gprs edge-3 g srm
DESCRIPTION
GSM EDGE & 3G Data CommunicationTRANSCRIPT
1
Technical Overview of
Data Evolution over GSM Cellular Networks
(GPRS, EDGE & 3G)
Dilip Kumar Mitra
Vice President-Networks (Hutchison Essar)
2
Evolution of GSM
3
Industry Convergence
Convergence toInternet Protocol
Media• streaming audio• video-on-demand• interactive video services• TV / radio / data contribution & distribution
mobility
personal services
Telecommunication
• ISDN services• video telephony• wideband data services
mobility
wideband services
Computer• Internet access• electronic mail• real-time images• multimedia• mobile computing
mobility
high-speed services
Internet
4
Evolution of Wireless Technologies
1st Generation(1G)
2nd Generation(2G)
3rd Generation(3G)
• Analog Based Cellular Technology• Voice Services
• Introduction to Digital Technologies•Voice and Low speed Data Services
• Next Generation of Digital systems•Voice and High speed data services
Evolution of Wireless Technologies
5
Dat
a R
ate
Circuit Switched Data
Packet DataGSM Data (9.6kbps)
GSM Data (14.4kbps)
HSCSD (56kbps)
GPRS (140kbps)
EGPRS (384kbps)
UMTS (2Mbps)
EDGEPacket Data
Digital Data Evolution
6
3G Market Evolution
3G
UMTSUMTS2G
Packet data support
GPRSGPRS
GSM
TDMA
GSM
TDMAEDGE
Phase II
EDGE
Phase II
EDGEEDGE
Operator Migration Paths
7
GSM/GPRS
EDGE
W-CDMA
W-CDMAHigh QoS
Transforming the Nature of Communications
8
GPRS Technology Overview
9
Internetworld
GSN Complex
GPRS Network
GGSN
10
Circuit & Packet Switching
11
• Efficient Packet Data Service up to 171kbps
• Allows users to send and receive data in an end-to-end packet mode without utilizing network resources in circuit switched mode
• Allows for cost effective and efficient use of network resources for packet applications
– intermittent, non periodic data transmission
– frequent (several per minute) transmission of small volumes of data
– occasional (several/hour) transmissions of larger volumes of data
GPRS Service
12
Applications for GPRS
• Chat
• Text and visual information
• Still images
• Moving pictures
• Web browsing
• Vehicle positioning
• Remote LAN Access
• Home automation
• Interactive games
GPRS Applications
13
Service Access
GPRS Requirements
14
# Multiple MSs may use a single TS# Multiple MSs may share multiple TS
# A single MS may use Multiple TS ( upto 8 )
# Different MSs may use one of four channel coding schemes
# Each radio may use one of four channel coding schemes
Coding Scheme User Data Rate Error Correction
CS-1 9.05 Kbps High
CS-2 13.4 Kbps Medium
CS-3 15.6 Kbps Low
CS-4 21.4 Kbps None
GPRS Information Rates
15
GSM Network Architecture
16
Mobile Services Switching Center
17
GSM Channel Coding
18
# Wireless channels are expensive & scarce# Radio resources used by many users# Allocation on necessity # No connection setup required# Charging while using# Wide range of QOS to suit user profile
Packet v/s Circuit Switching
19
GPRS Network Entities
20
• Mobility Management
• Ciphering
• Compression
• GSM Circuit Switched Interactions
• BSS Queue Management
• Data Packet Counting
Serving GPRS Support Node-Functionality
21
• Transport Layer Routing Protocol Support
• PDU Tunnelling
• Screening
• Data/Packet Counting
• Address Mapping, Routing Tables
Gateway GPRS Support Node - Functionality
22
Mobility Management activities are related to a GPRS sub by 3 MMstates
Idle : In idle state the sub is not attached to GPRS MM. The MS an SGSN context hold no location or routing info of mobile.GPRS MS is not reachable for PTP data transfers
Standby : In this state the sub is attached to GPRS MM. The sub may now receive pages for data transfers. Transmission and reception of data is not possible
Ready State : This corresponds to standby state extended by locationfor the sub at cell level. The MS may send and receivePTP PDUs in this state
GPRS Mobility Management States
23
GMM State Models for MS & SGSN
MS SGSN
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Class A The MS is attached to both GPRS and other GSM services, and the MS supportssimultaneous operation of GPRS and other services
Class B The MS is attached to both GPRS and other GSM services, but the MS can onlyoperate one set of services at a time.
