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TRANSCRIPT
Great Wall or Red Carpet? Challenges and Opportuni6es for
Australian Wines in China
Prof Piyush “Pi” Sharma Cur6n University, Australia
“Food, Wine and China: A Tourism Perspec6ve” 4-‐5 February, 2016
Cur6n Margaret River Campus
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Global Wine Market & China • Global trade in wine has doubled in last 15 years
– 25 billion euros with 40% of all wine now exported up from 25% in early 2000s (World Wine Ins6tute 2015).
• New markets like China are fuelling this growth – Domes6c wine industry worth US$ 7.3 billion p.a. (2014)
– 2nd largest vineyard area in the world (1.97 million acres)
– 8th largest wine producer (1.12 billion litres) – 5th largest wine consumer (1.58 billion litres)
– No.1 red wine consumer (1.40 billion litres)
– No.1 importer of wine in the world
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Australian Wine in China • Chinese domes6c wine market
– Dominated by local players -‐ Great Wall, Changyu, Dynasty
– France is the biggest exporter followed by Australia.
• Australian wine exports to China – Increased by 8% to 40 million litres worth about A$224 million in 2014 (Wine Australia 2015).
– Market share of bo_led wine imports remained strong at about 18% by value and 12.6% by volume in 2014
– Average value of bo_led imports (US$6.83/litre) also the highest among the top five impor6ng countries
Consumer Awareness
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Country-‐of-‐Origin
6 Source: China Wine Barometer (2015)
Region of Origin
7 Source: China Wine Barometer (2015)
Australia Regions
8 Source: China Wine Barometer (2015)
Penetra6on & Repeat Purchase
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Country of Origin
10 Source: China Wine Barometer (2015)
Region of Origin
11 Source: China Wine Barometer (2015)
Grape Variety
12 Source: China Wine Barometer (2015)
Distribu6on Channels
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Distribu6on Channels
14 Source: Daxue Consul?ng (2013)
Channel Penetra6on %
15 Source: China Wine Barometer (2015)
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Chinese Wine Consumers
-‐ A Closer Look -‐
Mo6va6on (Qing & Hu 2015) Self-‐consump6on
• Young, well-‐educated, middle to upper income
• Execu6ves, Professionals • Spend ¥67 per month on
average • Consume at home or with
family in restaurants • Buy at supermarkets
followed by specialty stores
• For enjoyment, health benefits and cosme6c reasons
Giking • Rela6vely older and higher
income levels • Senior Execu6ves,
Businesspeople • Spend ¥127 per month on
average • Buy from store and treat
others in restaurants • Buy at special stores
followed by supermarkets • To enhance business and
social rela6onships 17
‘Super’ Premium Segment • Mostly rich business families and social elite
– 100 richest Chinese hold USD 376 billion USD (2014), which has more than doubled (121%) since 2009 (Forbes 2014)
– 2.4 millionaires (2014) up +189% since 2009 (Forbes 2014)
– Ultra-‐High Net Worth Investors put 15-‐20% of wealth into collec6bles e.g. jewellery, art and fine wine (Barclays, 2012)
• High expecta6ons from fine wine (Masset et al. 2015) – Ability to improve in bo_le, show aging poten6al
– Should emanate from a well-‐known wine-‐growing region – Have a long standing history and reputa6on – Should have been awarded high scores by experts – Should be high-‐standing in an official classifica6on 18
Chinese Outbound Tourism • Rapid rise in Chinese Outbound tourism*
– Crossed 100 million in 2014 (+19% over 2013) – Compared to 20 million Inbound (excl. HK, Macau, Taiwan) – 68 million Outbound from USA (55% to Canada & Mexico)
• Top 10 Des6na6ons -‐ Chinese Outbound (2015) – South Korea, Taiwan, Japan, Hong Kong, Thailand – France, Italy, Switzerland, Macau, Germany
• Main objec6ves for overseas tourism – Sightseeing, Leisure, Shopping (WTCF 2014)
• Attude towards Wine tourism – Low awareness, enthusiasm or interest (Hussain et al. 2015)
19 * Source: China Na6onal Tourism Administra6on
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Challenges • Wine is less than 5% of total alcohol consump6on, hence very low per capita consump6on -‐ about 1 litre per annum (Qing and Hu 2015)
• Low brand awareness for foreign wines and price-‐sensi6ve consumers outside major ci6es
• High concentra6on in top 11 ci6es -‐ 76% of imported wine sales and 60% of domes6c wine sales by volume (Bouzdine-‐Chameeva and Zhang 2012)
• Wine distribu6on dominated by big wholesalers, hotels, restaurants and bars (80%) although retail sector and online players are also growing
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Challenges • Highly seasonal demand -‐ about 60% of the sales during the two main holidays (Chinese New Year and Mid-‐Autumn Fes6val), mostly for giking which is an integral part of Chinese culture
• Wine is s6ll mainly an aspira6onal drink to be consumed on special occasions rather than an integral part of everyday dining experience
• Despite high country-‐of-‐origin recall (66%), Australian wines s6ll have very low penetra6on (4%) and repeat demand (16%) (Cohen, Corsi and Lockshin 2015)
• Lack of awareness and popularity of Wine tourism
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Opportuni6es • High poten6al for growth in demand
– Increase in per capita consump6on
– Switch from other alcoholic drinks
– Market expansion to Tier 2 ci6es and upcountry towns
• Dis6nct value segments in the wine market – Brand-‐conscious premium segment in major ci6es
– Price-‐sensi6ve mass segment outside the major ci6es
• Growing importance of offline and online retailers – Scope to expand distribu6on reach in mass segment
• High country-‐of-‐origin recall for Australian wines – Posi6ve image in terms of quality and flavour
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Way Forward • Con6nue trade educa6on by par6cipa6ng in trade events, trade journals and promo6ons.
• Increase penetra6on in retail and online channels to reach Tier 2 ci6es and upcountry markets
• Promote Australian wine at Airports & Duty-‐free Shops
• Leverage weaker Australian Dollar to boost exports • Leverage China Australia Free Trade Agreement (ChAFTA) with tariffs eliminated over four years
• Reposi6on Australian wine as “Fun” and “Good Time” to dominate the mass segment as Chinese consumers move towards less formal wine consump6on
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Final Words… • Product Development
– Match Australian Wine with Chinese food flavours from different regions of China and other parts of Asia
• Market Development – Do not forget your local Australian tourists; they are likely to visit more than once and could give repeat business
– Bridge cultural gap with Chinese tourists – hire local Chinese staff (e.g. students), offer Tea, Red Packets, Chinese snacks
– Look beyond East coast; seek strategic alliances with regional tourism des6na6ons e.g. Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand etc.
– Leverage the huge Chinese domes6c wine business – invest in local wineries, distribu6on channels, brands etc.
Thank You! Comments or Ques6ons?
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Upcoming Special Issues
Journal of Business Research (Challenges & Opportuni6es for Marketers in Emerging Markets)
Journal of Services Marke6ng (Services Marke6ng in a Culturally Diverse Global Marketplace)