NABARD (NATIONAL BANK FOR AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT)

Chairman Shri Umesh Chandra SarangiManaging Director K.G Karmakar

Was set up in 12, July 1982, under the act of parliament. It is an apex

development bank for facilitating credit flow for promotion and

development of agriculture, small- scale industries, cottage and village

industries, handicrafts and other rural crafts.

NABARD has dual role to play as it is an apex body and a refinance

institution. NABARD services as refinance institution for all kinds of

production and investment credit to agriculture and cottage and village

industries.

NA BARD accepts short- term deposits from the public like any other bank

to improve its capital base.

NABARD operates through its head office in Mumbai.

It has 26 regional offices, and sub office which operates in each state

Capital / Union territory. Besides this it has 234 district offices spread all

over the country.

NABARD vision is to promote micro finance in India.

It also provides refinance to lending institutions in rural areas.

It offers training and research facilities to banks, cooperatives and

organizations working in the field of rural development.

It acts as regulator for cooperative and regional rural banks.

NABARD makes major credit policies for the Regional Rural Bank

NABARD gets some amount of its fund from World bank and IDA

(International Development Association)—which is called the soft loan

window of world bank.

NABARD performed a record business worth 1.36 lakh crore in – 2009-10.

NABARD in news:

The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (Nabard) on

Wednesday said it would increase investment credit to the rural sector by 8 per

cent and short-term credit by 14 per cent in 2010-11. In 2009-10, the bank

disbursed Rs 12,000 crore as investment credit and had set a target of Rs 18,000

crore for the current fiscal. Similarly, for short-term credit, such as crop loans, the

target is Rs 24,000 crore, as compared to Rs 21,000 crore last year.

  INDIRA AWAAS YOJANA

Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) was launched during 1985-86 as a sub-scheme

of Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP) and

continued as a sub-scheme of Jawahar Rozgar Yojana (JRY) since its

launching from April, 1989.

It has been delinked from the JRY and has been made an independent

scheme with effect from January 1, 1996.

Sponsored by Central Government

Funding Pattern Under this scheme w.e.f. 01-04-2008, the assistance has

been enhanced from Rs.27500/- per beneficiary  to Rs.38500/- per

beneficiary, and is being given to BPL families for the construction of new

houses.

Ministry/Department Department of Rural Development

The objective of IAY is primarily to provide grant for construction of

houses to members of Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes, freed bonded

labourers and also to non-SC/ST rural people living below poverty line.

Gram Sabha does the selection of beneficiaries under this scheme.

This scheme is being financed by Centre and State Government on 75:25

sharing basis.

Beneficiaries :- Individual, Priority is selection of beneficiaries:- 1) Free

Bonded Labour 2) SC/ST households.3) Non SC/ST 4) Physically

Handicapped 5) Families and Widows of personnel from defence services/

para-military forces

Allotment of Houses: Allotment of dwelling units should be in the name of

female member of the beneficiary household. Alternatively, it can be

allotted in the name of both husband and wife.

Benefits Benefit Type Subsidy,

Eligibility criteria Person living below poverty line.

How to Avail Approach the Directorate of Rural Development,

Kasumpati , Shimla Himachal Pradesh and Assistant Director Offices at

District Headquarters

Validity of the Scheme Introduced On 31 / 03 / 2000 Valid Upto 31 / 03 /

2012

Allocation under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) is 10000 cr in the Union

Budget 20010-11. The unit cost under this scheme to Rs.45, 000 in the

plain areas and to Rs.48,500 in the hilly areas

BHARAT NIRMAN:

Bharat Nirman, a programme to build rural infrastructure, was launched by

the Government of India in 2005. IT’S A FLAGSHIP PROGRAMME OF

UPA GOVERMNENT.

 Phase I of the programme was implemented in the period 2005-06 to 2008-09.

Phase II is being implemented from 2009-10 to 2011-12

Bharat Nirman comprises of   six   components :

Irrigation

Rural Roads

Rural Housing

Rural Drinking Water Supply

Rural Electrification

Telephone Connectivity.

1. Water : Provide safe drinking water to all uncovered habitants by 2012.

Cover approximately 55 thousand uncovered habitations and provide safe

drinking water to approximately 2.16 lakh villages affected by poor water

quality. In addition all habitations which have slipped back from full

coverage to partial coverage due to failure of source and habitations which

have water quality problems to be addressed

2. Roads: Provide road connections to remaining 23,000 villages

approximately with population of 1000 or 500 in case of hilly or tribal

areas. (Connect all villages that have a population of 1000 (or 500 in hilly/

tribal area) with an all weather road by 2012.