Class C The MS is exclusively attached to the GPRS services. Service selection is from either the default setting or by manual user setting
A GPRS mobile can operate in one of three modes of operation
GPRS Mobile Stations
25
GPRS Mobile Station - Class “A”
26
GPRS Mobile Station - Class“B”
27
GPRS Mobile Station - Class “C”
28
GPRS Timeslot Configurations
29
Different Multi-slot classes
30
Different Multi-slot classes (contd.)
31
Network operation - Mode I
32
Network operation - Mode II
33
Network operation - Mode III
34
GPRS Specific Logical Channels
35
Mobile Identity
36
GPRS protocol stack between MS & Application
layers
37
Enhanced Data for Global Evolution
Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution
38
•Enhanced Data for Global Evolution EDGE Builds on General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) air interface and networks Path to 3G for both GSM and TDMA operators
• New modulation and coding scheme
• 8PSK in addition to GMSK
• Same GSM channel structure (200kHz)
What is EDGE??
39
GSMGSM GPRSGPRS EDGEEDGE2.4 kbps2.4 kbps4.8 kbps4.8 kbps9.6 kbps9.6 kbps14.4 kbps14.4 kbps(future)(future) GMSKGMSK
9.05 kbps 9.05 kbps (CS1)(CS1)
13.4 kbps 13.4 kbps (CS2(CS2))15.6 kbps 15.6 kbps (CS3)(CS3)
21.4 kbps 21.4 kbps (CS4)(CS4)
8PSK8PSK
8.8 kbps 8.8 kbps (MCS-1)(MCS-1)11.2 kbps 11.2 kbps (MCS-2)(MCS-2)14.8 kbps 14.8 kbps (MCS-3)(MCS-3)17.6 kbps 17.6 kbps (MCS-4)(MCS-4)22.4 kbps 22.4 kbps (MCS-5)(MCS-5)29.6 kbps 29.6 kbps (MCS-6)(MCS-6)44.8 kbps 44.8 kbps (MCS-7)(MCS-7)54.4 kbps 54.4 kbps (MCS-8)(MCS-8)59.2 kbps 59.2 kbps (MCS-9)(MCS-9)
473K Addresses 473K Addresses Virtually All 3G Virtually All 3G
Application NeedsApplication Needs
EDGE Data Rates
40
Data rates…
Commercial
Commercial 4 TS4 TSProjected 4Q2003
Available 3Q2003 WCDMA
Voice, SMS
Internet Web Access
Database Access
Synchronization
Document Transfer
Location Services
Still Image Transfer
Video Lower Quality
Video High Quality
= Excellent = Fair= Poor
9.6 14.4 32 64 128 384 2000Data Rates (Kbps)
Max Technology Transmit Speed Capability
UMTS/CDMA2000 6X+
EDGE/CDMA2000 3X
GPRS/CDMA2000 1X
EDGE (4TS)
GPRS CS3/4 (4TS)
Technology
Applications Application Performance Rating
EDGE can support most of today’s applications !!
EDGE Data Rates
41
Overview of EGPRS: Key Features
• New modulation – 8PSK (3 bit coded in one symbol) and GMSK
• Coding schemes– Nine coding schemes with varying degree of protections
– Code Families enabling re-segmentation
• Header and data coded with different coding schemes
Overview of E- GPRS : Key Features
42
Coding Schemes
How are these EDGE data rates achieved ?
