Green building

Necessity of green building

• Recourses ,water and energy are dwindling (getting reduced year by year) to give way to building

• Resources---(forest ,ground cover) etc are destroyed to provide structure to a building

• Energy is getting utilised highly for lighting ,air conditioning and water heating

• Water is getting utilised continuously during building construction and operation

• Several building processes and functions of occupant function produces large amount of wastes

• Building also affect urban air quality and contribute to climate change

• Design and Construction of green building is costlier as compare to other building

• But maintenance of green building is costlier

Definition of green building

• “These are the structures that ensure efficient use of natural resources like building materials ,water and other energy with minimum generation of non-degradable wastes”

• Technologies like efficient cooling system and sensor system that can sense the heat generated with from human body and automatically adjust room temperature and reduce energy consumption

• Technologies like air based flushing system• Use of CFL’s and LED’s instead of conventional

incandescent lamps

Green building comprises of.........

Points to be considered while design of green building

• Site planning• Building envelop design• Building system design (HVAC)

lighting ,electrical ,water heating)• Integration of renewable energy sources to generate

energy on site• Water and waste management• Selection of ecologically sustainable material(with

high recycled content and rapidly renewable resources

Benefits of green building

• Green building has low resource consumption as compared to conventional buildings

Following are the different percentage reduction of various energy resources

1. green buildings consumes 40%to 60% less electricity as compared to conventional building

2. It generates renewable energy utilization to cater to its energy needs

To be continued...........................i)Solar thermal energy can be used to generate hot water

ii)solar PV panel to create electricity

To be continued...........................

3. Green building consumes 40-80% lesser water as compared to conventional building (by utilizing ultra low flow fixtures dual plumbing system ,waste water recycling system ,and rain water harvesting )

4.Green building generates less waste by waste management strategies

5.Green building produces less pollution both during construction as well as in use.

To be continued...........................

6.Green building restricts the use of high Ozone depletion Potential substances in their system as well as in finishes.

7.Green building ensures proper safety ,health and sanitation facilities for the labourers and the occupants

Building materials use in Green building

To be continued...........................Green building uses:-Bamboo board as green material Wood fibre from paper waste

To be continued...........................

• Ensure that the embodied energy of materials used for construction is low

• It should have zero (low off) gassing of harmful air emission

• Low toxicity• It should have high recyclable

strength ,durability and long lasting• It should be locally produced i.e. It will promote

the resource conservation and efficiency

Features those are considered for planning and design of building

Green building rating system

• Major rating system that are used through out the world are:-

1. BREEAM-(Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method

2. GB Tool-(Green Building Challenge Assessment Framework)

3. LEED-Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design

BREEAM

logo Recognised by.........1. UK2. Australia3. Canada

LEED

Logo Developed by...............• US Green Building Council

2000• Popularly known as LEE D

rating system• Widely accepted rating

system due to its simplicity

G B Tool

Points to noted.......• More than 20 counties

committed for the development of this rating system

• Popularly known as GBTools

Recognised in......1. Korea 2. Italy3. Brazil

LEED concentrate on the following 5aspects in building design and life cycle performance

LEED

• For each aspect pre-requisites and credits are provided

• Credits can be achieved when the building design meets or exceeds the requirement depending upon performance level achieved

• Depending upon the credits or total points accrued ,Label or certificate is issued recognizing the green building

Green building certification in India

• There are 3primary rating system in India1. GRIHA-Green Rating For Integrated Habitat

Assessment2. IGBC-Indian Green Building Council3. BEE-

GRIHA-Green Rating For Integrated Habitat Assessment

• GRIHA Is India’s own rating system developed by TERI(The Energy Research Institute) and the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy

• The process initiates with the online submission of documents as per prescribed criteria followed by on site visit and evaluation of building by team of experts from GRIHA

GRIHA includes34 criteria in 4 different sections

1. Site selection2. Conservation an efficient utilization of

resources3. Building operation and maintenece4. Innvoation

IGBC-Indian Green Building Council

• Confederation of Indian Industry(CII)formed Indian Green Building Council in 2001

• It is a non profit research institution having its office in CII

• It has licensed the LEED Green Building Standard from the USGBC

• It facilitates the Indian green structure to become one of the green Building

Environmental friendly ,Non toxic paints

• All paints contains main components1. Pigments(colour)---cadmium, lead Chromium2. Binder (holds the paint together)3. Carrier(disperses the binder)4. Petrochemicals ,solvents ,benzene formaldehyde

etc used as binders and carriers5. VOCs (organic Chemical compounds)—

evaporates easily in atmosphere and known to be major contributor to the global climate change

Eco –labels for paints

• Non toxic paints are called Low VOC ,No-VOC ,VOC Free, Odourless ,Odour free and green

• These eco labels are found as logo on paint cans and include the European Eco-Labels, Blue Angle in Germany and Green seal and Green Guard in USA

Natural paints

• These are only true non toxic paints since they contain no VOCs

• Ingredients are water, vegetable oil ,Plant dyes ,natural minerals

• Binder used are: linseed oil(flax seed) clay ,lime and milk protein

• Turpentine is used as solvent—distilled from pine trees

• Essential oil from citrus fruits ---as solvent and for fragrance

Benefits of natural paints

• Non Toxic:-No Hazardous fumes or harmful effect on health, significant for allergy sufferers and chemically sensitive people

• Environmentally Friendly:-use renewable resources ,are biodegradable, can be composted

• Micro-Porous:-prevents condensation and damp problem, less prone to paint flaking ,peeling & blistering

Green roofing

• Green roofs are those planted with specific vegetation using well researched sustainable design methodology

• It is an exciting new development in the sustainable building movement

Components of green roofing are

Components are........• Water proof layer• Roof repellent membrane• Filter cloth to drain the

water• Moisture blanket • Drainage system• Soil substrates

Typical layout of green roof

Living roofs

• It is designed to grow native plants

• It encourage a wide range of important wild life including insects species such as butterflies ,bees ,local birds etc

Types of green roofs

Intensive living roof Extensive living roof

Types of green roofs(both are used for pitched roof construction)

• Include plants of 1-15feet high

• They require deep levels of soil to support them and weight –loading roof

• Requires high irrigation and continuous

Extensive living roof• It includes low lying plants

from 2-6 inch high• Few inches of soil to

support them and low weight loading roof

• Low maintenance can be used for any type of roofs

• Sheds ,garages, houses balcony etc

Intensive living roof

Benefits of green roofs

• It provides cooling in summer and insulation in winter

• Filtering and cleaning toxins from both air & water

• Reduce CO2 emission• Retain rain water before it evaporates• Insulation against sound and noise