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GOVERNMENT OF KENYA

Annual Report 2014 2015

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Background and IntroductionUNDAF 2014-2018

The United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF 2014-18) is the fourth generation programme of UN support to Kenya. The UNDAF was developed according to the principles of UN Delivering as One (DaO). This is aimed at ensuring Government ownership and is demonstrated through UNDAF’s full alignment to Government priorities as defined in the Vision 2030 and Medium-Term Plan 2013-18. It is also defined in planning cycles and in internal coherence among UN agencies and programmes operating in Kenya. The UNDAF contributes to the overall goal of Kenya’s Vision 2030 of:

“Creating a globally competitive and prosperous nation with high quality of life by 2030, that aims to transform Kenya into a newly industrializing, middle-income country for all citizens in a clean and secure environment”.

The UNDAF reflects the efforts of all UN agencies and key partners working in Kenya. The design of the UNDAF was informed by several strategic discussions both within the UN and with stakeholders, to determine how the UN System is best suited to support the national development goals. Accordingly, the Government of Kenya and the UN System are committed to working together in the spirit of partnership to implement the UNDAF, as a contribution to the achievement of national development goals and aspirations. Shaped by the five UNDG programming principles (a Human Rights-based approach, Gender equality, Environmental sustainability, Results-based management, and Capacity development) the UNDAF has a broad-based Results Framework, developed in collaboration with Government, Civil Society, donors and other partners as outlined in figure 1 below.

United Nations Development Assistance Framework for Kenya

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The UNDAF has four Strategic Results Areas:

• Transformational Governance encompassing Policy and Institutional Frameworks; Democratic Participation and Human Rights; Devolution and Accountability; and Evidence-based Decision-making:

• Human Capital Development comprising of Education and Learning; Health, including Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH), Environmental Preservation, Food Availability and Nutrition; Multi-sectoral HIV and AIDS Response; and Social Protection;

• Inclusive and Sustainable Economic Growth, with Improving the Business Environment; Strengthening Productive Sectors and Trade; and Promoting Job Creation, Skills Development and Improved Working Conditions and

• Environmental Sustainability, Land Management and Human Security including Policy and Legal Framework Development; and Peace, Community Security and Resilience. The UNDAF Results Areas are aligned with the three Pillars (Political, Social and Economic) of the Government’s Vision 2030 transformational agenda.


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Figure 1: UNDAF Strategic Result Areas

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A globally competitive and prosperous nation with a high quality of life by 2030

Keny

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Keny

a UN

DAF

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PoliticalPolitical and issue-based,

people-centered, results-oriented and accountable democratic

political system

2030 Strategic Results 1

TransformativeGovernance

UNDAF Outcome 1.1

Policy and Legal Framework for Implementation of

Constitution

UNDAF Outcome 1.2

Policy and Legal Framework for Implementation of

Constitution

UNDAF Outcome 1.3

Devolution and Accountability

UNDAF Outcome 1.4

Evidence and HR-based decision Making

UNDAF Outcome 2.1

Education and Learning

UNDAF Outcome 2.2

WASH, Food Security and Nutrition, Health

UNDAF Outcome 2.3

HIV

UNDAF Outcome 2.4

Social Protection

UNDAF Outcome 3.1

Business Environment

UNDAF Outcome 3.2

Production and Trade

UNDAF Outcome 4.1

Policy and Legal Framework

UNDAF Outcome 4.2

Community, Security and Resilience

UNDAF Outcome 3.3

Job Creation, Skills Devolution and Work

Conditions


Human Capital


Sustainable and Equitable Economic

Growth


Environmental Sustainability, Land M. and Human Security

SocialA social and cohesive society

enjoying equitable social development in a clean and secure

environment

SocialA sustained economic growth of

10% p.a over the next 25 years

Approximately US$1.2 billion (for both humanitarian and development assistance) will be needed over the 2014-2018 four-year period to achieve the 13 UNDAF outcomes. This includes the core financial resource available to the UN agencies and the funds to be mobilized from external sources.

The Government of Kenya and the UN System are committed to working together in the spirit of partnership to implement the UNDAF, as a contribution to the achievement of national development goals and aspirations.

The UN Country Team (UNCT), under the leadership of the UN Resident Coordinator, is responsible for implementation of the UNDAF 2014-2018. Under the DaO “One Leader” approach the Resident Coordinator and the UNCT are responsible for oversight of the Strategic Results Groups, the Operations Management Team and the Country Communications Group. The National Steering Committee (NSC) oversees the Programme implementation and reporting and the One Budgetary Framework


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Key Achievements for 2014-2015During the implementation period 2014-2018, through the support of the United Nations, a number of achievements contributing to the outcomes and long term goal of the UNDAF and vision 2030 have been realised. This section outlines some of the key achievements realised in each of the following Strategic Results Areas (SRAs):

SRA1: Transformational Governance

During the reporting year, several achievements were made to realize the strategic result on transformational governance. To support “Policy and institutional framework”, there has been advancement in the police reform programme whereby the National Police Service Standing Orders, Strategic and Communication Plans as well as the vetting process have been established. In addition, the capacity of the Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA) staff in Complaints Management, Investigations and Inspections of police premises has been improved; this has been done with ongoing training from international experts.