Scheme Modulation Maximum rate [kbps]
Code Rate
MCS - 9 8PSK 59.2 1.00
MCS - 8 56.2 0.92
MCS - 7 44.8 0.76
MCS - 6 29.6 0.49
MCS - 5 22.4 0.37
MCS - 4 GMSK 17.6 1.0
MCS - 3 14.8 0.85
MCS - 2 11.2 0.66
MCS - 1 8.8 0.53
FlexibleModulation Schemes
FlexibleCode Rates
EDGE Coding Schemes
43
Network Planning Overview
EDGE• Evolution of GPRS• Support for Multiple Bearer Rates (up to 59.2 kbps per timeslot)• Same Network Architecture
BSC
PCU
MSC
SGSN GGSN
GMSC
BTS
RequiresEvolution
MS
Major Planning Tasks• Air Interface• Transmission Network
Network Planning Overview
44
Rate Code RateCS-1 8 kb/s 0.5CS-2 12 kb/s 0.66CS-3 14.4 kb/s 0.75CS-4 20 kb/s 1.0
GMSK (1 bit/s/symbol)
GPRS
Rate Code Rate Header Code Rate MCS-5B 22.4 kb/s 0.37 0.33 MCS-6A 29.6 kb/s 0.49 0.33 MCS-7B 44.8 kb/s 0.76 0.36MSC-8A 56.2 kb/s 0.92 0.36MCS-9A 59.2 kb/s 1.00 0.368-PSK (3 bit/s/symbol)
GMSK (1 bit/s/symbol)
Rate Code Rate Header Code RateMCS-1C 8.8 kb/s 0.53 0.51 MCS-2B 11.2 kb/s 0.66 0.51MCS-3A 14.8 kb/s 0.85 0.51MCS-4C 17.6 kb/s 1.00 0.51
EDGE
Overview of EGPRS: Key FeaturesOverview of E- GPRS: Key features
45
Overview of EGPRS: Key Features
• Incremental Redundancy– Code combining feature for all coding schemes– The EGPRS data block can be badly corrupted and the header still decoded
due to higher protection for the header.
– The corrupted data block is stored with its BSN instead of being discarded.
– The block can be recombined with another iteration of this block.
• Same data blocks are re-transmitted with different puncturing schemes ; there are 2 or 3 puncturing possible in the MCS. (P1, P2 or P3).
• Through protection on different data, code combining leads to SIR gain and hence coverage area of higher coding schemes increases.
Incremental Redundancy
46
Overview of EGPRS: Key Features: MS Aspects
• Class 1 to class 12– Most common MS classes– Maximum of four timeslots can be assigned simultaneously in both directions
(UL and DL)
• Class 13 to 18 (Type 2)– Require separated receiver and transmitter– High battery consumption, expensive
• Class 19 to 29– Only with fixed allocation– Fixed allocation removed from specifications (Release 4)– No BSS vendor supports fixed allocation
Overview of E-GPRS : Key features- MS Aspects
47
Overview of EGPRS: Key Features: MS Aspects
• Maximum downlink MS multislot support– MS class 8– 4Rx and 1 simultaneous Tx timeslot
• Maximum uplink MS multislot support– MS class 11 and 12– 3Tx and 2 simultaneous Rx timeslots
• Currently only 2 Tx timeslots supported• Maximum uplink multislot usage 3 Tx
– Extended dynamic allocation required to support 3 Tx– 4 Tx timeslots in question due to specification issue– Unlikely to have more than 3 Tx timeslots in 2G networks
Overview of E-GPRS : Key features- MS Aspects
48
Overview of EGPRS: Key Features: MS Aspects
• What EGPRS MS capabilities can be expected in the future– Type 1 EGPRS mobiles will be restricted to 4Rx and 3Tx
– EGPRS requires high amount of memory and CPU in the MS
– Initially class 4 mobiles available (3Rx)
– EGPRS capable mobiles will be available in 2004
Overview of E-GPRS: Key features
- MS Aspects
49
Cell Range and Coverage
Percentage of cell covered by each Coding schemeCapacity limited example scenario
MCS-1 100%
MCS-6 80%
MCS-7 60%
MCS-9 29%
MCS-8 39%
Average rate across cell is40 kbit/s per TS
EDGE Cell
Datarate % cell area
covered
Cell Range & Coverage
50
What Next ?
