Greek I

Genitive and Dative Cases(Chapter 7)

Exegetical Insight

Do,xa evn u`yi,stoij qew/| kai. evpi. gh/j eivrh,nh evn avnqrw,poij euvdoki,a (Luke 2:14).

Exegetical Insight

Do,xa evn u`yi,stoij qew/| kai. evpi. gh/j eivrh,nh evn avnqrw,poij euvdoki,aj (Luke 2:14).

Overview of Tonight’s Lesson

Genitive and Dative Cases Concept of Key Words Complete Paradigm for the Definite

Article Noun Rules #4, #5, and #6

Uses for Genitive and Dative(See page 342 for summary chart) The genitive case in Greek corresponds to

the possessive case in English. The word in the genitive usually follows the noun it is modifying (called the head noun). o` lo,goj tou/ qeou/Å Si,mwna to.n lego,menon Pe,tron kai. VAndre,an

to.n avdelfo.n auvtou/( The dative case in Greek can be used to

express: The indirect object (key words: to or for)

kai. e;dwken a;n soi u[dwr zw/n Instrumentality (key words: with or by)

evxe,balen ta. pneu,mata lo,gw/| Place (key word: in)

Maka,rioi oi` ptwcoi. tw/| pneu,mati

Paradigm of Case Endings for Four Major Cases

Paradigm of Words with Case Endings

The First Three Noun Rules Stems ending in a or h are in the first

declension, stems ending in o are in the second declension, and stems ending in a consonant are third declension.

Every neuter word has the same form for both the nominative and accusative cases.

Almost all neuter words end in a in the nominative and accusative plural.

Noun Rules #4, #5, and #6 In the dative singular, the iota

subscripts if possible. grafh + i = grafh/|

Vowels often change their length (“ablaut”). logo + i = lo,gw|

In the genitive and dative, the masculine and neuter forms will always be the same.

Full Paradigm for Definite Article

Irregularly Declined Words There are 36 first

declension words in the NT that shift their final stem vowel in the genitive and dative singular from alpha to eta; only 4 occur with any frequency.

If a first declension word has a stem ending in alpha where the preceding letter is an epsilon, iota, or rho, it will form the genitive and dative singular with alpha. Otherwise, the alpha will shift to eta.

For Next Week

Vocabulary quiz on words through chapter 7.

Exercise 7 is due. Do as much of this as you can without looking back to the book.

Read Chapter 8, “Prepositions and eivmi,.”