Furthermore, the Authority has developed its Strategic Plan 2014-2018, whose implementation is guided by a Performance Management Framework manual that is in place. The National Police Service Commission has progressed with the vetting of officers; they have completed this process for senior ranking officers. The Commission further finalised the development of its Strategic Plan, which is now being utilised. This reporting period also saw the recruitment of an additional 10,000 police officers - including a new Inspector General of Police. Strategies and Policies for the National Police Service were also developed; this includes the Service’s Strategic Plan 2014-2018, which articulates strategies that are being deployed for a holistic transformation of the Service during a period of four years.

Regarding progress towards realization of the not more than 2/3 of one gender rule is currently before Parliament for consideration. The reporting period also saw the annual Universal Periodic Review (UPR) monitoring report of the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights (KNCHR) published; contributing to the second UPR of Kenya in January 2015.


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On democratic participation and human rights, a key achievement has been realised in the activation of the Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) hotline following the capacity building to Directorate of Public Prosecution office on Gender Based Violence (GBV) and FGM. In addition, gender and human rights were mainstreamed in the policing institutions, and capacity of staff on this, built through training. Further, through support to constitutional commissions, county governments have received support on the integration of Human Rights Based Approach (HRBA), gender, inclusions and administrative justice principles leading to responsive policies and programmes as well as increased number of citizens seeking services from the commissions.

Fifty sex workers were empowered on prevention and management of sexual and gender based violence. They acquired knowledge on their rights and skills on handling violence. Through this training, it is expected that the incidence of gender and sexual violence will be reduced among this group.

To support devolution and accountability, the year saw the development of several important policies in particular the draft Devolution Policy and the 2nd Generation Revenue Sharing Formula. A key achievement was the development and dissemination of 51 model laws to all county governments as well as the validation of the public participation guidelines. Furthermore, partnership with the Kenya School of Government saw the development of 5 training curricula in the areas of County Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation, Human Resource Management, Performance Management and Leadership and Management.

The year also saw the Child Budget Analyses undertaken for national government and 6 counties (Garissa, Kakamega, Kilifi, Kwale, Tana River, and Turkana) and the capacity building of County Assembly Members, County Executive Committee and Civil Society members on child responsive budgets.

The Social Intelligence Reporting and Social Budgeting Initiative for social accountability was concluded and recommendations made for reforms; one round of Social Intelligence data was collected on social services in Turkana and Garissa counties and reports produced. Capacity of 490 National and County government officials were trained on citizen focused service delivery and performance contracting in relation to complaints handling.

On “Evidence and rights based decision making”, the key findings report on the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2014 was launched in 2015. The report showed marked improvements in many of the key indicators, including infant and child mortality, nutrition status and HIV knowledge. For the first time we have representative data at county levels on most of these indicators. The key findings reports of the Multiple Cluster Surveys conducted in Bungoma, Kakamega and Turkana were finalised, increasing the availability of county-level data especially on indicators relating to


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children and women. In addition, key findings of the latest round of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) for Bungoma, Kakamega and Turkana were completed. The KDHS and MICS data provide the opportunity to update the UNDAF indicators.

The production of the 2014 Vital Statistics Analysis Report was also accomplished within the year. The report is being used as a source of data for planning and monitoring of health, education and security programmes as well as monitoring of demographic change in the country among others. A survey on Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) on civil registration was successfully conducted in Homabay County and informed the formulation of the Homabay County Action Plan on vital registration. The report is being used by Civil Registration Department and other stakeholders to guide implementation of strategies aimed at increasing births and deaths registration coverage in the county. To improve births and deaths registration coverage, 234 registration agents came from Nairobi County. The 2014 Kenya Population Situation Analysis (PSA) was disseminated at the national level and in selected counties. The findings and recommendations in the report have been used to inform policy formulation and preparation of County Integrated Development Plans.

To improve integration of population variables in policy formulation and development planning in the country, 15 technical officers involved in planning at various levels in departments of line ministries. Organizations were equipped with knowledge and skills to integrate population variables into development planning.

A concept paper for the national programme on Demographic Dividend was developed through consultative forums at national and selected county levels. The concept paper will be used to guide designing of a country programme to harness Demographic Dividend. A total of 32 officers representing 20 institutions were trained on the electronic Project Information System (e-ProMIS). It tracks budget and performance data for programmes and projects from Government Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs), mainly supporting the realization of Kenya’s Vision 2030. The institutions that have been trained are expected to upload their respective projects in e-ProMIS. This is expected to strengthen linkages with the national unified project information repository, allowing coordinated monitoring and evaluation of national and county projects, alongside development partner activities.

SRA2: Human Capital

During 2014-15, several achievements were recorded towards the realization of results under the strategic result on human capital in all the four outcomes. They include; education; health, nutrition and food security and WASH; HIV&AIDS and social protection. In education, capacities in the generation and use of disaggregated information for policy dialogue and advocacy were strengthened through trainings and


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updating of the information management systems. The Ministry of Education, Science and Technology was supported to update the Education Management Information System (EMIS), consolidating the data gathering tools into one page and making it easier to access information. The strengthened EMIS is helping to identify 4,000 schools under the Global Partnership for Education (GPE). The children’s government was re-activated, bringing together some 1,400 children to discuss issues of concern to them and influence government prioritisation. There was improved collaborative partnerships with the national and county level governments to support integrated ECDE models with model ECDE centres established in Siaya, Kisumu and Homabay counties which are being used for learning purposes and scaling up to other counties.

In health, great improvements in maternal, neonatal and child survival and reduced malnutrition rates were recorded, as noted in the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2014 key indicators report. The capacities of the referral health systems were strengthened and improved knowledge on health systems and services management including migrant sensitive health services were realised.

