grammar book
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Grammar book](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082921/555d31ded8b42a766e8b49b7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
GRAMMAR BOOK
By: Sydney DiMilia2nd Period12-6-10
![Page 2: Grammar book](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082921/555d31ded8b42a766e8b49b7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Table of Contents
• Ser• Estar• Hacer Expressions• Verbs like Gustar• Pretartio• Trigger Words• -car, -gar, -zar• Spock verbs
• Cucaracha verbs• Snakes• Snakeys• Commands• DOPs• Irregulars• IOPs• ‘Se’ impersonal
![Page 3: Grammar book](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082921/555d31ded8b42a766e8b49b7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Ser Descriptions
Origin
Characteristics
Time
Occupation
Relationships
Possession
Events
Dates
![Page 4: Grammar book](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082921/555d31ded8b42a766e8b49b7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
EstarHealth
Emotions
Location
Present Condition
I
N
G
![Page 5: Grammar book](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082921/555d31ded8b42a766e8b49b7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Hacer Expressions
Present Tense: Since and For Preterit Tense: Ago
HACE+ TIME+ QUE+ VERBExample: Hace un problemas con Pedro per tres
días.
![Page 6: Grammar book](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082921/555d31ded8b42a766e8b49b7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Verbs Like Gustar
• Dolar(o-ue): to hurt• Fascinar: to facinate• Molestar: to bother• Encantar: to love• Faltar: to lack, to be in
need of• Importar: to be important
to• Disgustar: to discust
Me
Te
Le
Nos
Os
Les
![Page 7: Grammar book](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082921/555d31ded8b42a766e8b49b7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Pretérito
Form Hablar Comer Escribir
Yo hablé comí escribí
Tú hablaste comiste escribiste
Ust. habló comió escribió
Nosotros hablamos comimos escribimos
Ustes. hablaron comieron escribieron
- A definite time in the past with a beginning and/or ending.
![Page 8: Grammar book](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082921/555d31ded8b42a766e8b49b7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Trigger Words• Ayer: yesterday• Anteayer: day before
yesterday • A las ocho: at 8 o’clock• El Miércoles: on Wednesday• El día anterior: the day
before• El Lunes pasado: last Monday• El fin se semana pasado: last
weekend• Ayer por la mañana:
yesterday morning
• El otrodía: the other day• Una vez: one time/once• Esta tarde: this afternoon• Esta noche: tonight• Entonces: then• Desede el primer momento:
for the moment• Durante dos siglos: during 2
centuries• En ese momento: in the
moment/then• Hace dos días: two days ago
![Page 9: Grammar book](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082921/555d31ded8b42a766e8b49b7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
-Car, -Gar, -Zar
Tocar Jugar Comenzar
toqué jugué comencé
tocaste jugaste comenzaste
tocó jugó comenzó
toamos jugamos comenzamos
tocaron jugaron comenzaron
![Page 10: Grammar book](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082921/555d31ded8b42a766e8b49b7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Spock Verbs
VER
DAR
SER
IR
HACER
Ir/SerFuiFuisteFueFuimosFueron
HacerHiceHiciteHizoHicimosHicieron
DarDiDisteDioDimosDieron
VerViVisteVioVimosVieron
![Page 11: Grammar book](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082921/555d31ded8b42a766e8b49b7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Cucaracha VerbsAndarEstarPoderPonerQuererSaberTenerVener
Anduv-Estuv-Pud-Pus-Quis-Sup-Tuv-Vin-
ConducirProducirTraducir
Conduj-Produj-Traduj-
DecirTraer
Dij-Traj-
•E•Iste•O•Imos•Istes•Eron
Drop “I” for “ieron”
![Page 12: Grammar book](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082921/555d31ded8b42a766e8b49b7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Snakes y SnakeysDormí
Dormiste
Durmó
Dormimos
Dormisteis
Durmieron
Pedi
Pediste
Pidio
Pedimos
Pedisteis
Pidieron
leí
leíste
leyo
leímos
leísteis
leyeron
Leer, creer, oir I to Y in 3rd person
![Page 13: Grammar book](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082921/555d31ded8b42a766e8b49b7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Object Pronoun Rules
• DOP• IOP• Reflexive Pronouns
ONLY ATTACHES TO ADVERB IN 3 INSTANCES
1. Infinitive2. Positive command3. Gerund
![Page 14: Grammar book](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082921/555d31ded8b42a766e8b49b7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Commands
• Put the verb in “yo” form• Change it to the opposite vowel• Positive add DOP• Negative precedes the congregated
verb
Lo
los
La
Las
![Page 15: Grammar book](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082921/555d31ded8b42a766e8b49b7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
DOP
• Answers the question of what is receiving direct action of the verb.
Example:I gave it to her.Se lo di.
Me
Te
Le
Nos
Os
Les
![Page 16: Grammar book](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082921/555d31ded8b42a766e8b49b7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Irregulars
• T- tenga• V- venga• D- de• I- vaya• S- sea• H- haga• E- este• S- sepa
![Page 17: Grammar book](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082921/555d31ded8b42a766e8b49b7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
IOP
• Answers the question of to whom or for whom.
Example:She gave it to me.Me lo dio.
Me
Te
Le
Nos
Os
Les
![Page 18: Grammar book](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082921/555d31ded8b42a766e8b49b7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
‘Se’ Impersonal
1. Use se to avoid specifying a person who is doing the action of the verb.
1. Se vende fruta en la frutería.
2. When using se, the verb is always in the 3th person.
1.Aquí se habla español.
3. Se can be used in all tenses. 1. Se hizo mucho.2. Se había hecho.