3. Irrigation: 6.5 million hectares brought under assured irrigation till 2009.

Remaining 3.5 million hectares to be completed by 2012. (Bring additional

1 cr hectare of land under assured irrigation by 2012)

4. Telephone Connectivity: Increase rural tele-density to 40% and provide

broadband connectivity and Bharat Nirman Seva Kendras to all 2.5 lakh

Panchayats. (Achieve 40% rural teledensity by the year 2014, ensure

broadband coverage to all 2.5 lakh panchayats and set up Bharat Nirman

Seva Kendras at Panchayat Level by 2012.

5. Electricity : Provide electricity to remaining 40,000 villages approximately

and connections to about 1.75 crore poor households. (Reach electricity to

all villages and offer electricity connection to 1.75 crore poor households

by 2012).

6. Housing : Target of 60 lakh additional houses for poor achieved till 2009.

new target of 1.2 crore houses by 2014 adopted. Provide additional 1.2

crore houses at the rate of 24 lakh houses each year to be built by funds

allocated to the homeless through Panchayats.

Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) for Rural Roads , Rajiv

Gandhi Vidyutikaran Yojana (RGVY) for Rural Electrification & Indira

Awas Yojana (IWY) for Rural Housing come under Bharat Nirman.

Amount of 48,000 cr allocated for rural infrastructure programme under

Bharat Nirman in Union Budget 2010-11.

Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana(PMGSY):

o Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) was launched on

25th December 2000, to provide all-weather access to unconnected

habitations. It is being executed in all the States and six UTs.

o It is a nationwide plan in India to provide good all-weather road

connectivity to unconnected villages of more than 500 persons in the

rural areas (250 persons in the hilly and desert areas).

o It is a 100% Centrally Sponsored Scheme.

o Allocation – 12000 cr in budget 2009-10

Sponsored by Central Government

Funding Pattern Central Government funds the scheme

Ministry/Department Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India

Description This is a time bound programme, and will be implemented upto the

end of the year 2007. The primary objective of the PMGSY is to provide

connectivity, by way of an all-weather road (with necessary culverts and cross

drainage structures, which are operable throughout the year) to the eligible

unconnected habitations in the rural areas, in such a way that all Unconnected

Habitations, with a population of 1000 persons and above are covered in three

years (2000-2003), and all Unconnected Habitations with a population of 500

persons and above by the end of the Tenth Plan Period (2007).

Beneficiaries Community,

Benefits Benefit Type Others, Other Benefits Due to all weather roads, rural areas

will be connected with market places, educational, and health

Eligibility criteria In each District, Zilla Parishad has approved its District Rural

Roads Plan, indicating the existing road network system, and also the roads

proposed for connecting the unconnected habitations to the existing road network

in an economical and efficient manner. The Zilla Parishad has also identified a

Core Network consisting of some of the existing roads, as well as the roads

proposed for new connectivity under the programme, in order to provide at least

single access to all connected or eligible habitations. The Core Network is the

basis for all planning in the rural roads sector. The District Rural Roads Plan and

Core Network have been finalized by the Zilla Parishad in consultation with the

Panchayat Samiti and elected representatives.

How to Avail Contact th Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India

Validity of the Scheme Introduced On 01 / 01 / 0007 Valid Upto 01 / 01 / 2012

    Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana (RGGVY):

It was launched on 4th April 2005 for attaining the National

Common Minimum Programme (NCMP) goal of providing access

to electricity to all households in the country in five years by merging

“Accelerated Electrification of one lakh Villages and one crore Households”

and the “Minimum Needs Programme (MNP)”.

Under the programme, 90% grant is provided by Govt. of

India and 10% as loan by Rural Electrification Corporation (REC) to the

State Governments.

Rural Electrification Corporation (REC) is the nodal agency

for the programme.

The scheme aims at electrification of over 1 lakh un-

electrified villages and providing electricity connections to 2.34 crore rural

households. The estimated cost of the scheme is approximately Rs. 51,000

crore.

All the BPL families are eligible for free connections under

the scheme.

The RGGVY aims at:

Electrifying all villages and habitations as per new definition

Providing access to electricity to all rural households

Providing electricity Connection to Below Poverty Line (BPL) families free

of charge

Sponsored by Central Government

Funding Pattern 90% of fund is provided as grant by Govt. of India and 10% as

loan by Rural Electrification Corporation (REC) to the state government.

Ministry/Department Power and non-conventional energy resources

Description The Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana was launched

during 10th five year plan vide Ministry of Power order of 18th March 2005 and

continued in 11th plan vide order of Feb 2008 of Min. of Power. The Yojana aims

at: 1.Electrifying all villages and habitation as per revised definition. 2.Providing

access to electricity to all rural households. 3.Providing electricity connection to

Below Poverty Line(BPL) households free of cost service connection with single

light point.