During the reporting period, the Annual Health Congress, where the Kenya Health Sector Strategic and Investment plan, Annual health sector performance report, 2013/14, National Human Resources for Health (HRH) Norms and Standards, report on impact of Free Maternity Services were formally launched by Government. Furthermore, the national health accounts 2013/2014 were completed and launched.

The reporting year has generally seen an increase in access and utilization of safe drinking water, adequate WASH facilities and hygiene practices for households, schools and health facilities, especially in high burden counties and emergency settings. Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) including verification and certification of open defecation free (ODF) in communities (1600 villages) scaled up in selected counties and model of Post ODF sustainability in the areas which have attained open defecation status developed and adopted. The new education guideline that ensures all schools must have adequate WASH facilities was also gazetted.

The UN high-level advocacy forums were supported by County Governors, Parliamentarians and Religious Leaders, resulting in Governors of 15 counties with the highest maternal burden signing a Communique’ committing themselves to address the key challenges affecting maternal and new-born health. The high level advocacy has led to strengthened partnerships with additional resources mobilized for a RMNCAH project to support interventions in 6 Counties.

With support from Global Programme to enhance Reproductive Health Commodities Security (GPRHCS), family planning commodities including Implants, DMPA and condoms, were procured and distributed to designated service delivery points.


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This has increased the availability of the commodities and provided a broader method mix at the facilities. Although not fully resolved, this has mitigated the frequent stock out of commodities at the targeted health facilities. Ninety six health care workers were trained in 3 counties (Homabay, Kilifi and Nairobi) on emergency obstetric and new-born care. They were equipped with skills to manage pregnancy and birth related complications, which will enable them help prevent and/or manage obstetric and neonatal complications thereby reducing the associated mortality or morbidity.

In February 2015, the First Lady launched the Euro 19 million Maternal and Child Nutrition programme targeting nine of the arid and semi-arid counties. The 4-year programme will support nutrition resilience in these highly vulnerable counties. (Figure 3). The Scaling up Nutrition symposium held in February 2015 provided a forum for advocating for the right to nutrition and bringing stakeholders to commit to improve nutritional status of children and women, where Kenya’s First Lady was named as the SUN Patron for Kenya.

Figure 3: First Lady Launch of Maternal and Child Nutrition Program

With support of the UN partners, the Global Fund New Funding Model concept notes were successfully submitted raising additional resources for control of HIV, TB, Malaria and strengthening health and community systems. Additional resources have been mobilised from the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) for the introduction of Measles and Rubella Vaccine and from the GLOBAL Polio Eradication initiative to support polio eradication and surveillance.


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During the reporting period, progress has been made in a number of areas in the multi-sectoral HIV and AIDS response, effectively fast-tracking the end of the AIDS epidemic in Kenya. Most notably, Kenya has made substantive progress in scaling up decentralized access to antiretroviral therapy, resulting in significant decline in HIV-related deaths from approximately 167,000 in 2003 to 58,500 in 2013 treatment.

The Joint UN team on HIV and AIDS has provided coordinated and comprehensive support to contribute to robust evidence, technology and capacity at national and county level. The November 2014 launch of the Kenya AIDS Strategic Framework 2014/15-2018/19 (KASF), developed and rolled out to the county level with support of the UN, builds on this progress, providing strategic direction on fast tracking the end of AIDS, in line with the Kenya Vision 2030. Kenya’s HIV Prevention Revolution Roadmap is the first of its kind to pursue a population and location-based approach, while leveraging high level political commitment and leadership preventing HIV infections among children, adolescents, vulnerable populations, including young women. As a result, Kenya is recognized as the world leader for the global HIV prevention response. The Joint UN Team is particularly proud to be associated with the First Lady’s Beyond Zero Campaign, rolled-out in 30 counties promoting MCH and HIV, and the global ‘All In’ campaign launched by H.E. President Kenyatta to end AIDS among adolescents.

The year saw a stronger commitment to social protection with KES 19.1 billion allocated for safety net programmes in the 2015/2016 budget, compared to KES 13.4 billion in the 2014/2015 budget. The coverage of the social assistance programmes stands at 17% of the poor households through the five large scale social assistance programmes across the country: 253,000 households are covered under the Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children; 210,000 households under the Older Persons Cash Transfers; 27,000 households with Persons with Severe Disability; 80,000 households in 4 arid counties are covered under the Hunger Safety Net Programme, and 65,000 food insecure households in the ASALs are covered under the Cash For Assets programme. Also, 11,141 mothers are registered for cash payments linked to maternal and child health in Kakamega County.

A Joint Call for Action resulting from the Social Protection Conference held in January 2015, signed by government and development partners renewed advocacy for a legislative framework for social protection and ratification of Convention 102 which sets out the basic social security principles on which all social security systems should be based globally. Information on safety net programmes available through the Single Registry informed expansion plans and discussions about rationalizing and harmonizing programmes to reduce duplication and fragmentation in the sector, and has set the stage for programme consolidation in the coming year.


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The Single Registry hosts information about all households receiving cash transfers from five safety net programmes in the country, and is now linked with the Integrated Population Registration System significantly strengthening accountability and transparency in the sector.

