GREEN NETWORKS-AN OVERVIEWBY,NEENU.K.SROLL NO:22,ECASIET

1

GUIDED BY,Ms. SHANTHI.S.PRABHU

INTRODUCTION

The practice of selecting energy-efficient networking technologies

and products, and minimizing resource use whenever possible.

Green Networking practices includes:

upgrading older equipments for newer.

more energy-efficient products.

2

OVERVIEW

Introduction

Causes for power consumption.

Methods to increase energy efficiency.

Conclusion

Reference

3

OBJECTIVES

To analyze the energy consumption in different fields.

To know about the methods to reduce such consumptions and

thus to increase energy efficiency .

4

POWER CONSUMPTION IN DIFFERENT FIELDS

Information and Communication Technology(ICT) contributes 2%

of CO2 emission.

The first problem of the high levels of energy consumption is that

it is often necessary to use fossil fuel (e.g. diesel), which produces

large amounts of GHG.

The figures are going to triple by 2020.

Objects in Mirror are

Close than they Appear

5

POWER CONSUMPTION IN DIFFERENT

FIELDS(contd..)

Most of the power loss occurs in base stations of cellular

network and can be illustrated as:

Figure :Estimated energy consumption in the BS. Source ref [1] 6

MECHANISMS THAT REDUCE ENERGY

CONSUMPTIONS

CELL LAYOUT ADAPTATION(CLA)

CELL SHAPING TECHNIQUES

MACRO-FEMTO CELLS

DEPLOYMENT

REPEATERSS

ENERGY EFFICIENT TRANSMISSION

MECHANISM &RRM

COMPONENT APPROACH

7

CELL LAYOUT ADAPTATION TECHNIQUES

The technique that yields higher energy reduction at a network

scale.

Cell shaping techniques

8Figure : Cell shape adaptation in function of traffic distribution Source:ref [1]

Cell shaping techniques (continue..)

Best way to decrease energy consumption in cellular network is

to adapt cell layout traffic distribution by cell shaping.

The basic idea is to turn off most of the base stations during low

traffic period.

For switching off, its necessary that the base station about to be

deactivated redistribute the traffic to their closest neighbours.

Some base stations will not be able to redistribute their traffic

and will remain active ,and this is said as ‘cell is breathing’

9

Macro -femto radio access deployments

It’s a technique gaining more relevance in current trends.

A macro cell is a cell in a mobile phone network that provides

radio coverage served by a high power cellular base station

(tower).

A femto cell is a small, low-power cellular base station, typically

designed for use in a home or small business.

10

Macro -femto radio access deployments(continue..)

Femto cells are good solution to enforce the capacity of a

macrocell deployment without a high increase in energy

consumption.

This avoids introduction of new macro BS’s to extend coverage

and availability.

Figure :Simplified diagram of a joint deployment of femto/macro BSs. Source:ref [1]

11

Repeaters

Device used for boosting the cell phone reception.

Similar to the cellular broadcast towers used for broadcasting

by the network providers.

They are smaller, usually intended for use in one building.

12Fig:A radio repeater retransmits a radio signal.

ENERGY EFFICIENT TRANSMISSION MECHANISMS

AND RRM

MIMO- In radio, multiple-input and multiple-output is the use

of multiple antennas at both the transmitter and receiver to improve

communication performance. It is one of several forms of smart

antenna technology.

It offers significant increases in data throughput and link range

without additional bandwidth or increased transmit power.

Fig :MIMO system 13

ENERGY EFFICIENT TRANSMISSION MECHANISMS

AND RRM(continue..)

RRM-Radio resource management is the system level control of co-

channel interference and other radio transmission characteristics

in wireless communication systems.

RRM involves strategies and algorithms for controlling parameters

such as transmit power,user allocation, data rates, handover criteria,

modulation scheme, error coding scheme, etc.

The objective is to utilize the limited radio-frequency spectrum

resources and radio network infrastructure as efficiently as possible.

14

COMPONENT APPROACH

Mainly concerned with the RF power amplifier section in the

base stations of RAN(Random Access Network).

RF section consumes about 60-70% of the energy supplied.

New internal base structure architectures have been

developed to overcome this.

15

CONCLUSION

In the present context its essential that we everyone should

be aware of energy saving.

Practical implementations for Green wireless networks are

needed quickly.

Better link should be established between advanced

research proposals and practical mechanisms.

16

[1]EURASIP Journel on Wireless communications and Networking 2012

Found at: http://jwcn.eurasipjournals.com/content/2012/1/142

[2] M Nokleby, B Aazhang, User cooperation for energy-efficient cellular

communications, in IEEE International Conference on

Communications(ICC),2010. Cape Town, South Africa, 1–5 (May 2010)

[3] Mobile VCE, Fibre-to-Air for Cellular Applications–Improving Network

Flexibility & Energy Efficiency.

Found at: http://www.mobilevce.com/newsite/sites/default/files/infostore/

ibriefFIBREtoAIR%284%29.pdf

REFERENCE

17

Thank You!

18