grassland notes: notes on world's grassland types & organisms' adaptations to surviving there,...
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Notes on world's grassland types & organisms' adaptations to surviving there, including symbiotic relationships with video linksTRANSCRIPT
- 1. Grasslands PPt. by, Robin D. Seamon
- 2.
- Other words for grasslands:
- Plains: means flat land
- Prairies: N. America
- Steppes: N. America
- Savanna: Africa
- Pampas: South America
- Campos: South America
- Veldts (veld): South Africa
- 3.
- Animal Relationships:
- Symbiosis- a relationship between two different kinds of animals that lasts over time
- Commensalism : a symbiotic relationship where one animal benefits & the other is unaffected
- Parasitism : a symbiotic relationship where one animal benefits & the other is harmed
- Mutualism: a symbiotic relationship where both animals benefit
- 4.
- COMMENSALISM:
- Hyena/vulture & lion: lion kills his meal, this leaves food for scavengers
- 5.
- MUTUALISM:
- Non-toxic acacia trees & ants most acacia trees have toxic thorns. Some that do not, have ant defenders! The ants are nourished by sugar-water produced by the tree just for the ant & the ant viciously attacks anything trying to feed from its host plant!
- 6.
- PARASITISM:
- Cowbird & other grassland birds brown-headed cowbird is a notorious brood parasite. It will lay its eggs in another birds nest so that the other bird will hatch & raise its chicks.
- 7.
- Grassy, windy, partly dry, sea of grass
- Between dry, arid land and warm, humid land (Usually separates deserts from forests)
- Deep-rooted grasses, few trees and shrubs
- TWO TYPES:
- Tropical grasslands : hot all year with a wet and dry season (savannas) closer to equator
- Temperate grasslands : hot summers, cold winters, higher than equator
- 8. Tropical grassland: (savannah) Africa 3 Surviving savanna predators 2Survival in the savanna 4 Survival in the S: shelter Surviving Mosquitos
- 9. Temperate grassland: (prairies, pampas) North America
- 10.
- Grasslands may also be divided into these two groups:
- Steppes: short grasses, more dry, hot summer, cold winters (Great Plains of US), dust storms (Dust Bowl from overgrazing, plowing, wind)
- Savannah: tropical grasland, dry season & wet (monsoon) season, less season change, shrubs & small trees, grasses (Australia, India, S. America, Africa) --watering holes
- 11.
- Plants : grasses, sm. trees & shrubs, palms, acacias, boab tree
- Animals :
- hyenas, antelope, zebra, gazelle, lion, rodent, bird, reptile, cheetah
- 12. Savanna Plants Boab tree Acacia tree Palms
- 13. Savanna Animals:
- 14.
- Prairies: tall grasses, more humid,
- hot summers(100degrees F)
- cold winters (-40degrees F)
- (US midwest- fields of corn, wheat,
- sea of grass
- veld -S.Africa
- pampas - Argentina
- Plants : grasses, flowers
- Animals : coyote, fox, skunk, badger, hawk,
- snake, grasshoppers, insects, field birds,
- prairie chicken, prairie dog, bison
- 15. Prairie Plants
- 16. Prairie Animals:
- 17.
- Animal Adaptations:
- Animals have adapted to dry, windy conditions
- Grazing animals (eat grass)
- Browser animals (eat leaves & twigs)
- Burrowing animals
- Predators
- Insects
- Savannahs: watering holes
- 18. GRASSLAND