greater tumen initiative_2
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Energy
Te availability and security of
energy sources plays a major
role in the development and
politics of Northeast Asia,
where some countries are major
energy producers and others areconsumers. Oil, coal, natural
gas, and wind power are all
signicant sources of energy in
the region. Close cooperation
d policy integration in the energy sector will generate benets for
parties in the region. In this regard, the GI Energy Board was
tablished to address regional energy issues on a policy and strategy
sis while also including private sector expertise and resources.
Te Inaugural Meeting of the GI Energy Board was successfully held on 16
September 2009 in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Practical cooperation in the energy
ector among central and local authorities, the private sector, and nancial and
esearch institutions in NE Asia was strengthened, and the GI Energy ActionPlan for 2010-2012 was adopted.
Environment
he Greater umen Region,
other parts of Asia, has experien
economic development at the exp
of the environment. Restoring
environment and preventing fur
damage requires regional initiatand local support. GI has aim
to ensure that environmental concerns are addressed in the prio
sectors, and issues such as climate change, eco-tourism, clean energy
industrial technologies are integrated into development projects.
GI Environmental Board seeks to bring together various stakehold
including the private sector, local governments, and internatio
organizations to create better development practices in order to en
both environmental and economic viability.
he 6th Workshop on the rans-boundary Environmental Impact Assessme
Northeast Asia was held in Jeju, ROK from 7 to 10 December 2009, jo
organised by the Ministry of Environment of ROK and the Korea Environ
Institute, in cooperation with the umen Secretariat. Participants agreed to fuenhance communications at both the governmental and research levels throug
GI Environment Board in order to promote EIA activities.
rade & Investment
he Greater umen Region has exciting potential to expand
industrial capacity but is one of the few remaining multi-bord
regions without a regional trade agreement in place. Previous effo
have laid an infrastructural and policy foundation for the regito develop a thriving economy. oday, GI seeks to create a mo
investment-friendly environment in order to make the regi
more competitive and attractive in the global business sphere. G
works towards these aims through a variety of initiatives such
strengthening private-public dialogue and partnerships, identifyi
and promoting investment opportunities, and facilitating the pol
environment for regional trade and investment. Investment Foru
are organized to encourage collaboration and exchange investme
information. In addition, GI publishes economic research a
investment guides to promote Northeast Asia as a whole as well as
individual cities and provinces.
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Business Advisory Council
Opportunities for the Private Sector
o further improve the investment climate in the region, the annual GI Investment Forum is organized back-to-back with the annu
intergovernmental meeting, providing a platform for the private sector and member governments to exchange important information on busin
opportunities and attracting additional foreign investment into Northeast Asia.
Te 1stGI Investment Forumwas held on 16 November 2007 in Vladivostok, Russia, und
the motto Greater umen Initiative Gateway to Northeast Asia with the goal of promotin
interregional trade and attracting additional foreign investment into North-East Asia. About 15
regional and international representatives from the private sector, research institutes and academ
as well as government officials attended the Forum, conrming the high potential of Northea
Asia for new investment opportunities.
Te 2ndGI Investment Forumwas held on 25 March 2009 in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia followi
the meeting of the 10th GI Consultative Commission. Te Forum brought together more th
200 delegates from the GI member governments, senior business leaders from all over the wor
and high-level representatives of various non-governmental organizations and the UN. In fo
thematic sessions, participants discussed different aspects of the challenges and opportunities
economic cooperation in the Northeast Asian region.
GI has made increasing efforts to fully involve the private sector in regional developmen
he Business Advisory Council (BAC), established at the 9th meeting of the G
Consultative Commission, serves as a public-private partnership platform for the activ
engagement of the private sector in regional development and cooperation. hroug
constructive dialogue between governments and the private sector, BAC helps directly impro
the investment climate in Northeast Asia by providing advice and feedback to policymake
resulting in more effective economic cooperation and greater opportunities for investors.
BAC brings together regional and international investors to actively engage in region
initiatives, converting the great potential of the region into actual business opportuniti
and projects. Up til now, the number of BAC members has reached a total of 60, includi
representatives of multinationals, Chambers of Commerce and investment promotio
agencies from GI member states and other regions of the world.
