Groups and OrganizationsGroups and Organizations

Why Join a Group?Why Join a Group?

Key ConceptsKey Concepts

Small and Large GroupsSmall and Large Groups

• We must learn to get along with othersWe must learn to get along with others• A two member social group is called a A two member social group is called a dyaddyad: :

example is when we have lunch with a friend or example is when we have lunch with a friend or go to the movies with our partnergo to the movies with our partner

• Can be difficult to sustain over long periods as Can be difficult to sustain over long periods as both people must be committed to maintaining both people must be committed to maintaining it.it.

• Society tries to reinforce marital Society tries to reinforce marital dyaddyad with with legal, economic and religious ties.legal, economic and religious ties.

• In your group take 2 minutes to create a list of In your group take 2 minutes to create a list of examples of society reinforcing the marital examples of society reinforcing the marital dyaddyad. .

Larger GroupsLarger Groups

• These groups help us achieve far-reaching These groups help us achieve far-reaching goals. Ex. A volunteer fire departmentgoals. Ex. A volunteer fire department

• Must be a larger group as not every Must be a larger group as not every member will be available all the time.member will be available all the time.

• Another benefit of larger groups is Another benefit of larger groups is stability.stability.

• As people leave others replace them As people leave others replace them enabling the group to continue it’s enabling the group to continue it’s existence.existence.

Polygamy/PolyandryPolygamy/Polyandry• What would be the What would be the

benefits of having benefits of having more than one more than one spouse?spouse?

• How might this How might this impact the impact the relationships within relationships within these extended these extended family groups family groups versus relationships versus relationships which are which are dyadsdyads??

• Read case study Read case study with class on page with class on page 281-282281-282

The Sociologists ExplanationThe Sociologists Explanation

• Key Terms: Key Terms: Primary Group, Primary Group, Secondary Group, NormsSecondary Group, Norms

•PrimaryPrimary: people with close personal : people with close personal relationshipsrelationships

•SecondarySecondary: less personal and more : less personal and more formal relationships, official roles formal relationships, official roles (coach) – group works together to (coach) – group works together to reach specific goals.reach specific goals.

•NormsNorms: accepted standards of : accepted standards of behaviour. behaviour.

Psychologist’s ExplanationPsychologist’s Explanation

• An examination of Elaine’s personality An examination of Elaine’s personality to explain why she joined the team.to explain why she joined the team.

• Needs not being met at homeNeeds not being met at home• Logical approach to selecting her Logical approach to selecting her

secondary groupsecondary group• Integrated her self knowledge from Integrated her self knowledge from

primary group into the selection primary group into the selection process for secondary groupprocess for secondary group

Anthropologist’s Anthropologist’s ExplanationExplanation• Key Terms: Key Terms: Culture, Material CultureCulture, Material Culture

• Different Different culturescultures or subcultures exist in or subcultures exist in communities.communities.

• Elaine gravitated to the culture of team Elaine gravitated to the culture of team sports, something she could identify with sports, something she could identify with where players encourage each other.where players encourage each other.

• Making strategic decisions for the group is Making strategic decisions for the group is another important feature of the culture.another important feature of the culture.

• Rituals also play an important role.Rituals also play an important role.

Cont’d…Cont’d…

• Material CultureMaterial Culture: She is also drawn : She is also drawn to the team’s uniforms and the school to the team’s uniforms and the school crest on them. crest on them.

• What are some of the other appealing What are some of the other appealing features of the culture of team features of the culture of team sports?sports?

• In your group come up with five (5) In your group come up with five (5) examples of groups where examples of groups where material material cultureculture is an important element. (5 is an important element. (5 minutes)minutes)

Formal Organizations and Formal Organizations and BureaucraciesBureaucracies

• Key Concepts: Key Concepts: Formal Formal Organizations, types of Organizations, types of bureaucracies including bureaucracies including utilitarian, normative, and utilitarian, normative, and coercive, stratified culturescoercive, stratified cultures

• Formal organizationsFormal organizations are structured are structured groups with comprehensive and groups with comprehensive and elaborate rules.elaborate rules.

What the heck is a What the heck is a Bureaucracy?Bureaucracy?

•BureaucraciesBureaucracies large, highly- large, highly-structured organizations that structured organizations that tend to function in an impersonal tend to function in an impersonal manner, first studied by Max manner, first studied by Max Weber.Weber.

•Three types include Three types include utilitarian, utilitarian, normative, and coercive.normative, and coercive.

•Max Weber identified Max Weber identified six six characteristicscharacteristics of bureaucratic of bureaucratic organizations (pg 286)organizations (pg 286)

Stratified CulturesStratified Cultures

• StratifiedStratified: : divided into divided into layers. The layers layers. The layers may be based on may be based on a variety of a variety of factors, including factors, including educational educational achievement, achievement, income level, and income level, and social importance.social importance.

Balance of Class and Balance of Class and HomeworkHomework

1)1) Read pages 284-292Read pages 284-2922)2) What are some problems that might What are some problems that might

arise in a stratified culture?arise in a stratified culture?3)3) Examine figure 9.3 on page 287 and Examine figure 9.3 on page 287 and

respond to the question beside it.respond to the question beside it.4)4) Answer question #5 on page 292. Answer question #5 on page 292.

Create the chart in your notes.Create the chart in your notes.I will be checking this and I will be checking this and

discussing tomorrow!!!discussing tomorrow!!!