Ancient Greece

The Greek World

Geometric Period900 – 700 BCE

Centaur, from Lefkandi, Euboea, Late 10th c. BCE. Ceramic, height

14”.

Ancient Greek Vessel Shapes

6

Geometric krater, from the Dipylon

cemetery, Athens, Greece, ca. 740 BCE.

3’ 4 1/2” high.

7

Hero and centaur (Herakles and

Nessos?), from Olympia,Greece, ca. 750–730 BCE.

Bronze, 4 1/2” high.

Corinthian black-figure amphora with animal friezes, from Rhodes, Greece,

ca. 625–600 BCE. 1’ 2” high.

Corinthian black-figure amphora with animal friezes, from Corinth, Greece,

ca. 600 BCE. 11 ½ ” high.

10

Mantiklos Apollo, statuette of a youth

dedicated by Mantiklos to Apollo, from Thebes,

Greece, ca. 700–680 BCE. Bronze, 8” high.

12

Lady of Auxerre, ca. 650–625 BCE. Limestone, 2’ 1

1/2” high.

13

Kouros, ca. 600 BCE. Marble, 6’ 1/2” high.

14

Calf Bearer, dedicated by Rhonbos on

the Acropolis, Athens, Greece,

ca. 560 BCE. Marble, restored height 5’ 5”;

fragment 3’ 11 1/2” high.

15

Kroisos, from Anavysos, Greece, ca. 530 BCE. Marble, 6’ 4” high.

16

Peplos Kore, from the Acropolis, Athens,

Greece, ca. 530 BCE. Marble, 4’ high.

Kore, from the Acropolis, Athens,

Greece, ca. 520–510 BCE. Marble, 1’

9” high.

Temple Architecture

Plan of Temple A, Prinias, Greece, ca. 625 BCE.

Plan of a typical peripteral Greek temple.

Peripteral Greek Temple

Greek TemplePlans

Compare Doric and Ionic Orders

ARCHITRAVE

STYLOBATE

FRIEZE

PEDIMENT

RAKING CORNICE

CORNICE

METOPES

TRIGLYPHS

Plan of the Temple of Hera I, Paestum, Italy, ca. 550 BCE.

stereobate

Temple of Hera I (“Basilica”), Paestum, Italy, ca. 550 BCE.

Paestum, ItalyBackground: Temple of Hera I (“Basilica”), ca. 550 BCE,

Foreground: Temple of Hera II, ca. 470 – 460 BCE.

West pediment from the Temple of Artemis, Corfu, Greece, ca. 600–580 BCE. Limestone, greatest height 9’ 4”.

Reconstruction drawing of the Siphnian Treasury, Delphi, Greece, ca. 530 BCE.

Gigantomachy, detail of the north frieze of the Siphnian Treasury, Delphi,

Greece, ca. 530 BCE. Marble, 2’ 1” high.

Temple of Aphaia, Aegina, Greece, ca. 500–490 BCE.

Plan (left) and GUILLAUME-ABEL BLOUET’S 1828 restored view of the façade (right) of the Temple of Aphaia, Aegina, Greece, ca. 500–490

BCE.

Dying warrior, from the west pediment of the Temple of Aphaia, Aegina, Greece, ca. 500–490 BCE.

Marble, 5’ 2 1/2” long.

Dying warrior, from the east pediment of the Temple of Aphaia, Aegina, Greece, ca. 480 BCE.

Marble, 6’ 1” long.

KLEITIAS and ERGOTIMOS, François Vase (Athenian black-figure volute krater), from Chiusi, Italy, ca. 570 BCE.

General view (top) and detail of centauromachy on other side of vase (bottom). 2’ 2” high.

EXEKIAS, Achilles and Ajax playing a dice game (detail from an Athenian black-figure amphora), from Vulci, Italy, ca. 540–530 BCE. Whole vessel

2’ high; detail 8 1/2” high.

EXEKIAS, The Suicide of Ajax,

ca. 540–530 BCE.

AMASIS PAINTER, Dionysos with Maenads,

ca. 540 BCE, 13”.

ANDOKIDES PAINTER, Achilles and Ajax playing a dice game (Athenian bilingual amphora), from Orvieto, Italy, ca. 525–520 BCE. Black-figure

side (left) and red-figure side (right). 1’ 9” high.

EUPHRONIOS (painter) and Euxitheos (potter), Death of Sarpedon, ca. 515 BCE, 18”.

EUPHRONIOS, Herakles wrestling Antaios (detail of an Athenian red-figure calyx krater), from Cerveteri, Italy, ca. 510 BCE. Whole vessel 1’

7” high; detail 7 3/4” high.

EUTHYMIDES, Three revelers (Athenian red-figure amphora), from Vulci, Italy, ca. 510 BCE. 2’

high.

PRIAM PAINTER, Women at a Fountain House, 520-510 BCE, 21”.