BAC acts as a mechanism for public-private cooperation through various promotion
activities. Te Inaugural BAC Meetingwas held in Nov. 2007 in Vladivostok and the 2
BAC Meetingwas held in March 2008 in Shanghai, marking the adoption of the BA
erms of Reference. Te 3rdBAC Meeting, held in March 2009 in Ulaanbaatar back-t
back with the rst joint session between the GI Consultative Commission and BAC, la
a solid foundation for strengthening public-private dialogue in Northeast Asia. Te 4thBA
Meetingwas held on 19-20 April, 2010 in Changchun, China.
he BAC Executive Committeewas established in October 2009 in Beijing, providin
effective guidance and ensuring better coordination among BAC members. Mr. Jam
Zimmerman, Chairman Emeritus of the American Chamber of Commerce (China), w
elected as the BAC Executive Committee Chair for 2009 to 2012.
Investment Forums
* Te 2010 Northeast Asia Economic Forumwill be held in Changchun, China on 2 September 2010.
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At the 9thMeeting of the GI Consultative Commission, held in 2007 in Vladivostok, Russia, a number
of concrete projects in the priority sectors were identied as the GI Projects to support economic
development. Since then, the promotion of these projects has been effectively undertaken by the umenSecretariat, with the support of the GI member states and UNDP. Strong partnerships and cooperative
networks among GI governments, international organisations and the private sector were established
for the joint realisation of these projects.
SECOR NO. NAME OF HE PROJEC
ransport
1 NEA Ferry Route Border Infrastructure Framework
2 Modernisation of Zarubino Port
3 Mongolia-China Railway Construction
4 Resuming Hunchun-Makhalino Railway
5 China Road, Harbour Project in the Border between China and DPRK
Energy 6 Capacity Building on GI Energy at Regional Level
ourism 7 Capacity Building on GI ourism at Regional Level
Investment 8 raining Program for Officials from GI Member Countries
Environment
9 GI Environmental Cooperation: Focusing on rans-boundary Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
in GR and Environmental Standardisation in the Northeast Asia
10 Feasibility Study on umen River Water Protection
GTI Projects
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GI has a focus on the promotion of the Greater um
Region, which covers the three Northeast provinces (Jili
Heilongjiang and Liaoning) and Inner Mongolia of Chin
the Eastern Provinces of Mongolia; the Eastern port cities
the Republic of Korea; and the Primorsky erritory of t
Russian Federation. With a skilled and low-cost labour po
this region possesses enormous potential for investment an
job opportunities. Te umen River ties this region togeth
situated at the crossroads of vital trade, transport and ener
routes. Rich in gas, oil and minerals, the region provides eaaccess to affluent markets in the Northeast Asian countri
representing millions of consumers.
THE GREATER TUMEN REGION AT A GLANCE
Area Population Area (km2)Major Cities in the GreaterTumen Region
Main Industries
China HeilongjiangProvince
36,890,000 454,600 Haerbin and Heihe Energy, equipment, food processing, forestry,petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals
Inner Mongolia 24,000,000 1,180,000 Huhhot Agriculture, chemicals, energy, iron and steel,
textiles, pharmaceuticals
Jilin Province 27,340,000 187,400 Changchun, Yanji and Hunchun Automobiles, energy, metallurgy, petrochemicals,
textiles, tourism
Liaoning Province 42,380,000 145,900 Shenyang, Dalian and
Dandong
Electronics, machinery, metallurgy, petrochemica
Mongolia Eastern Mongolia 223,000 287,600 Choibalsan Agriculture and agro-processing, mining, tourism
ROK Eastern Ports 5,300,155 3,055 Busan, Sokcho, Ulsan and
Pohang
Automobiles, multimedia and I, port logistics,
equipment and spare parts, oil renery, ship-
building, steel production, tourism and convention
RussianFederation
Primorsky erritory 2,200,000 165,900 Vladivostok Aquaculture, engineering, food processing, forestproducts, mining, services, tourism
Map of Te Greater umen Region
INNER
MON
GOLI
A
Khabarovsk
Blagoveshchensk
HEILONGJIANG
QINGHAI
SICHUAN HUBEI
JILIN
Tokyo
LIAONING
Busan
BeijingGANSU
SHANXI
Qingdao
Greater Tumen Region
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Primorsky erritory, rich in natural resources and with a strong industrial andtransportation base, is the largest economy in the Russian Far East and the Greater
umen Region. Formerly dominated by state-run enterprises, about 90% of the
enterprises in Primorsky are now privately owned. Coal and non-ferrous metal mining, ship repair,
ship building, and food processing are the largest industrial employers. Te overwhelmingly export-
based transport industry is also well developed. Five of the ten major Russian shipping companies
are based in this area, and strong regional growth in recent years has resulted in greater export
volumes, especially of metals and other resources. In addition to the port in Vladivostok, the end
of the lines of the rans-Siberian Railway (SR) in Nakhodka and Vostochny are also located in
Primorsky. he SR is one of the shortest routes between East Asia and Europe and is a major
route for Japanese transit cargo.
