grasshoppers in desert grasslands
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Grasshoppers in desert grasslands. Weather: Direct and Indirect Effects on Grasshoppers. Grasshopper population dynamics are determined primarily by weather However, weather impact varies with latitude. Weather: Direct and Indirect Effects. Slower development - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Grasshoppers in Grasshoppers in desert desert
grasslandsgrasslands
• Grasshopper population Grasshopper population dynamics are determined dynamics are determined primarily by weatherprimarily by weather
• However, weather impact However, weather impact varies with varies with latitudelatitude
Weather: Direct and Weather: Direct and Indirect Effects on Indirect Effects on
GrasshoppersGrasshoppers
•Slower developmentSlower development•More susceptible to More susceptible to diseases and diseases and natural natural enemiesenemies•Higher mortalityHigher mortality•Less eggs producedLess eggs produced
Less damagingLess damaging
Weather: Direct and Indirect EffectsWeather: Direct and Indirect Effects
•Faster developmentFaster development
•Less susceptible to diseases and Less susceptible to diseases and natural enemiesnatural enemies
•Lower mortalityLower mortality
•More eggs producedMore eggs produced
More damagingMore damaging
Weather: Direct and Indirect EffectsWeather: Direct and Indirect Effects
• In the Northern Great Plains, In the Northern Great Plains, summer summer temperaturestemperatures appear to be critical for appear to be critical for successful grasshopper developmentsuccessful grasshopper development
• Outbreaks in MT and WY usually occur after Outbreaks in MT and WY usually occur after several consecutive years of drought and several consecutive years of drought and above-average summer temperaturesabove-average summer temperatures
• In the desert grasslands of NM and AR the In the desert grasslands of NM and AR the situation is differentsituation is different
• Grasshopper populations increase after Grasshopper populations increase after above-average spring precipitation, above-average spring precipitation, followed by hot and dry summerfollowed by hot and dry summer
Favorable conditions for Favorable conditions for pest grasshoppers in pest grasshoppers in New Mexico desert New Mexico desert
grasslandsgrasslands• Mild autumn for egg-layingMild autumn for egg-laying
• Cool wet winter for good spring plant Cool wet winter for good spring plant growthgrowth
• Dry warm spring for grasshopper Dry warm spring for grasshopper nymphal developmentnymphal development
Main Grasshopper SpeciesMain Grasshopper Species
Pallidwinged grasshopperPallidwinged grasshopper
Main Grasshopper SpeciesMain Grasshopper Species
Cream grasshopperCream grasshopperCibolacris parvicepsCibolacris parviceps
Main Grasshopper SpeciesMain Grasshopper Species
Creosotebush grasshopperCreosotebush grasshopper
Main Grasshopper SpeciesMain Grasshopper Species
Arid spurthroated Arid spurthroated grasshoppergrasshopper
Main Grasshopper SpeciesMain Grasshopper Species
Migratory grasshopperMigratory grasshopper
Main Grasshopper SpeciesMain Grasshopper Species
Packard grasshopperPackard grasshopper
Main Grasshopper SpeciesMain Grasshopper Species
Spottedwinged grasshopperSpottedwinged grasshopper
Main Grasshopper SpeciesMain Grasshopper Species
Clearwinged grasshopperClearwinged grasshopper
Main Grasshopper SpeciesMain Grasshopper Species
Bigheaded grasshopperBigheaded grasshopper
Main Grasshopper SpeciesMain Grasshopper Species
Whitewhiskered grasshopperWhitewhiskered grasshopper