Beneficiaries Family,Community,

Benefits Benefit TypeOthers, Other Benefits Access to electricity.

Eligibility criteria Below Poverty Line(BPL) households of village(s) not

electrified so far.

How to Avail Villages not electrified should report to Power Department, a nodal

agency executing Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana.

Validity of the Scheme Introduced On 18 / 03 / 2005 Valid Upto 31 / 08 / 2010

  PRADHAN MANTRI ADARSH GRAM YOJANA (PMAGY):

It is a new scheme launched in the Union Budget

2009-10 by the Union Government on a pilot basis for integrated development

0f 1,000 villages, each having more than 50% SC population.

There are about 44,000 villages in which the

population of scheduled castes is above 50 per cent. 

If the pilot scheme is successful the scheme will be

expanded to remaining villages.

Rajasthan has become the first state in the country to

launch the Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana (PMAGY), which aims to

achieve all-round, integrated development of selected villages through

convergent implementation of all relevant Central and State schemes in them.

SPONSERED BY:- CENTRAL GOVERNMENT.

OBJECTIVE:- The PMAGY's objective is to achieve

all-round, integrated development of selected villages with more than 50 per

cent Scheduled Caste population, through convergence of all relevant Central

and State schemes.

National Rural Health Mission (NRHM):

The National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), launched in 2006 as the central

government flagship project that would dramatically change the healthcare

system in rural India.

Kaveri Gill study is related to National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)

  The objective of National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) is to provide

accessible, affordable, accountable, effective and reliable health care, especially to

the poor and the vulnerable sections of the population in rural areas. 

The NRHM covers the entire country, with special focus on 18 States where

the challenge of strengthening poor public health systems and thereby improving

key health indicators is the greatest

SPONSERD BY: - Central government.

   Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA):

  One of the key components of the National Rural Health Mission is to provide

every village in the country with a trained female community health

activist – ‘ASHA’ or Accredited Social Health Activist for every village with a

population of 1000.

  ASHA will take steps to create awareness and she will counsel women on

birth preparedness, importance of safe delivery, breastfeeding and complementary

feeding, immunization, contraception and prevention of common infections

including Reproductive Tract infection/Sexually Transmitted Infection

(RTIs/STIs) and care of the young child. 

  The ASHA will be trained to work as an interface between the community and the

public health system.

  ASHA must primarily be a woman resident of the village – married/ widowed/

divorced, preferably in the age group of 25 to 45 years.

  NATIONAL RURAL EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE ACT (NREGA ):

  The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act or NREGA is an Indian job

guarantee scheme, enacted by legislation on August 25, 2005.

  This act was introduced with an aim of improving the purchasing power of the

rural people, primarily semi or un-skilled work to people living in rural India,

whether or not they are below the poverty line.

  The scheme provides a legal guarantee for one hundred days of employment in

every financial year to adult members of any rural household willing to do public

work-related unskilled manual work at the statutory minimum wage of Rs.100 per

day.

  The NREGA achieves twin objectives of rural development and employment.

  Around one-third of the stipulated work force must be women.

  The scheme started from February 2, 2006 in 200 districts, was expanded to cover

another 130 districts in 2007-2008 and eventually covered all 593 districts in India

in 2008. 

  It has been renamed as Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment

Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) on 2nd October, 2009.

  Allocation under NREGA increased by 40,100 cr in the Union Budget 20010-11

SPONSERED BY: - Central government.

 

SARVA SIKSHA ABHIYAN(SSA):

  The scheme of SSA was launched in 2001. 

  It is a flagship programme of the Government of India pioneered by Atal Bihari

Vajpayee for achievement of universalization of elementary education in a time

bound manner.

  The Abhiyan is to provide useful and relevant elementary education for children in

the 6-14 age group by 2010. 

  The assistance under the programme of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan was on a 85:15

sharing arrangement during the Ninth Plan, 75:25 sharing arrangement during the

Tenth Plan, and 50:50 sharing thereafter between the Central Government and the

State Government except for 8 NE states. SSA funding pattern which is in the

ratio of 55 to 45 between the Centre and the states at present.

  The programme covers the entire country with special focus on educational needs

of girls, SCs/STs and other children in difficult circumstances.

  The programme seeks to open new schools in those places which do not have

schooling facilities and strengthen existing school infrastructure through provision

of additional class rooms, toilets, drinking water, maintenance grant and school

improvement grant. 

