grammar book
TRANSCRIPT
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By: Katia Hall
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• Nationalities
• Stem Changing
• Para
• Indirect Object Pronouns
• Object Pronoun Placement
• Gustar
• Affirmative and Negative Words
• Superlatives
• Reflexives
• Affirmative commands and irregulars
• Negative commands and irregulars
• Sequencing events
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Dormir – o>ue
Duermo Dormimos
Duermes
Duerme Duermen
Pedir – e>i
Pido Pedimos
Pides
Pide Piden
Jugar – u>ue
Juego Jugamos
Jueges
Juege Juegen
Pensar – e>ie
Pienso
Pensamos
Pienses
Piense Piensen
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- for, in order
to
Examples:
• Vive para comer. He lives in order to eat.
• Voy a la escuela para aprender español.I go to school in order to learn spanish
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Me Nos
Te
Le Les
Conjugated
verb
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1. Attach the pronoun to the infinitive
2. Attach the pronoun to a progressive
tense
3. Attach the pronoun to a affirmative
command
4. Place the pronoun before a conjugated
verb When the pronoun
accompanies a conjugated
verb the pronoun comes
before the verb.
When the pronoun accompanies a sentence
with an infinitive, it can either go before the
conjugated verb or be attached to the end of
the ininitive.Example:
• Rosa le compra una olla a
su madre.
Example:
• Rosa quiere comprarie una olla a su
madre.
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(Plural)(Singular)
Me gustar Nos gustar
(globas) (globas)
Te gustar
(globas)
Le gustar Les
gustar
(globas) (globas)
Me gusta Nos
gusta
(escuela)
(escuela)
Te gusta
(escuela)
Le gusta Les gusta
(escuela)
(escuela)
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When talking about an indefinite or negative situations you
use and affirmative or negative words.
Algo - something
Alguien - someone
Algúan/alguno(a) -
same
Siempre - always
También - also
Examples:
• Nadie me invitó a cenar. Pero
alguien te invitó a ti.
• Ana nunca estudia pero siempre
saca notas muy buenas.
Examples:
• Las chicas nunca comen en casa.
• Carlos no guiere ninguno de los
postres.
Nada – nothing
Nadie – no one
Ninguno – none, not
any
Nunca – never
Tampoco - neither
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ísimo
ísimos
ísima
ísimas
+Adjective
s
And
Adverbs
=Extreme
Adjective
s
Or
Adverbs
Examples:
• Malo – malísimo
• Muchas –
muchímas
• Dificil –
dificilísimoAdjectives and
adverbs ending in “c
, g , or z” change
spelling to
“qu , gu , and c”
Example:
• Rico –
riquísimo
Adjectives ending
in
“N or R” form by
adding “cícimo”
Examples:
• Joven - jovencícimo
• Trabajador -
Trabajadorcícimo
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Used to describe people doing things for themselves.
NO reflexive if the person is doing the action not receiving
it.Reflexive example:
• Kelsey se lava.Kelsey washes herself.
• Primero me pongo la
ropa!
First I put on my clothes!
Not Reflexive example:
• Kelsey lava el carro.
Kelsey washes the car.
When you use the infinitive form of a reflexive verb after a conjugated
verb, be sure to use the correct reflexive pronoun.
Example:
• Me quiero levantar temprano.I want to get up early.
You can also put the reflexive
pronoun in front of the conjugated
verb
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Give instructions or commands to someone by using the
affirmative tú commands of regular verbs.
Examples:
• Camina
r
• Comer
• Abrir
• Camin
a
• Come
• Abre
• Camina en el parque.
• Come toda la
hamburguesa.
• Abre la puerta, quiero
entrar.
It is a tú command, but ends like an “el , ella , usted” form.
Decir
Di
Hacer
Haz
Ir
Ve
Poner
Pon
Salir
Sal
Ser
Sé
Tener
Ten
Venir
Ven
Infinitive
Affirmative tú
command
Example:
• Primero haz los quehaceresFirst do the chores
When using an object pronoun, attach the
pronoun to the end of the command.
Example: Cruza el parque Crúzalo.
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When you tell someone what NOT to do, use a negative
command.1. Put into “yo”
2. Change vowel
3. Add “s”ar e
er, ir a
Dar/decir no des
Ir no vayes
Ser no seas
Hacer no hagas
Estar no estés
Saber no sepas
Tener no tengas
Venir no vengas
Examples:
• No le des mi dirección a
nadie.Don’t give my address to anyone.
• No vayas a la tiendaDon’t go to the store.
• No seas malaDon’t be bad.
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Putting information into an
order.
First - Primero
Second -
Segundo
Then – entonces
After – luego/ después
Finally – por fin
Before – antes de/ después de
In/during the morning - por la
mañana
In/during the afternoon - por la
tarde
In/during the night - por la noche
Monday - Lunes
Tuesday - Martes
Wednesday - Miércoles
Thursday - Jueves
Friday - Viernes
Saturday - Sábado
Sunday - Domingo
One - uno
Two - dos
Three - tres
Four -
cuatro
Five - cinco
January - enero
February - febrero
March - marzo
April - abril
May - mayo
June - junio
July - julio
August - agosto
September -
septiembre
October - octubre
November -
noviembre
December - diciembre