Labour law compliance in the informal sector significantly improved with interventions targeting the transport sector. First, sensitization of employees about their legal rights to social security was undertaken. Secondly, in close collaboration with the National Transport and Safety Authority, employers were encouraged to ensure that drivers and conductors are registered with the National Hospital Insurance Fund and the National Social Security Fund through their SACCOs.

The launch of The National Plan of Action (NPA) to Counter Trafficking in persons 2013-2017 marks a new chapter in Kenya’s endeavours to ensure protection of human rights for all. Trafficking in Persons is not just a national and regional problem but also a global one. Like other countries Kenya is affected by the vice and has been described as a country of origin, transit and destination in human trafficking. Kenya, through this NPA, charts the course to be taken to implement a comprehensive response to trafficking that; in line with the United Nations Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children, establish comprehensive policies, programmes, and other measures to prevent and combat trafficking in person, to protect victims of trafficking and to prosecute human trafficking offenders.

To improve access to quality education with equity, the strategic plan of Education Standards Quality Assurance Council (ESQAC) and the National Council of Nomadic Education (NACONEK) has been operationalized and the Child Friendly Framework has been rolled-out in 400 schools and Water Sanitation and Hygiene facilities rehabilitated for improved learning environments especially in nomadic counties.

SRA3: Inclusive and Sustainable Economic GrowthThe reporting year saw several achievements towards the realization of the strategic result on Inclusive and Sustainable Economic Growth with capacities of key national institutions (MOIED, MODP, TNT, MOALF, MSEA MOM and County Governments) enhanced to improve the productive and business environment through knowledge and technology transfer.

Regulatory reform engagements and policies that support the development of productive business environment (agriculture, Public Private Dialogue (PPD), Green jobs, gender, mining and transport) were developed and disseminated.


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The Matrimonial Property Act 2014 was operationalized in order to enable women to have access to ownership of production assets.

The reporting year also saw several transformative strategies developed such as the National Youth Empowerment Strategy and the Micro and Small Enterprise Authority (MSEA) Strategic plan 2013-2017, developed in 2014. A delivery unit for Ease of Doing Business was launched and the “Buy Kenya Build Kenya” policy initiated. A road map for increased domestic production of pharmaceuticals was also launched in a bid to see increased production of generic drugs in the country. Increased access to business and entrepreneurship support structures and services especially for women and youth, was enhanced through the establishment of County Business Centres and automation of systems to ensure equitable access to opportunities and monitoring of government tenders under the 30% rule.

In the energy sector, increased generation of green energy for productive use was promoted with the establishment of two Low Carbon Low Emission demonstration centres in Mwea and the training of staff in their installation, repair, maintenance and management. Bio energy generated from cassava processing in Makueni County was also linked to an off-grid power supply.

In agriculture, climate smart agriculture was introduced in counties with 50,000 farmers trained and 1050 Training of Trainers conducted on conservation agriculture, 600 farmer kits for conservation agriculture were distributed and 3680 hectares put under irrigation. Access to financial services, inputs and markets for producers was also enhanced through strategic partnerships that saw 206000 MT of subsidized fertilizers and 340 MT of assorted drought resistant seeds distributed. Disease Free Zones (DFZs) were established and an e-surveillance platform developed to enhance disease reporting. The cost of insemination was reduced by 40% with the installation of 60L/Hr liquid nitrogen plant. In addition, the national fish production increased from 169,000 MT in 2013 to 175,000 MT in 2014. Also 209,000 fingerlings were stocked in Masinga, Kiambere and Kamburu dams with tilapia and rivers Maara, Koitabus, and Thika with trout. In addition 80 micro-catchment development plans with climate risk management measures supported in 4 counties.

Access to international markets for horticultural and agricultural products was enhanced with legislation on mycotoxins/aflatoxins and training of producers to meet minimum export requirements. Adoption of online plant quarantine regulatory information system (PQRIS) for agricultural imports and electronic certification system for exports also enhanced market access.


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Further, the launch of Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) seed regulations allowed for increased production of seeds while the threat to maize production and food security posed by maize lethal necrosis disease is being managed through six institutions led by Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research Organization (KALRO).

In the extractive sector, an online Transactional Cadaster Portal was launched, a Mineral Audit Unit established in the Ministry of Mining and an Internationally Accredited Mineral Certification Laboratory also established. Also, a Nationwide Airborne Geophysical Survey was facilitated and Geo-Data Bank established. The value add of portal is that transactions can now be done on-line as opposed to manual transactions which are time consuming. Application for mining permit for example, can now be done online.

In the manufacturing sector, Kenya Industrial Estates disbursed credit of over KSH 250 million for enterprise development and job creation. Six counties were supported to undertake County Resource Mapping (Kajiado, Trans Nzoia, Baringo, Uasin Gishu, Taita Taveta and Nyamira) and over 25,700 entrepreneurs were trained at the county level. Improved packaging solutions and technologies were also availed to SME’s to address issues of food quality, food safety, market access and to enhance livelihood for small producers. Furthermore, requisite capacities for value chain development and management for the agro, textile and leather value chains were enhanced to reduce postharvest losses, increase raw material processing and increase trade. More important, the Master planning for Mombasa Special Economic Zone (SEZ) has been initiated as is the establishment of an industrial park along the Standard Gauge Railway.

In the area of job creation, skills development and working conditions, labor market policies governing wages in selected sectors were initiated and decent work principles introduced in the transport sector with regard to “matatu” operations. Apprenticeship, vocational and on-the-job training was conducted for technical and entrepreneurial skills development with 600 SMEs trained. In addition 1350 SMEs were enabled to access markets and 1,963 women led SMESs trained countrywide on how to access Government tenders. A development programme aimed at creating 50,000 jobs for youth in Kenya, called Employer’s Challenge was also initiated.