3G Data Technologies
51
From 2G to 3G
2G
2.5G
3GPhase 1
3GPhase 2
•GPRS General Packet radio service•Medium data rates even with EDGE•CDMA2000 1X may be included here
•High speed packet data•Voice is still circuit switched
•All IP network (including voice)
From 2G to 3G
52
2G Services
• Analog fax,circuit switched data support
• SMS(short message service)
• Supplementary services
• Voice mail
• Prepaid cellular
2G Services
53
2G Limitations
• Capacity
• Limited Roaming capabilities
• Limited support for packet data
• No multimedia
• Data rate 14.4-64kbps
• Uni-service network
2G Limitations
54
3G Network Architecture
PSTN Internet
CS CoreNetwork
PS CoreNetwork
(RAN)RadioAccess UIM
MS
3G Network Architecture
55
Han
dse
t C
on
verg
ence
2.5G2.5G
3G3G2G2G
CDMA
2G
3G2.5G2.5G
GPRS
GSMTDMA
CDMA2000 1XCDMA2000 1X
OperatorOperator
OperatoriDEN
TDMA IS-136GSM 900GSM 1800PCS 1900
IS95AIS95A IS95BIS95B
CDMA2000 1xEV Data Only (DO)
CDMA2000 1xEV Data Only (DO)
CDMA2000 1xEV Data & Voice (DV)CDMA2000 1xEV Data & Voice (DV)
EDGEEDGEUMTSUMTS
14.4 Kbps – 64 Kbps – 144 Kbps – 384 Kbps – 2 Mbps & up14.4 Kbps – 64 Kbps – 144 Kbps – 384 Kbps – 2 Mbps & up
Migration Paths to 3GMigration Paths to 3G
56
Hutch Service Offering ….. Examples
57
GPRS attach / PDP sessionGPRS attach
MS is assigned PDP (IP) addressPacket transmission can take place
Separate or combined GSM/GPRS attachMS registers with an SGSN (authentication...)Location update possible
PDP context is created
GPRS detach
PDP context terminatedAllocated IP address released
In case of dynamic address
allocation
DHCPRADIUS
58
PDP context
PDP context describes characteristics of GPRS session (session = “always on” connection)
PDP context information is stored in MS, SGSN and GGSN
MSMS
GGSNGGSNSGSNSGSN
::::::::::::
::::::::::::
::::::::::::
PDP type (e.g. IPv4)
PDP address = IP address of MS (e.g. 123.12.223.9)
Requested QoS (priority, delay …)
Access Point Name (GGSN address as seen from MS)
PDP type (e.g. IPv4)
PDP address = IP address of MS (e.g. 123.12.223.9)
Requested QoS (priority, delay …)
Access Point Name (GGSN address as seen from MS)
One user may have several PDP sessions active 123.12.223.9
123.12.223.0
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PDP context activation
MSMS GGSNGGSNSGSNSGSN
::::::::::::
Activate PDP context request
Create PDP context request
Create PDP context response
Activate PDP context accept ::::::::::::
::::::::::::
IP address allocated to MS
Security functions
60
Packet transmission (1)
MS (client)
MS (client)
GGSNGGSN
SGSNSGSN Server (IP, WAP..)
Server (IP, WAP..)
IP backbone
Dynamic IP address allocation has one problem:it is difficult to handle a mobile terminated transaction(external source does not know IP address of MS)
Fortunately, packet services are of client-server type=> MS initiates packet transmission
?
61
Packet transmission (2)
MS (client)
MS (client)
GGSNGGSN
SGSNSGSN Server (IP, WAP..)
Server (IP, WAP..)
Packet is sent to SGSN. SGSN sends packet to GGSN through GTP (GPRS Tunnelling Protocol) tunnel.