 RASHTRIYA MADHYAMIK SHIKSHA ABHIYAN (RMSA):

SPONSERED BY:- central government.

Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) WAS LAUNCHED IN

MARCH 2009 is the most recent initiative of Government of India to

achieve the goal of universalisation of secondary education (USE) -

classes VIII to X.

The Programme was launched to improve secondary level education system

in India.

The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyaan program set up by the government to

bring elementary education to millions of children has been successful to a

large extent, and has thus created a need for strengthening secondary

education infrastructure across the country. 

In Jan 2009 CCEA (Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs) approved the

implementation.

It is announced in 2007 and it is proposed to implement during 11 th Five

Year plan

Rs.20,120 crore has been allocated for the Scheme during the 11th Five

Year Plan.

As the government has started implementing a new Rashtriya Madhyamik

Siksha Abhiyan scheme in secondary education with a funding patter of 50-

50 in the 12th Plan, the committee expressed apprehensions over its

implementation.

UPA government has decided to set up 6000 high quality nodal school in

during financial year 2009-10.

SWARNA JAYANTI GRAM SWAROZGAR YOJANA (SGSY):  

  The Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) was launched as an integrated

programme for self-employment of the rural poor with effect from 1 April 1999.

  Under the SGSY, assistance is given to the poor families living below the poverty

line in rural areas for taking up self employment. The persons taking up Self-

Employment are called swarozgaris.

  They may take up the activity either individually or in Groups, called the Self-Help

Groups.

  The SGSY aims at providing self-employment to villagers through the

establishment of Self-help groups.

  There are over 22 lakh Women’s Self Help Groups linked with banks. Reach of

SHGs to be widened to enrol at least 50 per cent of all rural women in India as

members of SHGs over the next five years.

  A Self- Help Group (SHG) may generally consist of 10-20 persons.

  In Union Budget 2009-10, The Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY)

restructured / renamed as National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) to make it

universal in application, focused in approach and time bound for poverty

eradication by 2014-15.

RASHTRIYA SWASTHYA BIMA YOJANA (RSBY):

Sponsored by Central Government

Ministry/Department RSBY has been launched by Ministry of Labour and Employment,

Eligibility criteria BPL (Below Poverty Line) Families comprising of husband ,wife

along with three dependents (total 5 member family.)

How to Avail Must hold Smart Card that is the identification card issued under the

Rashtriya swasthya Bima Yojana

Beneficiaries under RSBY are entitled to hospitalization coverage up to Rs. 30,000/-

for most of the diseases that require hospitalization.

  It was formally launched on October 1, 2007.

  It is a new health insurance scheme for the Below Poverty Line (BPL) families in

the unorganized sector.

  The objective of RSBY is to provide the insurance cover to below poverty line

(BPL) households from major health shocks that involve hospitalization. This card

will facilitate cashless transaction up to Rs 30 000

  The RSBY is being implemented in 27 States/Union Territories.

  In the Union Budget 2009-10, It is proposed that All BPL families to be covered

under Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY).

About 1.40 crore cards have been issued so far.

Rajiv Awas Yojana:

  It is a new scheme announced in the Union Budget 2009-10 for the slum dwellers

and the urban poor in an effort to promote a slum-free India in five years.

Rajiv Awas Yojana comes under JNNURM (Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban

Renewal Mission) on the lines of Indira Awas Yojana for rural poor.

ALLOCATION :- Rs.1,270 crore allocated in union budget 2010-11 as compared

to Rs.150 crore last year.

Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNUM):

  The Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM), launched on

  December 3rd 2005 is the largest national urban initiative to encourage reforms

and fast

  track planned development of 63 identified cities.

  JNNURM comprises two Sub-Missions:

o   Urban Infrastructure and Governance (UIG) (Sub-mission I)

o   Basic Services to the Urban Poor Urban (BSUP) (Sub-mission II)

Objectives:

  Focused attention to integrated development of basic services to the urban poor.

  Security of tenure at affordable price, improved housing, water supply, sanitation.

  Convergence of services in fields of education, health and social security.

  Ensuring adequate investment of funds to fulfill deficiencies in the basic services to

the urban poor.

  In simple JNNURM is designed to support: Provision of basic service to urban

poor, water supply, Road Network, Urban transport, Street lighting, Sewerage &

Sanitation and etc.

 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY):

  It is introduced in 1997 sponsored by Central Government.

  The Union Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation Ministry in November 2009

comprehensively revamped the Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY)

with a view to providing gainful employment to the urban unemployed and

underemployed.

  The new scheme will commence with financial year 2009-2010.

  The Swarna Jayanthi Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY) shall sheek to

provide gainful employment to the Urban unemployed or underemployed

poor through encouraging the setting up of self-employment ventures or provision

of wage employment. 