SRA4: Environmental Sustainability, Land Management and Human SecurityDuring the period under review, significant mileage was achieved under this strategic result area. More than thirty-five (35) policies and legal instruments were reviewed, concluded, progressed and/or initiated.


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At the time of reporting, these are at various stages of completion – some as on-going consultations at the county level in line with the constitutional requirement for public participation, others as either sessional papers pending in parliament, or final drafts with the Attorney General for legal drafting.

The main purpose of policy formulation on environmental sustainability, land management and human security is to ensure an integrated and coordinated response to issues of environmental concern. Specific assessments were carried out on capacity building in community policing and land degradation. An engagement framework between central government and county governments was unveiled, and is still being elaborated. Strategies on water harvesting and gender mainstreaming in natural resource management were developed. Land reclamation and rehabilitation committees were established for severely degraded areas, while at the same time the Climate Change Resource Centre was constructed, although it is yet to be operationalized.

Critical areas of focus under this strategic result were in agriculture, environment, water and climate change. Specific policies elaborated ad interim included on:- Seed; Tea; Cereals; Horticulture; Food Security & Nutrition Security; Agricultural Research; Urban Agriculture; Agricultural Mechanisation; Warehousing; Land Reclamation; Irrigation; Water Harvesting; Trans-boundary Waters; Disaster Risk Reduction; Peace-building and Conflict Management; Cohesion and Integration. Others are on National Remote Sensing and Mapping.

The Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries demonstrated responsive tactics through an exemplified establishment of Kenya Agricultural Productivity and Sustainable Land Management Project (KAPSLM) whose objective is to enhance food security. The Project operates in 9 Counties of Uasin Gishu, West Pokot, Elgeyo Marakwet, Trans Nzoia, Kajiado, Kiambu, Nyandarua, Nakuru and Taita Taveta. The project has facilitated agricultural producers and other natural resource users to adopt environmentally-sound land management practices without reducing their incomes.

The total project cost over five years is USD 10 Million GEF Grant through the World Bank. In addition, projects promoting conservation agriculture, adaptation to climate change in arid and semi-arid lands, drought resilience and sustainable livelihoods, and cereals enhancement were initiated variously in more than 30 counties that most needed these interventions. Workshops on capacity building for county assemblies were held with great success.

The United Nations and other development partners, worked with the central government and the Nairobi City County to generate the Nairobi Integrated Urban Master Plan.


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In June 2015, a high-level delegation by Nairobi City County Governor and the Executive Officers of the Kenya Railways visited Stockholm, Sweden, to understudy the urban transport and connectivity that city.

On policy implementation, the Gender Mainstreaming Strategy and Implementation Plan for the management of natural resources was elaborated through consultations with respective parliamentary committees and associations. Five institutions (KWS, KFS, KRA, NPS, ODPP), were trained and their capacities supported to address transnational organized crime (TOC), including recovering the proceeds of wildlife and forest crimes (WLFC) and interagency cooperation. In the meantime, Kenya hosted an international technical meeting addressing WLFC convening eight Southern and Eastern African Countries, positioning Kenya in the forefront in building international cooperation on criminal matters in this arena.

In terms of human security, the refugee situation from neighbouring countries is instructive. For instance, at the end of 2014, Kenya had received an influx of 40,066 (Females - 20,546; Males - 19,520) South Sudanese asylum seekers arriving at the Kakuma refugee camp fleeing from renewed comflict in South Sudan. The camp population increased steadily from 128,540 at the beginning of the year to 178,079 persons by 31st December 2014, a 38.5 % increase comprising of 40,066 new asylum seekers. South Sudanese new arrivals were received at Nadapal (Kenya-South Sudan boarder) point by UNHCR and DRA. The Government took lead in ensuring they are registered within UNHCR international standards. All asylum seekers were registered in line with the principles of international protection. UNHCR in partnership with other key stakeholders is planning to construct some 7,500 transitional shelters to provide initial transitional dwelling for refugees.

On disaster risk reduction and management, significant mileage was achieved during the period under review. The National DRR Platform was inaugurated and its TORs formulated. A Draft National Action Plan on DRR was developed and Joint Needs Assessments conducted to identify priority needs in the affected areas, including Moyale, Garissa, Wajir, Turkana, Mandera and Marsabit. Non Food Items (NFIs), Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) to track and monitor movement of displaced persons, construction of shelters and sanitation facilities were identified as critical. In some of these counties, climate change and green entrepreneurship training was conducted for selected cohorts.

WFP transferred USD$ 523,050 to NDMA to support coordination, implementation and monitoring of EDE framework, in particular, through recovery /resilience building activities under the GoK/WFP Protracted Relief and Recovery Operations (PRRO) in July 2014- June 2015.