Packet is tunnelled through IP backbone
IP address ...IP address ... IP addressIP address IP payloadIP payload
Tunnelling = encapsulation of IP packet in GTP packet
... = APN of GGSN, used for routing through tunnel
62
Packet transmission (3)
MS (client)
MS (client)
GGSNGGSN
SGSNSGSN Server (IP, WAP..)
Server (IP, WAP..)
GGSN sends packet through external IP network (i.e. Internet) to IP/WAP server.
Source IP addr.Source IP addr. Dest. IP addr.Dest. IP addr. IP payloadIP payload
GGSN
Source IP address:
GGSN
Server
63
Packet transmission (4)
MS (client)
MS (client)
GGSNGGSN
SGSNSGSN Server (IP, WAP..)
Server (IP, WAP..)
Server sends return packet via GGSN, GTP tunnel and SGSN to MS.
Packets from server to MS are always routed via GGSN (since this node has PDP context information).
Dest. IP address:
GGSNDest. tunnel
address: SGSN
Dest. IP address: MS
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PDP Context (IP Allocation to MS)
SGSNBSCGGSN
HLR
Hutch GPRS
1
2
3
5
MMS
1-2 > PDP Context Activation Request
3 > User Access verification (If APN is subscribed)
4 > DNS resolves the APN name (=MMS) to select GGSN
6-8 > IP address is provided to the MS via SGSN (PDP Context activation)
User A ( APN = MMS)DNS
4
67
8
IP=10.14.210.16
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MMS Submission (“MMS” APN)
Hutch GPRS
SGSNBSC GGSN
SMS
SMSC
SMS notification
FIREWALL MMSC
Hutch GPRS
Message storage
1
2 3 4 9
6
8
10
MMS
1-3 > MMS Send (Payload)
4-5 > GGSN routes the Payload to WAP G/W via Firewall ( Routed using G/W IP Address)
6-7 > WAP G/w resolves the MMSC name using DNS and forwards the Payload to MMSC
8 > MMS stores the Payload (MMS Message )
9-10 > SMS notification is sent to the User B
User B
WAP G/w
5 7
DNS
66
MMS Delivery (“MMS” APN )
Hutch GPRS
User B
SGSNBSC GGSN
SMS
SMSC
Delivery notification
FIREWALLMMSC
Hutch GPRS
Message storage
1
2 3 4 10
6
8
11
MMS
1-3 > MMS Retrieve (Payload)
4-5 > GGSN routes the Payload to WAP G/W via Firewall - Routed using G/W IP Address
6-7 > WAP G/w resolves the MMSC name using DNS and forwards the Payload to MMSC
8-9 > User B retrieves the Payload (MMS Message )
9-10 > SMS Delivery report is sent to the User A (if requested)
User A
WAP G/w
5 7
DNS9
67
Portal WAP(WML) Browsing (“portal” APN )
User A
Hutch GPRS
SGSNBSC GGSN
FIREWALL
Hutch Portal
1
2 3 4
6
WAP
1-3 > URL Send (Payload)
4-5 > GGSN routes the Payload to WAP G/W via Firewall ( Routed using G/w IP Address)
6-7 > WAP G/w resolves the URL name using DNS and forwards the Payload to MMSC
8-10 > Content of the Hutch Portal is downloaded to User A
WAP G/w
5
7
DNS
910
InternetAccess to Internet
via WAP Gateway
8
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BSCs
DXX based FR N/W
Gujarat
MumbaiMumbai
SGSN 3.0GGSN 4.0
Billing GW Service LAN
BSCs
Local Applications
InternetIntranets
KolkataDXX based FR N/W BSCs
Rajasthan
BangaloreBangalore
SGSN 3.0BSCs
DelhiDelhi
SGSN 3.0BSCs
BSCs
Chennai
BSCs
AP
DXX based FR N/W
Kolkata
DXX based FR N/W
BSCs
UP East
Kolkata
DXX based FR N/W
BSCs
Punjab
KolkataDXX based FR N/W
BSCs
Kolkata
Kolkata
DXX based FR N/W
BSCs
Haryana
Kolkata
DXX based FR N/W
BSCs
UP West
Hutch Implementation
69
Hutch Applications!!