  The programme shall target the urban poor, defined as those living below the urban

poverty line, as defined from time to time.

  The Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana shall consist of two special schemes,

namely-

  i)The Urban Self-Employment Programme (USEP)

  ii)The Urban Wage Employment Programme (UWEP)

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana:

  Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana was launched by Govt. of India during 2007-08 to

incentives states to draw up plans for their agriculture sector more

comprehensively, taking agro-climatic conditions, natural resource and technology

into account and integrating livestock, poultry and fisheries fully.

  The RKVY aims at achieving 4% annual growth in the agriculture sector during

the XI Plan period, by ensuring a holistic development of Agriculture and Allied

Sectors.

      National Social Assistance Programme:

The programme was launched with effect from 15th August 1985 and under this

programme three sub-schemes are under implementation. They are.

1.      National Old Age Pension(NOAP)

2.      National Family Benefit Scheme (NEBS)

3.      Annapurna Scheme

National Old Age pension (NOAP):

  The Scheme is implemented to the Old Age persons who are living above 65

Years. Physically Handicapped persons and Leprosy destitute (Irrespective of

Age) who comes under Below Poverty line.

  The National Old Age Pension Scheme has been renamed as Indira Gandhi

National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOPS) and formally launched on 19th

November, 2007.

  The central contribution of pension under the Indira Gandhi National Old Age

Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS) is Rs. 200/- per month per beneficiary and the State

Governments may contribute over and above to this amount. At present old age

beneficiaries are getting anywhere between Rs. 200/- to Rs. 1000/- depending on

the State Contribution.

National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS)

  Under this scheme, in the death of primary breadwinner, the head of household is

untitled to get the benefit of Rs.10000/- in case normal deaths.

  The deceased persons should have been primary bread winner and in the age group

of more or less than 65 Years and who comes under Below poverty line and

residing in the district preceding 3 years.

  In case of accidental deaths. The benefit shall be extruded under

"APADBANDHU" scheme which covers carton incidents as prescribed by the

Government. The deceased family will get Rs. 50000/- or 10000/- depending upon

their age. 

Annapurna Scheme

  The Annapurna scheme has been launched with effect from 1st April, 2000.

  It aims at providing food security to meet the requirement of those Senior Citizens

who though eligible have remained uncovered under the National Old Age

Pension Scheme (NOAPS).

  Under the Annapurna Scheme, 10 Kg. of food grains per month are to be provided

'free of cost' to the Beneficiary. 

  The age of the applicant ( male or female) should be 65 years or above.

Two new schemes have been introduced in the Interim Budget 2009-10:

        'Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme' to provide pension of Rs.200 to

widows between age groups of 40-64 years and

      'Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme' to provide pension for severely

disabled persons. Widows in the age group of 18-40 years to be given priority in

admission to ITIs, Women ITIs and National/Regional ITIs for women.

Government to bear cost of their training and provide stipend of Rs.500 per

month

Aam Admi Bima Yojna (AABY):

  It was launched in 2nd October 2007.

  It is an Insurance Scheme. It covers the death and permanent disability for the

benefit of rural landless households between the age group of 18 to 59 years.

  The Scheme is being implemented through the LIC of India and inter alias.

  The scheme provides for insurance of head of the family or an earning member of

the family of rural landless household.

  50% will be contributed by the central Govt. and the rest 50% will be contributed

by the state Government.

NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVE MARKETING

FEDERATION OF INDIA LTD (NAFED) was established on the auspicious

day of Gandhi Jayanti on 2nd October 1958. Nafed is registered under the Multi

State Co-operative Societies Act. Nafed was setup with the objective to promote

Co-operative marketing of Agricultural Produce to benefit the farmers.

Agricultural farmers are the main members of Nafed, who have the authority to

say in the form of members of the General Body in the working of Nafed.

New managing director of NAFED is Shri Sanjeev Chopra, IAS (WB- 85),

Joint secretary (NHM) w.e.f 30/7/2010. C V Anand Bose former NAFED MD

was sacked for misuse of funds

NAFED is the apex body in cooperative sector and deals in procurement,

distribution, export and import of selected commodities. It provides

renumeration to d farmers for their produce and ensures timely payment.

Promotes agricultural marketing of agricultural products. Bridges the price

gap between the producer and the consumer.

AADIVASI MAHILA SASHAKTIKARAN YOJANA is a scheme

implemented by National Scheduled Tribes Finance Development Corporation

(NSTFDC). Adivasi Mahila Sashaktikaran Yojana (AMSY) a scheme exclusively

meant for empowerment of ST women. Under this financial assistance is extended

for schemes costing upto Rs. 50000/- at highly concessional interest rate of 4%

p.a.