Temple of Zeus at Olympus (470 – 457 BCE)

• First great monument of Classical art and architecture

• Since it is largely in ruins today, compare to Temple of Hera II at Paestum (believed to have been influenced by Temple of Zeus)

• Statuary of east pediment of Temple of Zeus remain• How do they differ from Archaic statuary?

Temple of Hera II, Paestum, Italy, ca. 460 BCE, modeled on the Temple of Zeus at Olympia

East pediment from the Temple of Zeus, Olympia, Greece, ca. 470–456 BCE. Marble, 87’ wide.

49

Seer, from the east pediment of the Temple of Zeus,

Olympia, Greece, ca. 470–456 BCE.

Marble, full figure 4’ 6” high; detail 3’ 2

1/2” high.

51

Athena, Herakles, and Atlas with the

apples of the Hesperides,

metope from the Temple of Zeus,

Olympia, Greece, ca. 470–456 BCE.

Marble, 5’ 3” high.

Kritios Boy, from the Acropolis, Athens, Greece, ca. 480 BCE. Marble, 2’ 10”

high.

Charioteer, from the Sanctuary of Apollo, Delphi, ca. 470 BCE. Bronze, 5’ 11”.

Warrior, from the sea off Riace, Italy, ca. 460–450 BCE. Bronze, 6’ 6”

high.

CONTRAPPOSTO

Zeus (or Poseidon?), from the sea off Cape Artemision, Greece,

ca. 460–450 BCE. Bronze, 6’ 10” high.

60

MYRON, Diskobolos (Discus Thrower).

Roman marble copy of a bronze original of ca.

450 BCE, 5’ 1” high.

Pan Painter, Artemis Slaying

Actaeon, ca. 470 BCE14 5/8” high.

Polykleitos, Doryphorus

64

POLYKLEITOS, Doryphoros

(Spear Bearer). Roman marble

copy from Pompeii, Italy, after a bronze original of ca.

450–440 BCE, 6’ 11” high.

65

KRESILAS, Pericles. Roman marble herm

copy of a bronze original of ca. 429

BCE. Full herm 6’ high;

detail 4’ 6 1/2” high.

Plan of the Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens, Greece, with diagram of sculptural program (after Andrew

Stewart), 447–432 BCE.

IKTINOS and KALLIKRATES, Parthenon, (Temple of Athena Parthenos, looking southeast), Acropolis, Athens, Greece,

447–438 BCE.

Aerial view of the Acropolis looking southeast, Athens, Greece.

Model of the Acropolis, Athens, ca. 447 - 432 BCE

PHIDIAS, Athena Parthenos, in the cella of the

Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens, Greece,

ca. 438 BCE. Model of the lost

chryselephantine statue.

Helios and his horses, and Dionysos (Herakles?), from the east pediment of the Parthenon,

Acropolis, Athens, Greece, ca. 438–432 BCE. Marble, greatest height 4’ 3”.

Three goddesses (Hestia, Dione, and Aphrodite?), from the east pediment of the

Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens, Greece, ca. 438–432 BCE. Marble, greatest height 4’ 5”.

Details of the Panathenaic Festival procession frieze, from the Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens, Greece, ca. 447–438 BCE. Marble, 3’ 6” high. Horsemen of north frieze (top),;

seated gods and goddesses (Poseidon, Apollo, and Artemis) of east frieze (center), Acropolis Museum, Athens; and elders and maidens of east frieze (bottom).

MNESIKLES, Propylaia (looking southwest), Acropolis, Athens, Greece, 437–432 BCE.

79

Plan of the Erechtheion,

Acropolis, Athens,

Greece, ca. 421–405

BCE.

Erechtheion (looking northwest), Acropolis, Athens, Greece, ca. 421–405 BCE.

82

Caryatid from the south porch of the Erechtheion, Acropolis, Athens, Greece, ca. 421–405

BCE. Marble, 7’ 7” high.

KALLIKRATES, Temple of Athena Nike, Acropolis, Athens, Greece, ca. 427–424 BCE.

84

Nike adjusting her sandal, from the south side of the parapet of the Temple of Athena Nike, Acropolis, Athens, Greece, ca. 410 BCE. Marble, 3’ 6” high.

85

Grave stele of Hegeso, from the Dipylon cemetery, Athens, Greece, ca. 400 BCE. Marble, 5’

2” high.

ACHILLES PAINTER, Warrior taking leave of his wife

(Athenian white-ground lekythos), from Eretria,

Greece, ca. 440 BCE. Approx. 1’ 5” high.

STYLE OF THE ACHILLES PAINTER, Woman and Maid,

ca. 440 BCE. Approx. 15” high.

NIOBID PAINTER, Artemis and Apollo slaying the children of Niobe (Athenian red-figure calyx krater), from Orvieto, Italy, ca. 450 BCE. 1’ 9” high.