70
Hutch Access
Access to the internet
from any Hutch circle
Access via GPRS. Faster
connectivity.
Complete access to be in
touch all times
71
Your office mail on your phone SMS alert when you receive mail
in your inbox. Customise alert timings.
You can read/ reply or delete thru SMS
72
• Welcome to HutchMail a whole new way to communicate through your Hutch phone, so that you are never out of touch with business matters.
• HutchMail brings all the key features of Microsoft Outlook, straight from your desktop to your Hutch phone.
• HutchMail utilizes push-technology, which keeps you up-to-date with your important emails and calendar appointments – where ever you are.
HutchMail Solution
73
Architecture
• HutchMail Enterprise Server software is installed on a computer connected to your LAN
• HutchMail application software installed on your phone maintains a connection with your HutchMail Enterprise Server using Internet on the Hutch GPRS network
Public Internet Domain
Public Internet Domain
Exchange serverHutchMail Enterprise Server (dedicated machine)
Hutch Phone running HutchMail Client
HutchGPRS
128-bit AES End-to-End encryption
EnterpriseFirewall
74
• HutchMail Flow Diagram
User 1
User 2
Exchange Email server
Firewall
HutchMail Enterprise
server
Internet
Firewall
GPRS Network
Exchange/Domino Email server
75
Supported Devices
The pieces are in place• Data networks are
deployed
• A variety of usable devices are available
• Email and PIM drive mobile data usage
Smartphone
Pocket PC
76
Key Features
View Attachments
Accept or DeclineMeeting Requests,synchronize calendar OTA.
View email –online or offline Receive and
send email with full 2-way, immediate synchronization
77
Email Functionality
• View messages in real-time, receive data on your Hutch Phone and desktop simultaneously
• Display read/unread status, sender, subject and received date
• Delete, reply to sender, reply to all, or forward a message
• Open and respond to meeting request emails
• All actions mirrored to desktop view in real time, over the air
• Display and edit original message on replying or forwarding
• Receive save, edit and send attachments in native format, e.g. Pocket Word, Excel, PowerPoint and PDF.
•Device specific limitations apply. Windows Mobile 2003 Phone Edition devices offer
the widest range of functionality
78
Calendar Functionality
• HutchMail enables you to manage your calendar while out and about as if you were in the office.
• View, edit and update existing calendar entries either on the mobile device or at the desktop.
• Display calendar data in standard Outlook or Notes formats
• All calendar actions mirrored to the desktop view and to the mobile device in real-time, over the air
• Set reminders, add notes to an appointment
• Responses added to calendar entry and mirrored to desktop view
79
Deployment & Site Readiness
System Requirement– Minimum PC configuration:
– Intel (>1 GHz) CPU
– 512 MB RAM
– 100 MB free disk space
– Operating system:– Windows 2000 Server SP3, or higher Installed
– Installed additional software:– Outlook/Lotus Notes Client
– A new user account for the HutchMail Enterprise Server (e.g. [email protected]) has to be created.
80
Key Benefits
• Support all messaging environment –Exchange, Domino, POP3, IMAP4
• Real-time push: Messages, contacts and calendar data is automatically pushed to your Hutch phone; no waiting or manual checking necessary.
• Wide device support: Available for popular devices like Nokia, Sony Ericsson, Windows Mobile – PocketPC & Smartphone. You can use your existing phone
• Unified view: Any change in email or calendar data is instantaneously mirrored on the server. Users always have the same view to their data, both in and out of the office.
• End-to-end secure: All traffic is protected with AES 128-bit encryption.
• Lowest cost of ownership: Easy installation and management - requires no firewall or configuration changes. Have your users set up in a matter of hours.
81
HutchMail - Tomorrow • Personal contacts get automatically synchronized to the mobile device.
• Global Address list support for office contacts
• Tasks are automatically pushed to the mobile device
• Support for subfolders
• Support for multiple accounts
• Improved security features enable administrators to remotely clear the PIM data from the handset, in case device is lost or stolen.
82
Thank You