement: Colombo

Mumbai: MUTP relocation in PPP mode

Compacting whom and how

9. How to ensure equitable access to public space

Privatised

public space

Amusement parks Golf courses

10. How to keep cities safe without barriers

Punjab’s (Pakistan) real estate companies offer more affordable

units in their gated compounds. llustration: jamal khurshid

How to develop an Urban Governance agenda for SAARC