he Eastern port cities of ROK offer some of Northeast Asias most dynamic
transportation and shipping connections, as well as accounting for signicant tourist
attractions. Busan, a city of around 4 million people, is a growing regional financial
center and one of the largest container handling ports in the world with a capacity of 6.44 million
EU containers per year. Sokcho is an eastern coast port city in the Gangwon Province and a majortourist gateway to Northeast Korea, offering ferry and container transportation services to China,
Russia and Japan. Ulsan is the industrial powerhouse of ROK, which is home to the world's largest
automobile assembly plant, the world's largest shipyard, and the world's second largest oil renery.
Pohang is a major port city in North Gyeongsang Province and the home of the Pohang Steel
Company, one of the largest steel producers in the world, and a host of related industries.
Four provinces in China (Jilin, Heilongjiang, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia) are actively
involved in GI. Tey have a total population of over 131 million and an area of nearly
2 million km. Tese provinces are rich in natural resources Inner Mongolia alone
boasts 90% of the countrys proven rare earth oxides and ve major coalelds with reserves of over
10 million tons each, while Heilongjiang produces almost half of the countrys oil and is a prime
candidate for wind power development. Other resources like timber in Jilin and iron in Liaoning
also play a large role in the regional economy. Recent policies have emphasised the revitalisation
of traditional industrial bases. Changchun in Jilin Province is home to one of the countrys most
important auto manufacturers, First Automobile Works. Dalian in Liaoning Province is expected
not only to become one of Chinas ve largest ports but also to rise as a global leader in software
and service outsourcing. In this environment of growing industries and markets, the umen
transport corridor is a vital connection for Northeast China and its neighbours.
he three aimags (provinces) of Hentii, Dornod and Sukhbaatar form the Eastern
Mongolian region involved in GI. Tis large (287,600 km) but sparsely populated
area is relatively less developed. Tis is one of the largest and last undisturbed steppe
ecosystems in the world and is the core habitat of the Mongolian gazelle. As such, tourism
is promising, thanks to the areas unspoiled natural beauty, cultural traditions and festivals.
Currently, agriculture and forestry account for 33% of the countrys GDP, while transport and
communications account for 10%, mining and quarrying (especially of copper, fluorspar, and
molybdenum) for 9%, and manufacturing for 6%. Mongolias radically changing and privatising
economy means that the government is placing high priority on developing the countrys natural
resources processing sector and also on accessing regional transportation corridors.
c
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GI partners with the United Nations system, development agencie
the private sector, financial institutions, foundations, nongovernmen
organizations and the academia to jointly promote economi
cooperation and development in Northeast Asia.
GTI Partners
MAIN PARNERS
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) www.undp.org
United Nations Office for Partnerships www.un.org/unop
United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS) www.unops.org
World ourism Organization (UNWO) www.unwto.org
United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) www.unescap.org
United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO) www.unido.org United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) www.unep.org
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) www.unesco.org
Asian Development Bank (ADB) www.adb.org
Global Environment Facility (GEF) www.thegef.org
Te Association of North East Asia Regional Governments (NEAR) www.neargov.org
Te Economic Research Institute for Northeast Asia (ERINA) www.erina.or.jp
Korea Development Institute (KDI) www.kdi.re.kr
Russian Academy of Science www.ras.ru
BOAO Forum for Asia www.boaoforum.org
Institute for Strategic Studies www.iss.gov.mn