NATIONAL LITERACY MISSION (NLM)

The Government of India initiated the National Literacy Mission (NLM) - in 1988.

The mission aims at imparting functional literacy to millions of Indians, especially

those in the age-bracket of 15-35 years. The goal of the National Literacy Mission

is to attain full literacy; It focuses on rural women and those belonging to

scheduled tribes, scheduled castes and minority communities.

The National Literacy Mission works at two levels:

1. General Council

2. Executive Council

The General Council is headed by the Ministry of Human Affairs and the

Executive Council by the Secretary (Elementary Education and Literacy). The

Directorate of Adult Education provides necessary technical and resource support

to the National Literacy Mission Authority (NLMA).

Three major campaigns under the National Literacy Mission:

Total Literacy Campaigns (TLC)

Post Literacy Programme (PLP)

Continuing Education Programme (CEP)

NATIONAL FOOD FOR WORK PROGRAMME

The National Food for Work Programme (was launched in 14th November, 2004 in

150 most backward districts of the country. The scheme was 100 per cent centrally

sponsored. The programme has since been subsumed in National Rural

Employment Guarantee Act which has come in force in 200 identified districts

of the country including 150 NFFWP districts. The Act provides 100 days of work

guarantee to every rural household whose members volunteer to do unskilled

manual work.

KISAN CREDIT CARDS (KCC)

The KCC Scheme was introduced in August 1998, to provide adequate and timely

credit to farmers in a hassle free and cost effective manner. The Scheme is being

implemented by Cooperative Banks, Regional Rural Banks and Commercial

Banks throughout the country. The banking system has issued 925.17 lakh KCCs

cumulatively as on 31 March 2010, since inception. An amount of Rs. 4,17,326

Crores has been sanctioned under KCCs till 31 March 2010, since the inception.

The Kisan credit cards (KCC) scheme, introduced in 1998-99 aims at providing

crop loans to farmers in a flexible and cost-effective Beneficiaries covered under

the KCC are issued with a credit card and a pass book or a credit card-cum-pass

book incorporating the name, address and particulars of land, borrowing limit, and

the validity period. manner. Nabard, which borrows from banks at a rate of interest

of 6 per cent, grants loans at 6.5 per cent to the State. Nabard allocates Rs 16,000

crore for the RIDF (THE RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT

FUND) each year for disbursements for all States. Karnataka ranked seventh,

while Uttar Pradesh ranked first in the allocation of funds under the RIDF, they

maintained.

KCC launched by NABARD to spur the credit growth among the marginalised

farmers. The easiest way to provide credit to farmers.

National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) has reported

the number of Kisan Credit Cards (KCCs) issued to the farmers all over India

during the last three years as under:-

Sr. No. Year Total no. of farmers who have been

issued KCC during the year.

1. 2007-08 8469602

2. 2008-09 8592473

3. 2009-107849966

  NATIONAL INVESTMENT FUND (created in 2007) - aimed at using the

disinvestment proceeds of public sector enterprises to fund social sector projects

and partly to meet capital investment requirements in profitable public sector

units.

This fund is generated through the money received from the sale of equity

in state – run companies.

The fund will help in revival of sick units of Public sector Companies of

Government of India

The money deposited in the fund will be used for social welfare schemes.

THE RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT FUND (RIDF)

RIDF-I was launched in 1995-96 for financing ongoing rural Infrastructure

projects. with an initial corpus of Rs.2000 crore. The Fund is maintained by the

National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD)

The main objective of the Fund is to provide loans to State Governments and

State-owned corporations to enable them to complete ongoing rural infrastructure

projects.

Total disbursement, under RIDF currently stands at Rs 1.22 lakh crore

The Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF) is the main instrument to

channelize bank funds for financing rural infrastructure. It is popular among State

Governments.  A separate window for rural roads was created under RIDF with a

corpus of Rs.4 thousand crore for each of the last three years.

NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY ACT (NFSA)

Every family below the poverty line in rural as well as urban areas will be entitled, by

law, to 25 kg of rice or wheat per month at Rs. 3 per kg.

will be implemented in 2000 blocks of BPL families.35 kg wheat and rice at the rate of 3 per kg.. and APL 25kg

NATIONAL SKILL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION (NSDC)NSDC is a first-of-its-kind Public-Private Partnership (PPP) in India that

facilitates skill development. A large part of its efforts are directed at skill

development programmes in the unorganised sector. The NSDC was set up as part

of a national skill development mission to fulfill the growing need in India for

skilled manpower across sectors and narrow the existing gap between the demand

and supply of skills.

