grid service architectures

Nguyen Tuan AnhVN-Grid seminars: Grid Service Architecture

Grid Service Architectures

Nguyen Tuan Anh


Overview

A bit about Grid evolutions

Distributed services: technologies trend

Grid services Architecture Standards


Grid evolution

1996

GT1.0

Proof of concept

1999

GUSTO testbed

2002

GT3.0OGSI/OGSA

2005

GT4.0WSRF-Draft

GGF

Standardization

-Basic services?-Security issues

- Grid architecture- Grid interoperability

Globus Toolkit !!!!http://www.globus.org

2008

GT4.2WSRF


Where are we now?

Grid service standardization is almost done Grid service architecture Grid service specification

Grid middleware Based on Grid and Web standards Reference implementations

Direction for the future Emphasis on Application as Service Cloud computing

Keyword: SERVICES! SERVICES! SERVICES!


Traditional Distributed Computing Paradigm

CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) RMI (Remote Method Invocation) DCOM (Distributed Component Object Model) RPC (Remote Procedure Call)

What issues those tools have to face with?


Remote Procedure Call (RPC)


Java Remote Method Invocation (RMI)


Distributed Component Object Model

Microsoft-flavor distributed objects


CORBA: Common Object Request Broker Architecture


What is still missing in those technologies to be used on the Grid?


How Web Service enters the scene

Traditional distributed computing tools None has ever caught on for ubiquitous and heterogeneous environments.

Human as a part of the environment Security issues

Most haven't even tried to make that a design goal.

Web services applies the same programming paradigm but largely based on emerging Internet and Web technologies HTTP XML


Web Service definition

Web service is a software system designed to support interoperable Machine to Machine interaction over a network.

Web services are frequently just Web APIs that can be accessed over a network

Grid services as stateful Web services Open Grid Service Infrastructure (OGSI) Web Service Resource Framework (WSRF)


The “Grid service” cloud

Which services

are available

Which standard are Grid

services based on?

Where services will be

deployed and executed

Which background technology are

Grid services based on?

, WSRF

GT4Unicore

gLite


OGSA: design principles


Grid architecture: principles

Fabric layer Physical resources

Computers/ computing platforms Data storages Sensors Network

Layered on top of local OS

Resource & connectivity protocols layer Provide access to resources and services in the fabric layer Security management

Authentication Authorization Secure communication


Grid architecture

Collective service layers Facilitate the use of resources/services Provide meta-services

Resource discovery Resource brokers Failure detection ...

User application layers Grid applications

Parallel applications Service-oriented applications ...


OGSA’s view of the Grid environment

Physical Environment

Security• Authentication• Authorization• Policy implementation

Resources• Virtualization• Management• Optimization

Execution Management

• Execution Planning• Workflow• Work managers

Provisioning• Configuration• Deployment• Optimization

Data• Storage Mgmt.• Transport• Replica Mgmt.

Virtual Domains

• Service Groups• Virtual Organizations

Physical Environment

• Hardware• Network• Sensors• Equipment

I nfrastructure Profile

• Required interfaces supported by all services


How to define a Grid service?


Grid Service Specifications

Open Grid Service Infrastructure (OGSI) GT3, 2002 Toward but not yet converge with Web Services

Web Service Resource Framework (WSRF) GT 4.x, 2005 Fully convergence with Web services

Both OGSI and WSRF heavily depend on Web Services technologies and Specifications (WS) OGSA extends WS specs to define stateful Grid services WSRF use WS specs to define Grid services


OGSI and WSRF

OGSI

WSRF


OGSI and WSRF

OGSI: Grid services in one specification

Do not work well with existing WS tools

Object and component paradigm Data as part of the service

WSRF: Grid services as composite of WS-related specifications

Benefit WS tools to develop WSRF services

Decompose into “interfaces” (WS) and resources Favor client-server model


OGSI vs. WSRF specs


OGSA on top of WSRF


Grid Service Factory

“Factory” design pattern A service used to create new service instances


WSRF service invocation


A bit more about Web services …


Web Services Protocol

Simple Object Access Protocol XML-based method calls over a network An enveloping mechanism consisting of elements (in the SOAP namespace)

within which any XML can be sent An RPC mechanism, as well as a data-encoding model.


SOAP


WSDL: Web Service Description Language


WS Specifications

ConnectedConnected Applications Applications ManagementManagement BusinessBusiness

ProcessProcess ……

SecuritySecurity ReliabilityReliability TransactionsTransactions

MessagingMessaging

XMLXML

Met

adat

aM

etad

ata

HTTPHTTP TCPTCP SMTPSMTP ……

Messaging SpecificationsMessaging SpecificationsSOAP SOAP WS-Addressing WS-Addressing MTOM (Attachments) MTOM (Attachments) WS-Eventing WS-Eventing Security SpecificationsSecurity SpecificationsWS-Security WS-Security WS-SecureConversation WS-SecureConversation WS-Trust WS-Trust WS-Federation Requestor WS-Federation Requestor ProfileProfileWS-Federation PassiveWS-Federation PassiveReliable Messaging Reliable Messaging SpecificationsSpecificationsWS-ReliableMessagingWS-ReliableMessagingTransaction Transaction SpecificationsSpecificationsWS-Coordination WS-Coordination WS-AtomicTransaction WS-AtomicTransaction WS-BusinessActivityWS-BusinessActivityMetadata SpecificationsMetadata SpecificationsWSDLWSDLUDDI UDDI WS-Policy WS-Policy WS-PolicyAssertions WS-PolicyAssertions WS-PolicyAttachment WS-PolicyAttachment WS-SecurityPolicyWS-SecurityPolicyXML SpecificationsXML SpecificationsXML XML Namespaces in XMLNamespaces in XMLXML Information Set XML Information Set XInclude XInclude


A bit more about WSRF …


Web services: stateless invocation


From stateless to stateful service


WSRF: Web Service Resource Framework

WSRF : a framework that Provide Web Service interface Elaborate resource (data) to the web service


Conclusion

Moving fast toward Service-centric environment/applications

Many technologies: Web and Grid conversions

Grid goes far beyond HPC, toward business applications Cloud computing

My dream “Grid infrastructure as analog of electrical Grid” not yet come true Possibly in near future

grid service architectures

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