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Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

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Page 1: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Group Dynamics

“Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing

that ever has.”

Margaret Mead

Page 2: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Group Dynamics

The social process by which people interact in a group environment

The influences of personality, power and behavior on the group process

Page 3: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Types of Groups

Formal - structured to perform specific tasks.

Informal - emerge naturally in response to organizational or

member interests.

Page 4: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Group Size

★to express individual viewpoints;

★to develop social relationships;

★to ensure everyone participates;

★for individual recognition.

Issues to be considered include opportunities:

Page 5: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Group DevelopmentForming - orientation, guidance

(dependence)

Storming - conflict, roles and responsibilities, rules and

procedures, individual recognition (counterdependence)

Page 6: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Group Development (contd)Norming - issue resolution,

develop social agreements, cohesion, establish group norms

(interdependence)

Performing - mutual assistance, creativity, understanding goals and

roles (independence)

Adjourning - closure, symbolism, ceremonies, and emotional support.

Page 7: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Group Functions

★Task behaviors;

★Maintenance behaviors;

★Self-interest behaviors.

Page 8: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Task Behaviors

★initiating;

★information seeking/giving;

★clarifying ideas;

★brining closure;

★consensus testing.

Page 9: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Maintenance Behaviors

★encouraging;

★improving group atmosphere;

★harmonizing;

★compromising;

★gate-keeping.

Page 10: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Self-interest Behaviors

★dominating/controlling;

★blocking;

★manipulating;

★belittling;

★splitting hairs.

Page 11: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Group Norms★social standards and acceptable

behaviors;

★collectively held expectations of group functioning;

★provide regularity and predictability to group functioning.

Page 12: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Types of Norms

★conduct;

★work performance/attendance;

★rearranging personal space;

★assisting co-workers;

★loyalty;

★dress codes;

★rewards.

Standards related to:

Page 13: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Roles

Assigned roles - chair, secretary, manager, treasurer, etc;

Emergent roles - confidant, group clown, gossip, mentor, etc;

Page 14: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Factors That Impact Effectiveness

Role Ambiguity - worker is unclear of job definition;

Role Conflict - worker experiences job overlap.

Page 15: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Status

Symbolic - office, administrative support, perks;

Impact - authority, hierarchy, decision-making, rewards.

Page 16: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Affected by the ability of the group to:

Group Cohesion

Work as a unit, share tasks, recognize member contributions;

-VS-

Conflict, role ambiguity, lack of motivation;

-Attracts-

High performers, opportunists, achievers;

-Affected by-

Group size, cliques, acts of protest, self-interest behavior

Page 17: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Support

★training;

★reward system;

★empowerment/self-management;

★organizational representativeness/diversity.

Page 18: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Individual BehaviorPassive -easily “pushed around”,

compliant, submissive, non-resistant.

Aggressive - pushy, hostile, forceful, creates conflict, shows

disregard for others.

Assertive - self-assured, confident, positive, protects own

rights, respects others.

Page 19: Group Dynamics “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead

Effective Teams

★high skills, high motivation;

★have a clear picture of group goals;

★high performance;

★success attracts others;

★opportunity for individual recognition;

★recognition of professionalism.

Are a result of:


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