GRID COMPUTINGGrid computing is the linking together of multiple computing resources – including processors and storage devices – to provide a much larger, more powerful single virtual computer. Grid computing is a method of harnessing the power of many computers in a network to solve problems requiring a large number of processing cyc1es and involving huge amounts of data. The grid computing helps in exploiting underutilized resources, achieving parallel CPU capacity; provide virtual resources for collaboration and reliability.

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Grid Architecture

Autonomous, globally distributed computers/clusters

Grid computing usually consists of one main computer that distributes information and tasks to a group of networked computers to accomplish a common goal. Grid computing is often used to complete complicated or tedious mathematical or scientific calculations.

A parallel processing architecture in which CPU resources are shared across a network and all machines function as one large supercomputer.

Its like a hotel serving all kind of food/drinks.(Masala Dosa, Butter Dosa, Pasta, Noodles, Tea, Coffee, Cappuccino, Guinness, Budwiser, etc).

COUSINS OF GRID COMPUTING

Parallel ComputingDistributed ComputingPeer- to –Peer ComputingCluster ComputingCloud ComputingUtility ComputingNetwork ComputingClient/Server computingInternet Computing

PARALLEL COMPUTING

Parallel Computing is the simultaneous use of multiple compute resources to solve a computational problem: To be run using multiple CPUsA problem is broken into discrete parts that can be solved concurrentlyEach part is further broken down to a series of instructionsInstructions from each part execute simultaneously on different CPUs

DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING

Distributed computing also refers to the use of distributed systems to solve computational problems. In distributed computing, a problem is divided into many tasks, each of which is solved by one or more computers.

Its like a hotel serving one kind of food and its varieties. ( For e.g.: Dosa -> Masala Dosa, Butter Dosa, Plain Dosa, Set Dosa. Pasta --> Veg Pasta, Non-Veg Pasta, Plain Pasta, etc )

PEER TO PEER COMPUTING

Peer-to-peer (P2P) computing or networking is a distributed application architecture that partitions tasks or workloads between peers. Peers are equally privileged, equipotent participants in the application.

Peers are both suppliers and consumers of resources, in contrast to the traditional client–server model where only servers supply and clients consume.

CLUSTER COMPUTINGA cluster computer is a set of CPU

nodes(that have the same Hardware configuration and OS) that are used to solve any problem over a network. The way in which this cooperation is accomplished among the computers to solve a problem is called Cluster Computing.

Its like a hotel serving only one kind of food. (Fog e.g.: Only Masala Dosa, Only Vegetable Pasta, Only Butter Dosa).

Cluster computing is the technique of linking two or more computers into a network (usually through a local area network) in order to take advantage of the parallel processing power of those computers. 

CLOUD COMPUTING

Cloud computing is sharing of resources by many users, for example imagine a company which had been formed recently with physical infrastructure such as buildings and computers, they cant spend further money on software. Thus they come towards cloud where they have to pay only for the resources which they are using, it helps them to save money.

Cloud computing is computation, software, data access, and storage services that do not require end-user knowledge of the physical location and configuration of the system that delivers the services.Cloud computing can be compared to the supply of electricity and gas, or the provision of telephone, television and postal services. All of these services are presented to the users in a simple way that is easy to understand without the users needing to know how the services are provided.

UTILITY COMPUTINGUtility computing is a service

provisioning model in which a service provider makes computing resources and infrastructure management available to the customer as needed and charges them for specific usage rather than a flat rate.

NETWORK COMPUTINGNetwork computing refers to

computers working together over a network as opposed to stand alone computers like laptops and home computers.

CLIENT SERVER COMPUTINGClient/server computing

generally refers to a computing model where two or more computers interact in such a way that one provides services to the other. This model allows customers to access information resources and services located anywhere within the customers information network.

SOME GRID APPLICATIONS

Distributed SupercomputingHigh-throughput ComputingOn-demand ComputingData-intensive ComputingCollaborative ComputingLogistical Networking

DISTRIBUTED SUPERCOMPUTING

Tackle problems that cannot be solved on a single system.

Combining multiple high-capacity resources on a computational grid into a single, virtual distributed supercomputer.

High throughput computing

Uses the grid to schedule large numbers of loosely coupled or independent tasks, with the goal of putting unused processor cycles to work.

On Demand Computing

Uses grid capabilities to meet short-term requirements for resources that are not locally accessible.

Models real-time computing demands.

Data Intensive Computing

The focus is on synthesizing new information from data that is maintained in geographically distributed repositories, digital libraries, and databases.

Particularly useful for distributed data mining.

Collaborative Computing

Concerned primarily with enabling and enhancing human-to-human interactions.

Applications are often structured in terms of a virtual shared space.

Logistical Networking

Global scheduling and optimization of data movement.

Contrasts with traditional networking, which does not explicitly model storage resources in the network.

Called "logistical" because of the analogy it bears with the systems of warehouses, depots, and distribution channels.

GRID USERSMany levels of users

◦Grid Developers◦Tool Developers◦Application Developers◦End Users◦System Administrators

Grid Developers

Very small group.Implementers of a grid

“protocol” who provides the basic services required to construct a grid

Tool Developers

Implement the programming models used by application developers.

Implement basic services similar to conventional computing services:◦User authentication/authorization◦Process management◦Data access and communication

Application Developers

Construct grid-enabled applications for end-users who should be able to use these applications without concern for the underlying grid.

Provide programming models that are appropriate for grid environments and services that programmers can rely on when developing (higher-level) applications.

System Administrators

Balance local and global concerns.

Manage grid components and infrastructure.