GREEN CLOUD

By Sphoorthy

LOGOWHAT IS CLOUD COMPUTING?Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources like networks, servers, storage, applications, and services.

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LOGOWHAT IS GREEN COMPUTING?

Green computing is the environmentally responsible and eco-friendly use of computers and their resources. In broader terms, it is also defined as the study of designing, manufacturing or engineering, using and disposing of computing devices in a way that reduces their environmental impact. Green Cloud computing is envisioned to achieve not only efficient processing and utilization of computing infrastructure, but also minimize energy consumption.

LOGOCloud Advantages

Reduce spending on technology infrastructure. Maintain easy access to information with minimal upfront spending. Pay as you go based on demand.

Globalize your workforce on the cheap. People worldwide can access the cloud, provided they have an Internet connection.

Streamline processes. Get more work done in less time with less people.

Reduce capital costs. There’s no need to spend big money on hardware, software or licensing fees.

Improve accessibility. You have access anytime, anywhere, making your life so much easier!

Minimize licensing new software. Stretch and grow without the need to buy expensive software licenses or programs.

Improve flexibility. You can change direction without serious financial issues at stake.

LOGODark side of Cloud

•Gartner Report 2007: IT industry contributes 2% of world's total CO2 emissions

•U.S. EPA Report 2007: 1.5% of total U.S. power consumption used by data centers which has more than doubled since 2000 and costs $4.5 billion

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Why is green computing needed in cloud?

Cloud Data Centers consume excessive amount of energy:

• According to a report on “Revolutionizing Data Center Energy Efficiency” :

A typical data center consumes as much energy as 25,000 households.

• The total energy bill for data centers in 2010 was over $11 billion and energy costs in a typical data center doubles every five years.

LOGOClouds Impact on the Environment

Data centers are not only expensive to maintain, but also unfriendly to the environment.

• Carbon emission due to Data Centers worldwide is now more than both Argentina and the Netherlands emission.

• High energy costs and huge carbon footprints are incurred due to the massive amount of electricity needed to power and cool the numerous servers hosted in these data centers.

LOGOPerformance Energy Efficiency

As energy costs are increasing while availability decreases, there is a need to shift focus from optimising data center resource management for pure performance alone to optimising for energy efficiency while maintaining high service level performance.

LOGOCloud Providers Measures

Cloud service providers need to adopt measures to ensure that their profit margin is not dramatically reduced due to high energy costs. • Amazon.com’s estimate the energy-related costs of its data

centers amount to 42% of the total budget that include both direct power consumption and the cooling infrastructure amortized over a 15-year period.

• Google, Microsoft, and Yahoo are building large data centers in barren desert land surrounding the Columbia River, USA to exploit cheap hydroelectric power.

LOGOGreen Cloud Computing Architecture

Cloud Infrastructure

Energy Monitor

Consumer Profiler

Accounting

Consumers(or their Brokers)

GreenService

Allocator

Power Off

Virtual Machines

(VMs)

Physical Machines

Power On Power On Power Off

Green Negotiator

PricingService

Analyzer

VM Manager

Service Scheduler

Consumer Interface

CloudInterface

Cloud ServiceProvider

Cloud ServiceProvider

Cloud ServiceProvider

QoS and energy-basedprovisioning

Broker

LOGOUser: Green Broker•A typical Cloud broker

–Lease Cloud services

–Schedule applications

Green Broker

1st layer: Analyze user requirements

2nd layer: Calculates cost and carbon footprint

of services

3rd layer: Carbon aware scheduling

Green Broker

User

Cloud Request Services

QoS Application Profiling

CloudOffers

CO2 Analysis ServicesCost

CalculatorCO2 Emission

Calculator

Green Information

System

Brokering Services such as scheduling, monitoring

Green Policies

Cloud Leasing

Scheduler

Public CloudPrivate Cloud

LOGOProvider: Green Middleware

LOGOCase Study: IaaS Cloud

Carbon Emission Directory: Stores all carbon emission rates for each IaaS provider

Green Offer Directory: Receives number of VMs that can be initiated at a particular time for maximum energy efficiency

Green Broker: Computes schedule with the lowest carbon emission based on application requirements

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Green Offer & Carbon Emission DirectoryCarbon Emission Directory

Contains data on Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE), cooling efficiency, carbon footprint, network costHelps user to select cloud services with minimum carbon footprintIncentive for providers

Advertising tool to increase the market share, e.g. GoogleRequire more carbon transparency from providers

Government role by enforcing policies such as Carbon Tax

Green Offer DirectoryIncentive for users

•Choosing more carbon efficient hoursLists services with their discounted prices and green hours

LOGOConclusion

•Clouds are essentially Data Centers hosting application services offered on a subscription basis. However, they consume high energy to maintain their operations.

high operational cost + environmental impact

•Presented a Carbon Aware Green Cloud Framework to improve the carbon footprint of Cloud computing.

•Open Issues: Lots of research to be carried out for Maximizing Efficiency of Green Data Centers and Developing Regions to benefit the most.

THANK YOU !!!!