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GREEN MANURE• DEFINATION• Green manure can defined as practice of

ploughing or turning in to the soil un decomposed green plants tissues for the purpose of improving physical structure as fertility of the soil.

• Characteristics.• The green manure crops should haveHave profuse leaves and rapid growth early • in its life cycle.

Have a deep root system.Be legume with good nodular growth habit.Capable of making good stand on poor and

exhausted soil . use of legume green manure crops is more useful

in compare to non legumes as a more nitrogen is added by legume this will be advantageous for soil and crops growth after green manure.

Types of green manures

1.Green manure in situ :in this system. green manure crops are grown and buried in the same field which is to be green manured.the most common green manure crops grown under this system are sannhemp.guar.

2.Green leaf manuring ;green leaf manuring refers to turning in to the soil green leaves and tender twigs collected from shrubs and tree grown on wasteland and nearly forest area .

Crops suitable for green manure

crops suitable for green manure can divided in to Two types.1.Legumes/leguminous crops: the legume used as green manure

crops provide nitrogen as organic matter to the soils. Legume have the ability of acquiring nitrogen from the air with the help of its nodule bacteria.

ex:sunnhemp.cowpea. Guar...2.Non legumes :the non legumes used as green manure crops

provide only organic matter to the soil. the non legume are used for green manure to a limited extent.

ex : mustard.wheat.raddish .maiz.jowar..

THE METHODS GROWING GREEN MANURE CROPS

Summer sown catch crops :the quick growing green manure crops like sannhemp.dhaincha are grown in

may to June and buried in the field in the month of July to august before the planning of the main crop of the kharif season. this method most common with paddy in andrapradesh.mysore.madras.kerala.

inter row sown crop: the quick growing green manure crops are sown along with the main crops between the lines of the crop.such green manure crops are dhaincha inter cropped with paddy.

Techniques of green manures in situ

the maximum benefit from green manures cannot Be obtained without knowing.

When the green manure crops should be grown.When they should be buried in the soil.How much time should be given between the

buying of a green manure crop and the sowing of the next crop.

Benefits of green manure

1.Supply of organic matter: green manure supplies organic matter to the soil. The organic matter residues from optimum plants growth and also it stimulates the soil micro organisms.

2.Addition of nitrogen : the green manure crops supplies additional nitrogen to organic matter. If it is

a legume crop. which has the ability to fix nitrogen from the air with the help of the root nodule bacteria.

3.Nutrients and soil conservation :green manure crop acts as cover crops. thus protect the soil erosion and

nutrients loss by taking up. soluble nutrients which might other wise have been lost drainage water. G M crops makes available phosphorous and other nutrients for succeeding crops.4.Increase The biochemical activity :the organic matter added to the soil by way of green manure acts as food for micro organisms. the organic matter stimulates the activity of micro organisms and they stimulates the biochemical changes.5.Green manure increase the crop yields :green manure increase the organic matter and nitrogen contents of the soil. it is improves that green manure can done properly.

DIS ADVANTAGES

Under rain fed condition. it is feared that proper decomposition of the green manure crops and

satisfactory germination of the crops may not takes place the practice of green manure may not be always

economical.The cost of growing green manure crops may be more

than the cost of commercial nitrogenous fertilizers.An increase of diseases.incects and nematodes is possible.A risk in obtaining a satisfactory stand and growth of the

green manure crops.

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