In a move to give boost to the manufacturing sector, government is likely to form

National Skill Development Corp - a joint venture of government and industrial

associations for skill development of workers, within a month.

The Finance Minister announced the formation of the National Skill Development

Corporation (NSDC) in his Budget Speech (2008-09)

Objective

To contribute significantly (about 30 per cent) to the overall target of skilling /

upskilling 500 million people in India by 2022, mainly by fostering private sector

initiatives in skill development programmes and providing viability gap funding.

CROP-WISE AND MARKET-WISE PRICES

The prices of agricultural commodities are usually determined by market factors of

demand and supply. If there are many farmers producing the same commodity

then they will fetch a lesser price for their produce. If there is great demand from

consumers for a certain commodity then farmers can expect to get a higher price.

These prices keep changing daily. Other factors that determine the price of the

product are its quality, yield and pest free status. Climatic conditions, international

prices, cost of production and new laws may also affect the prices of agricultural

commodities. The price at different markets may be different. The government

has fixed minimum support prices for certain agricultural products. Farmers

also have the option to sell their produce to private dealers if they stand to get a

better profit.

MINIMUM SUPPORT PRICES

MSP is a part of agricultural pricing policy of the central government. It is

considered as a form of market intervention and also as one of the supportive

measures (safety nets) to the agricultural producers.

The main reason why the government fixes minimum support prices or MSPs is to

ensure remunerative prices to farmers to encourage higher investment and

production of agricultural commodities. Every year MSPs for major agricultural

products are announced which are fixed after taking into account the

recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP).

The CACP while recommending MSPs takes into account factors such as cost of

production, change in prices of inputs, demand and supply, market price trends

and cost of living among other factors.

Government organises Price Support Schemes as PSS of commodities through

various public and cooperative agencies such as

Food Corporation of India (FCI) ,

Cotton Corporation of India Ltd. (CCI)

National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation of India Ltd. (NAFED)

Tobacco Board and for which the MSPs are fixed

For commodities not covered under PSS, the government arranges for market

intervention on specific request from the States for a specific quantity at a

mutually agreed price. The losses, if any, are borne by the Centre and State on

a 50:50 basis.

LATEST DEVELOPMENT

.The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs, chaired by Prime Minister

Manmohan Singh, increased the minimum support price (per quintal): Arhar-Rs.

3,000, Moong-Rs. 3,170, Urad- Rs. 2,900, Paddy (common variety) Rs.1,000, and

for grade A at Rs.1,030, Groundnut- Rs.2,300, Sunflower-Rs. 2,350, Niger seed

Rs. 2,450,Soyabean (black)- Rs.1,400, Soyabean (yellow)- Rs.1440 and sesame-

Rs.2900, Jowar (hybrid), bajra andmaize, the minimum support price has been

raised by Rs. 40 and fixed at Rs. 880. MSPs of Jowar (Hybrid), Bajra and Maize

each have been raised by Rs. 40 per quintal and fixed at Rs.880 per quintal.

Presently, 25 major crops are covered under the minimum support price

program.

MICRO-FINANCE

Microfinance typically refers to various kind of small loans, savings, money

transfers and other kind of financial services targeted to low-income clients,

specially the poor and very poor who are without tangible assets. Prof Muhammad

Yunus, of Bangladesh Founded the concept of Microfinance. He was awarded the

noble prize in 2006 for his contribution in the institutions like microfinance and

grameen bank. Yunus founded the Grameen Banks in 1976 to make loans to poor

Bangladeshis. To ensure repayment , the bank uses the solidarity group. Small

informal groups apply together for loans and whose members acat as co-

gaurantors of repayment and support of one anothers efforts at economic self

advancement.

Allocation for development of micro and small-scale sector raised from Rs1,794

crore to Rs 2,400 crore.

First microfinance company in India to approach capital market is – SKS

Microfinance.

MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS

The banks which provide microfinance along with their other usual banking

services are also microfinance institutions.

Microfinance institutions include NGO’s, federation of SHG’s, Mutually aided

Cooperative societies (MACS) and NBFCs, state and national cooperatives.

Various micro finance institutions are

NABARD,

SCBs i.e Scheduled Commercial banks like BOB nd OBC,

RRBs i.e Regional Rural Banks (All Grameen Banks)

SIDBI ( Small Industries Development Bank of India)

Rashtriya Mahila Kosh (RMK)

Budget highlights:-

FINANCIAL INCLUSION

Augmentation of Rs.100 crore each for the Financial Inclusion Fund (FIF) and the

Financial Inclusion Technology Fund, which shall be contributed by Government

of India, RBI and NABARD.

RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Rs. 66,100 crore provided for Rural Development

Allocation for Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment

Guarantee Scheme stepped up to Rs.40,100 crore in 2010-11.

An amount of Rs.48,000 crore allocated for rural infrastructure programmes

under Bharat Nirman

Unit cost under Indira Awas Yojana increased to Rs.45,000 in the plain

areas and to Rs.48,500 in the hilly areas. Allocation for this scheme

increased to Rs.10,000 crore.

Allocation to Backward Region Grant Fund enhanced by 26 per cent

from Rs.5,800 crore in 2009-10 to Rs 7,300 crore in 2010-11.

Additional central assistance of Rs 1,200 crore provided for drought

mitigation in the Bundelkhand region.

Urban Development and Housing

Allocation for urban development increased by 75% to Rs 5,400

crore in 2010-11.

Rs.1,270 crore allocated for Rajiv Awas Yojana as compared to

Rs.150 crore last year.

Allocation for development of micro and small-scale sector raised

from Rs1,794 crore to Rs 2,400 crore.

UNORGANISED SECTOR

National Social Security Fund (NSSF) for unorganised sector workers

National Social Security Fund for unorganised sector workers to be set up with an

initial allocation of Rs.1000 crore. This fund will support schemes for weavers,

toddy tappers, rickshaw pullers, bidi workers etc

Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana benefits extended to all such Mahatma

Gandhi NREGA beneficiaries who have worked for more than 15 days during

the preceding financial year.

A new initiative, “Swavalamban” will be available for persons who join New

Pension Scheme (NPS), with a minimum contribution of Rs.1,000 and a

maximum contribution of Rs.12,000 per annum during the financial year 2010-

11, wherein Government will contribute Rs.1,000 per year to each NPS account

opened in the year 2010-11. Allocation of Rs.100 crore made for this initiative.

SOCIAL WELFARE

Mahila Kisan Sashaktikaran Pariyojana to meet the specific needs of women

farmers to be launched with a provision of Rs 100 crore as a sub-component of

the National Rural Livelihood Mission.

General GA

Prime minister Economic advisory council (PMEAC) released economic

outlook 2010-11, growth of farm sector would be 4.5% for this fiscal.

The annual wholesale price index based inflation at 6.5% by march 2011.

Recently Coca Cola and Pepsi has joined hands to form an Indian

Beverage Association.

The government approved the merger of State Bank of Indore with its

parent company, State Bank of India (SBI). This is the second merger of

this kind between SBI and one of its associate banks after State Bank of

Saurashtra was merged with the public sector banking behemoth in 2008.

The other five associates are State Bank of Travancore, State Bank of

Mysore, State Bank of Bikaner and Jaipur, State Bank of Hyderabad, and

State Bank of Patiala.

The Joint Liability Group (JLG) concept is aimed at helping farmers

who have small land holdings but don't have title deeds or other

documents to pledge, those who are tenants and those who can not get

credit from other sources. Ten such farmers can form a group and avail

the loan facility from PACCS (Primary Agriculture Co-operative Credit

Societies). The concept was introduced in the State budget in 2008-2009.

The groups were given Rs. 10,000 each as revolving fund by the

Government. They can borrow crop loans. If they repay it promptly, they

can get loans for other activities like purchase of milch animals,

agriculture equipments or for doing other business. “They have been

prompt in repaying the loan. Only eligibility for them to get loan is that

they should have convened weekly meetings with adequate attendance for

a period of time regularly

A Joint Liability Group (JLG) is an informal group comprising preferably of 4

to10 individuals coming together for the purposes of availing bank loan either

singly or through the group mechanism against mutual guarantee. The JLG

members would offer a joint undertaking to the bank that enables them to avail

loans. The JLG members are expected to engage in similar type of economic

activities like crop production. The management of the JLG is to be kept simple

with little or no financial administration within the group. JLGs can be formed

primarily consisting of tenant farmers and small farmers cultivating land

without possessing proper title of their land.

The SHG bank linkage programme was rolled out by Nabard in which

year –1992 to promote financial inclusion.

Ministry of Agriculture on May 12, 2010 released foodgrains third

advance estimate for the year 2009-10 which stands at 218.20 million

tones in second advance released on Feb 12, 2010 the estimate was

216.85 million tonne.

Recently SEC (Securities Exchange Commission of US) has charged

which organization for $550m—Goldmann Sachs.

Recently IMF and EU have suspened a funding programme of which

country?? Hungary as it was increasing its budget deficits and these two

IMF and EU wants it to reduce budget deficit