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An estimated 500,000 food insecure people received general food rations for 8 months in Garissa, Isiolo, Mandera, Marsabit, Samburu, Turkana, Wajir counties. Over 1,049 health facilities were supported in the interim to implement supplementary feeding programme (SFP) targeting 24,000 pregnant / lactating women and 39,000 under-fives for 12 months in Marsabit, Turkana, Isiolo, Samburu, Wajir, Mandera, Garissa, Tana River, Makueni, Kitui, Kajiado, Kilifi, Kwale, Taita Taveta, Laikipia, West Pokot, Machakos and Baringo Counties. An estimated 700,000 food insecure people in Baringo, Garissa,Isiolo, Kilifi, Kitui, Kwale, Makueni, Mandera, Marsabit, Taita Taveta, Tana River, Tharaka Nithi and Turkana counties were supported to build assets to cushion them against climate-induced shocks. Capacity of GoK and key stakeholders to undertake on rainwater harvesting technologies and ending Drought Emergencies (EDE) and resilience building has been strengthened. The project proposal to ‘Support Sustainable Development in Lake Turkana and its River Basins’ was elaborated.

On border management and community policing, the Government of Kenya, in partnership with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and with financial support from the European Union (EU), constructed 153 police accommodation facilities (self-contained shelter, with kitchnettes) in the refugee’s camps and adjoining areas of Dadaab, Dagahaley, Hagadera, Githuthe, Alinjugur, IFO-1. Additional amenities included water boreholes, police officers mess and ablution blocks. In addition, community dialogues were held across the border areas between Kenya and Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda, Kenya and South Sudan with a view to address conflict and insecurity.

A cross-border project between Kenya and Ethiopia aims to carry out environmental assessment, establishment of management mechanisms and sustainable livelihoods. The start date of the project is expected to commence in January 2016.

A Regional Conference on Countering Violent Extremism was successfully held in Nairobi in June 2015. It brought together over 500 delegates. Recommendations of the conference included the need for a regional approach to Violent Extremism; improved coordination of the CVE agenda; the need for enhanced and sustained funding for CVE; enhanced partnerships and research; enhanced capacity building and awareness raising for stakeholders, among others. Engagement with civil society in conducting community awareness and sensitization; development of strategies; a three-year multi-stakeholder programme “Building Resilience Against Violent Extremism” (BRAVE) to counter the rising radicalization and extremism was launched in June 2015. It is centred on narratives, counter-narratives, returnees, young persons and adults and the general populace.


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Technical support has been extended to the International Peace Support Training (IPSTC) on integrating gender into peace support operations. As a result, gender has been mainstreamed in 8 of the IPSTC training curricula, which include: Security sector reform; Elections monitoring and management; Military observer course; Dialogue negotiation and mediation; Protection of civilians; Sexual and gender based violence; Incident Command System and Kenya Battalion Pre- deployment.

Coordination for Effectiveness The Delivering as One principle is part of the UN Reform that has been established in the UN in an effort to improve the way it does business globally by streamlining activities, reducing transaction costs, and adapting to the ever changing social, political and economic environments in which it works. Some countries are pilot DaO countries; others are self-starters, while still others have yet to make this transition. Kenya is a self-starting DaO country, having made that change with the beginning of this current UNDAF. This transition was largely in response to a request by the Government for more cohesiveness in doing business with the UN. The transition to becoming a DaO has brought changes in the modalities of operation as both the Government and the UN Agencies began to adapt to this aspect of UN Reform.

One of the key differences that might be noted is the increased prominence of the Government’s role in effecting the UNDAF. The first indicator of this is the fact that the current UNDAF was signed into effect at State House, Nairobi, in the presence of the Head of State and the entire Cabinet and Diplomatic Corps; this included all the UN Heads of Agency, and Heads of Mission in Kenya. It was signed by the Cabinet Secretary of the National Treasury, the Cabinet Secretary to the Ministry of Devolution and Planning, on behalf of the Government of Kenya, and the UN Resident Coordinator, on behalf of the United Nations (figure 4). Together, the three are the co-chairs of the National Steering Committee of the UNDAF 2014-2015.

In addition, four Strategic Results Areas of the UNDAF are chaired by a Principal Secretary in the relevant Government Ministry and co-chaired by a Head of Agency each appointed in accordance with agency mandates. Each SRA group has a Secretariat within Government that provides the coordination function of the respective SRAs, schedules meetings, and acts as the repository for all relevant documentation, i.e. meeting minutes, reports, etc. Efforts have been made to ensure that joint GOK/UN SRA group meetings are held and that progress reports are developed jointly.


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Figure 4: Launch of the UNDAF at State House Nairobi, 26 March 2014

Coordination within the UN is the mandate of the UN Resident Coordinator. The Office of the UN Coordinator is run by the Head of the UN RCO and Strategic Advisor to the Resident Coordinator. Other positions in this office include the Coordination Analyst, an M&E Specialist, a Gender Advisor and a Coordination Associate. With Kenya becoming a DaO country, the role of the RCO has expanded.

Technical working groups have been established within the UN to provide support to the UNDAF. They include the Programme Management Oversight Group (PMOG), which consists of Agency Deputies and provides the oversight for programmes being run by the UN agencies. The UNDAF therefore falls under their mandate. Second among them is the UN Communication Group (UNCG), whose mandate is to provide coordination and implementation to the UNCT Communications Strategy, which includes communication on the UNDAF. The third, but very important one is the Monitoring and Evaluation Joint Technical Working Group (M&ETWG). This group consists of M&E specialists from the Government and the UN. It plays a critical role in supporting the implementation of the UNDAF; it is also largely responsible for monitoring and evaluating the progress in the SRA groups and guiding the preparation of the UNDAF reports.


