group 2 bernard smith thomas laborde hannah prather fault tolerance environment power topology and...
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Group 2
Bernard SmithThomas LabordeHannah Prather
Fault Tolerance
Environment
Power
Topology and Connectivity
Servers
HurricanePreparedness
Network Edition
Guide
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Hurricane Preparedness: Fault TolerancePower
EnvironmentSection 1: Fault Tolerance, Environment, and Power
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Hurricane Preparedness: Fault TolerancePower
EnvironmentData Protection Plan:
•Excessive Heat•Moisture•Break-ins•National Disasters
Prevention:
•Locked doors•Air conditioning•Maintained at constant humidity.
Power
Power Flaws:
•Surge•Noise•Brownout•Blackout
Fault ToleranceThe capacity of a system to continue performing despite an unexpected hardware or software malfunction.
Fault vs
Failure
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Hurricane Preparedness: Fault TolerancePower
Factors to consider in deciding which UPS is right
for you:
UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supplies)
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2
1
Generators
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Amount of Power Needed (volt-amps)
Period of time to keep a device running
Line Conditioning
Cost
OnlineStandby
What type of
generator do we
need? Diesel?
Steam? natural
gas? liquid propane
gas?
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Hurricane Preparedness: Fault TolerancePower
Figure 14-2 UPSs and a generator in a network design
Generators
typically are
combined with
UPSs to ensure
clean power is
always
available
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Hurricane Preparedness: Fault TolerancePower
EnvironmentSection 2: Topology and Connectivity
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LAN- a star topology
WAN- full-mesh topology
SONET
T1 link
Hurricane Preparedness: Fault Tolerance
Contact Internet
Service Provider
and establish a
Virtual Private
Network
Hurricane Preparedness: Fault TolerancePower
Topology
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Determine your
network’s needs
Supply multiple
paths for the
data
Concerns:• Capacity• Scalability
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Hurricane Preparedness: Fault ToleranceHurricane Preparedness: Fault TolerancePower
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Connectivity
Internet
• Failover
• Hot swappable
• Load balancing
With many
devices
connected in
one network,
leaves more
room for failure
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Hurricane Preparedness: Fault TolerancePower
EnvironmentSection 3: Servers
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Advantage: each
server can provide
its own data
processing
-always ready to
take over for failed
server
-reduces cost
-improves
performance
Hurricane Preparedness: Fault ToleranceHurricane Preparedness: Fault TolerancePower
Server Mirroring
Redundancy ensures fault tolerant servers
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Clustering
Servers
• NICs• Processors• Hard disks
• One device duplicates the activities of another
Advantage:
servers involved
do not have to be
next to each other
Disadvantage:
time consuming
• Links multiple servers together to act as a single server
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Hurricane Preparedness: Fault TolerancePower
EnvironmentSection 3: RAID
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Hurricane Preparedness: Fault TolerancePower
Disk 1 Disk 3Disk 2 Disk 4
Disk Controller
RAID drive
64 KB
64 KB
128-KBfile
RAIDRedundant
Array of
Independent
Disks1. A collection2. Single disk Failure3. Increase Storage4. Better Disk Performance
Level 0
1. Simple2. 64 bit blocks3. No Redundancy4. Multiple5. Best Performance
AKA Disk
Stripping
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Hurricane Preparedness: Fault TolerancePower
Disk 1 Disk 3Disk 2 Disk 4
Disk Controller
RAID drive
128 KB
128 KB
128-KBfile
- Disk - mirro
ring
- Failed disk =
Auto switch
- Costly – identical
disks
Level 1
Software is
taxing on the
CPU
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Hurricane Preparedness: Fault TolerancePower
Disk 1 Disk 3Disk 2 Disk 4
Disk Controller
RAID drive
1 KB
.33 KB
1 KB
.33 KB
1 KB
.33 KB
Parity
Parity
File 1(3 KB)File 2(1 KB)
RAID Level 3- Disk Stripping,
Error Correction
Code algorithm
- Parity, integrity
of data
- Sum of data plus
parity = odd or
even
- Written then
read
- Parity on one
disk- could fail
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Hurricane Preparedness: Fault TolerancePower
-Most Popular
-Parity with error
checking
-Fault Tolerance
Failed disk,
software
Disk 1 Disk 3Disk 2 Disk 4
Disk Controller
RAID drive
4 KB
4 KB
4 KB
4 KB
4 KB
4 KB
File 1(12 KB)
File 2(16 KB)
Parity Parity
Parity
Parity
4 KB
Hot Spare – part of
system, ready to
go
Cold Spare – not
installed
RAID Level 5
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Hurricane Preparedness: Fault TolerancePower
EnvironmentSection 4: NAS & SANS
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Hurricane Preparedness: Fault TolerancePower
NAS (Network Attached Storage) SANs Storage Area Networks
1. Connected to a Network2. Optimized for saving
and serving files
Must have a file server to interact
1. Communicates Directly2. Mesh Topology3. Most Fault Tolerant 4. Fiber Optics
Multiple storage
devices connected
to multiple servers
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Hurricane Preparedness: Fault Tolerance
Any
questions?
Call Kari
Walters for
more
information
225-555-555
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