PHIALE PAINTER, Hermes bringing the infant Dionysos to Papposilenos (Athenian white-ground calyx krater),

from Vulci, Italy, ca. 440–435 BCE. 1’ 2” high.

Youth diving, painted ceiling of the Tomb of the Diver, Paestum, Italy, ca. 480 BCE. 3’ 4” high.

91

PRAXITELES, Aphrodite of Knidos. Roman marble copy of an original of ca. 350–340 BCE. 6’ 8”

high.

PRAXITELES or his

followers, Hermes and

the infant Dionysos, from the

Temple of Hera,

Olympia, Greece. Marble,

7’ 1” high.

93

Grave stele of a young hunter, found near the

Ilissos River, Athens, Greece,

ca. 340–330 BCE. Marble, 5’ 6”

high.

94

LYSIPPOS, Apoxyomenos

(Scraper). Roman marble copy of a

bronze original of ca. 330 BCE, 6’ 9” high.

95

LYSIPPOS, Weary Herakles

(Farnese Herakles). Roman marble copy

from Rome, Italy, signed by GLYKON OF ATHENS, of a bronze

original of ca. 320 BCE. 10 ‘ 5” high.

96

Head of Alexander the Great, from Pella, Greece,

third century BCE. Marble, 1’ high.

GNOSIS, Stag hunt, from Pella, Greece, ca. 300 BCE. Pebble mosaic, figural panel 10’ 2” high.

Hades abducting Persephone, detail of wall painting from

tomb 1, Vergina, Greece, mid-

fourth century BCE, 3’ 3 ½ ”

98

PHILOXENOS OF ERETRIA, Battle of Issus, ca. 310 BCE. Roman copy (Alexander Mosaic) from the House of the Faun, Pompeii, Italy, late

second or early first century BCE. Tessera mosaic, approx. 8’ 10” X 16’ 9”.

POLYKLEITOS THE YOUNGER, Theater, Epidauros, Greece, ca. 350 BCE and later.

THEODOROS OF PHOKAIA, Tholos, Sanctuary of Athena Pronaia, Delphi, Greece, ca. 375 BCE.

POLYKLEITOS THE YOUNGER, Corinthian capital, from the tholos, Epidauros, Greece, ca. 350 BCE.

103

Choragic Monument of Lysikrates, Athens,

Greece, 334 BCE.

Temple of the Olympian Zeus, Athens, Greece, mainly 2nd century BCE.

PAIONIOS OF EPHESOS and DAPHNIS OF MILETOS, Temple of Apollo, Didyma, Turkey, begun 313 BCE. Plan (left) and aerial view (right).

Restored view of the city of Priene, Turkey, fourth century BCE and later.

Stoa of Attalos II, Agora, Athens, Greece, ca. 150 BCE (with the Acropolis in the background).

Reconstructed west front of the Altar of Zeus, Pergamon, Turkey, ca. 175 BCE.

Staatliche Museen, Berlin.

Athena battling Alkyoneos, detail of the gigantomachy frieze, from the Altar of Zeus, Pergamon, Turkey ca. 175 BCE. Marble, 7’ 6” high.

111

EPIGONOS(?), Gallic chieftain

killing himself and his wife. Roman marble copy of a bronze original of ca. 230–220 BCE,

6’ 11” high.

EPIGONOS(?), Dying Gaul. Roman marble copy of a bronze original of ca. 230–220 BCE, 3’ 1/2” high.

Museo Capitolino, Rome.

113

Nike alighting on a warship

(Nike of Samothrace), from Samothrace, Greece,

ca. 190 BCE. Marble, figure 8’ 1” high.

114

ALEXANDROS OF ANTIOCH-ON-THE-

MEANDER, Aphrodite (Venus de Milo), from Melos,

Greece, ca. 150–125 BCE.

Marble, 6’ 7” high.

115

Sleeping satyr (Barberini Faun), from Rome, Italy,

ca. 230–200 BCE. Marble, 7’ 1”

high.

116

Seated boxer, from Rome, Italy, ca. 100–50 BCE.

Bronze, 4’ 2” high.

Old market woman, ca. 150–100 BCE. Marble, 4’ 1/2” high.

Veiled and Masked Dancer, late 3rd or 2nd century BCE. Bronze, 8 ½ ” high.

POLYEUKTOS, Demosthenes.

Roman marble copy of a bronze original of ca.

280 BCE. 6’ 7 1/2” high.

ATHANADOROS, HAGESANDROS, and POLYDOROS OF RHODES, Laocoön and his sons, from Rome, Italy, early first century CE Marble, 7’ 10 1/2” high.

120

ATHANADOROS, HAGESANDROS, and

POLYDOROS OF RHODES,

head of Odysseus, from Sperlonga, Italy, early first century CE.

Marble, 2’ 1 1/4” high.