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Figure 5: Two co-chairs Hon: Henry Rotich, Cabinet Secretary, National Treasury and Ms Nardos Bekele-Thomas, UN Resident Coordinator append their signatures to the UNDAF Joint Work plans

On the operations front, efforts are being made to streamline the principles applied to programme management; examples include conducting joint macro and micro assessments of implementing partners. Harmonization of Business Transactions (HACT) is another aspect of stream lining operations that is currently being undertaken. The UN has held HACT Training of Trainers to which the Government ministries, departments and Agencies were invited. In addition there are plans for the Government to hold a similar joint training on e-PRoMIS, the administrative tool used by the Government. In the end, it is envisioned that the Government and the UN will have better operational modalities in use thus reducing transactions costs on the whole.

The UNDAF National Steering Committee has a Secretariat that is housed in the National Treasury. It is chaired by the PS, through the Director of the External Resource Department in the National Treasury. The Co-Chair is the Head of the Office of the UN Resident Coordinator’s Office. Members of this Secretariat include two nominees from each SRA group and the Coordination Analyst from the Office of the UN Resident Coordinator. Plans are under way to build the capacity of this entity by providing technical staff to assist in delivering on its mandate. This technical assistance will be hired by the UN and seconded to the Secretariat and the physical office space will be contributed by the Government, specifically the National Treasury. This unit will be led by a Coordinator, who will be supported by an M&E Specialist and a Communication Specialist, these three being considered the most urgent to fill.


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Other positions to be filled will include officers to provide support to these key functions.

UNDAF National Steering Committee secretariat somewhat mirrors the Office of the UN Resident Coordinator. Although this arrangement has only been in operation for a year, and is a work in progress, it would be fair to say that it is working well and is gearing up to deliver on this UNDAF in an exemplary manner.

Flagship Initiatives In the spirit of DaO, the UN runs a number of joint programmes. These programmes include 1) The Joint Programme on HIV/AIDS, UNAIDS; 2) the Turkana–UN Joint Programme 2015-2018; 3) UNDAF Cross Border Joint Programme for Marsabit County and Southern Ethiopia; 4) Support to Sustainable Development in Lake Turkana and its River Basins: Federal Republic of Ethiopia and the Republic of Kenya; 5) the Joint Programme on Maternal Child Health, to mention a few.

Area based/cross border regional cooperation for conflict prevention, peace building and sustainable development: Marsabit–Southern Ethiopia i.e. Borana Zone

Since the beginning of 2015, the UNCT has embarked on a series of activities to establish a ground breaking, cross border and area based initiative bringing together the Governments of Kenya and Ethiopia, as well Ethiopia UNCT to explore the potential and establish parameters for a long term programme in Marsabit and Southern Ethiopia i.e Borana Zone. This area has long since been a hot spot for inter-ethnic conflict, border disputes and an area vulnerable to humanitarian crisis stemming from recurrent drought and insecurity. According to the Marsabit County Integrated Development Plan (CIDP), the county has suffered from historic underdevelopment and is yet to attain its full development and productive potential. A similar story - although under a different sovereign government can be told on the Moyale side. Although there are similarities, there are also good governance practices in recent times that demonstrate a political willingness to break the cycle of vulnerability in this region. This area based programme is moving beyond jurisdictional silos and instead concentrating on the men, women and children who are in need of humanitarian assistance and investment in longer term development.

The results achieved since January 2015, are tangible and represented as follows: High level consultations between the Heads of States of Kenya and Ethiopia; Kenya UNCT consultations with the Marsabit County Government; Kenya UNCT fact finding mission to Marsabit; Kenya UNCT consultations with the Government of Ethiopia and


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the UNCT; high level consultations in Kenya between the two Governments, UNCTS and Development Partners; and engagement with the County Government to strengthen the CIDP. All the results of these actions fed into the July borderlands consultations (World Bank and IGAD) with a clear case for the efficacy of area based programmes as a means to promote stability and development in the borderlands. With a clear framework in place, resource mobilization can become a reality and the UNDAF - on either side of the border - can become an effective vehicle for realizing lasting change.

Turkana County – UN Joint Programme 2015 - 2018

The UNCT has forged a robust partnership with the Turkana County Government in crafting an innovative Joint Programme (JP) for support to the Turkana CIDP. This is a major milestone in UN’s development assistance efforts particularly targeting some of the far-flung and marginalized regions of Kenya. Consultations leading up to the signing of the JP document commenced in 2014 and culminated in March 2015. The JP reflects all the key SRAs of the UNDAF, which are in turn embedded in the CIDP. The challenge in 2015 is about breathing life in the JP through accelerating the implementation of the key activities leading to the achievement of the UNDAF outputs and outcomes.

In terms of results, it is important to flag what has been specifically achieved including: the appointment of UNDAF SRA Co-Leads for the JP; establishment of a joint DaO Secretariat; strengthening of M&E capacities in the county; the deployment of a JP Coordinator and Technical Advisor for Turkana; joint planning sessions between the Turkana County Government and UN agencies; finalisation and roll out of integrated activities; and roll out of activities in support of e-performance systems.

The joint programme pilot demonstrates that it is indeed possible to consolidate all UN development and humanitarian action into a systematic reflection in the CIDP and clarify what resources are actually available. Linked to this is the important point that resource mobilization will continue to be a key factor for the successful implementation of the CIDP. The UNCT will continue to explore the establishment of similar JPs and action has already begun in counties such as Kwale and Taita Taveta.

Towards improving Maternal and New-born Health Outcomes

Kenya has a high maternal mortality rate and is off-track towards attainment of MDG 4 and 5. In an analysis of maternal mortality based on the 2009 census, it was noted that 15 counties are major contributors to these poor indicators. Following high-level advocacy and resource mobilization, six of the hardest hit counties namely Mandera, Wajir, Marsabit, Lamu, Isiolo and Migori were identified to implement interventions that would contribute to the reduction of maternal mortality.


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The core team comprises the central and county governments, along with UN H4+ team. This project will run until December 2016 and will focus on the following four areas: 1) improving access, quality and utilization of integrated RNMCAH and HIV services; 2) generating community demand for RMNCAH and HIV services; 3) institutional capacity building at county and national level; and 4) strengthening of monitoring and evaluation systems.

During this reporting period, key inception activities have already taken place including human resource placement; planning meetings with county governments and release of resources; and procurement of equipment for health institutions. It is envisioned that this project, which is catalytic in nature will inform future CIDP planning and set the stage for nationwide advocacy - including the First Lady’s “Beyond Zero” campaign – for the overall reduction of maternal mortality in Kenya.

Support to Sustainable Development in Lake Turkana and its River Basins

Lake Turkana and its River Basins is a trans-boundary basin with an estimated 56% in the South Western portion of Ethiopia and less than 40% in the North Western part of Kenya. The Kenyan portion includes Lake Turkana, which is the largest permanent desert Endorheic Lake in the world. The basin faces natural changes including climate variability, which influence the degradation of land water and biodiversity resources. These demand that strategies to address them must be holistic and based on credible scientific knowledge that address their root causes and aim at reducing wide-spread poverty. The UN, led by UNEP is assisting the governments of Ethiopia and Kenya, as well as local stakeholders to enhance their capacity to sustainably and equitably manage their ecosystems.

The five outputs of the programme include: 1) An inter-governmental cooperative management arrangement for Kenya and Ethiopia on Lake Turkana Basin; 2) An assessment report on the environmental situation of Lake Turkana Basin; 3) A framework for harmonizing strategic plans to enhance sustainable management of Lake Turkana Basin; 4) Demonstration of improved and sustainable livelihoods in the lake Turkana Basin; and 5) A monitoring plan of ecosystems and ecosystem services in the lake Turkana Basin. This progamme will rely on the principles of country ownership and cooperation, partners’ engagement and contribution and finally, community participation.


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Dealing with Emerging IssuesDuring the reporting period, a number of issues have emerged that need immediate action and inclusion into programming. Some of the recent emerging issues that the UN together with GoK and other partners have and will continue to address include the sustainable development goals and de-radicalization.

Sustainable development goals

Since September 2012, the Government of Kenya (GoK) has been on a journey to ensure participation in the design of the new global Development Agenda-Post 2015 wherein lie Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The transition from Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to SDGs alongside Kenya’s Second Medium Term Plan 2013 - 2017 includes the following thematic areas: agriculture and food security; employment and enterprise development; health; universal education and gender; and environment. The UNCT has worked closely with the GoK to ensure wide participation by all stakeholders including, Government Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs), Civil Society Organisations (CSOs), Development Partners (DPs), Special Interest Groups, Academia, Private Sector and the Media.

Since the start of the UNDAF, progress has been realised towards achieving a clear SDG agenda for Kenya. Between October 2014 and June 2015, there have been several fora held to expand partnerships for the SDGs. Notably, consultations with the private sector on the theme, “Building Trust through Enhanced Transparency and Accountability;” dissemination of the “Common Africa Position on Post-2015 Development Agenda” across all 47 counties; establishing the “Post-2015 Platform for Philanthropy; holding of a national forum on SDGs; the Deputy President-led “Breakfast CEO Forum” on Post-2015 and SDGs; and Kenya’s leadership role in the SDG Open Working Group in New York.

All these activities demonstrate that pathways have been developed for Kenya to firmly anchor itself in the implementation of SDGs - not as a standalone initiative but woven throughout the wider development agenda and supported through the key mechanisms including the UNDAF.

De-Radicalization

Violent Extremism (VE) and Radicalization are dynamics that have been on the rise in Kenya for some time with a high prevalence in almost one third of the country. This has significant implications on peace, security and the wider development agenda in Kenya.


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What comes to the surface are the themes of youth marginalization; resource based tensions; under-involvement of communities in extractives related investments; the continued proliferation of small and light weapons; and the presence of terrorist groups such as Al-Shabaab that actively engage in the recruitment and brainwashing of young men and women who become the foot soldiers in a bloody war to further political objectives under the erroneous guise of religion. In addition to terrorist groups, the use of youth in instances of political violence; the formation of criminal gangs; generational gaps in power and decision making; as well as wider issues of unemployment and poverty continues to feed perceptions of marginalization and create a fertile ground for VE and radicalization.

The UNCT has a responsibility to articulate a long term plan that will reposition development and humanitarian assistance strategies to address the multifaceted social, economic, cultural and political factors that drive VE and radicalization. The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) Resolution 2178 encourages capacity support for national efforts to address VE and this should be woven into the UNDAF where the framework provides support to the Government of Kenya through its “National Strategy to Counter Violent Extremism and Radicalization.” This ground work is being laid during the first year of UNDAF implementation and results across the SRAs demonstrate efforts in this regard.

UN Resident Coordinator’s OfficeUnited Nations Office in Nairobi

Block M, Level 3P.O Box 30218, 00100

Nairobi, Kenya.

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