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GSM Association Non-confidential
Official Document IR.81 - GRQ Measurement Implementation
V4.0 Page 1 of 79
GRQ Measurement Implementation
Version 4.0
22 May 2015
This is a Non-binding Permanent Reference Document of the GSMA
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information contained in it must not be disclosed or in any other way made available, in whole or in part, to persons other than those permitted
under the security classification without the prior written approval of the Association.
Copyright Notice
Copyright © 2015 GSM Association
Disclaimer
The GSM Association (“Association”) makes no representation, warranty or undertaking (express or implied) with respect to and does not accept
any responsibility for, and hereby disclaims liability for the accuracy or completeness or timeliness of the information contained in this document.
The information contained in this document may be subject to change without prior notice.
Antitrust Notice
The information contain herein is in full compliance with the GSM Association’s antitrust compliance policy.
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Table of Contents
Introduction 3
1
Overview 3
1.1
Scope 4
1.1.1
Purpose 4
1.1.2
Relation to other PRDs 5
1.2
Scope and Purpose 5
1.3
Definition of Terms 5
1.4
Document Cross-References 6
1.5
Overview of roaming QoS monitoring methods 6
2 End-to-end Active Testing and Monitoring 7
2.1 Drive Testing and Monitoring 7
2.2 Passive Monitoring 8
2.3 CAMEL Monitoring 8
2.4 Use smartphone for QoS test 9 2.5 DIAMETER and GTP-C / -U Monitoring 10 2.6 Overview of Roaming QoS Parameters 10
3 Voice QoS Parameters 11
3.1 CS voice QoS parameters 11 3.1.1
Voice CSFB QoS parameters 12 3.1.2
PS voice QoS parameters 12 3.1.3
SMS QoS Parameters 13 3.2
Data QoS Parameters 13 3.3
GPRS / UMTS data QoS parameters 13 3.3.1
LTE data QoS parameters 14 3.3.2
IPX QoS Monitoring 15
3.4
QoS Parameter-Method Grid 15
4
Circuit Switched 17
4.1
SMS 20
4.2
Packet Switched GPRS/UMTS 20
4.3
Voice CSFB 23
4.4
SMSoSGs 24
4.5
Packet Switched – LTE [5] [6] [7] [8] 26
4.6
Test Methodology 30
5
End-To-End Active Testing and Monitoring 30
5.1
General Information 30
5.1.1
GSM/GPRS and UMTS Test Specification 31
5.1.2
LTE/EPC test specification 38
5.1.3
Passive Monitoring 48
5.2
General Information 48
5.2.1
GPRS / UMTS Test Specification 49
5.2.2
LTE test specification 53
5.2.3
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CAMEL Monitoring 53
5.3
General Information 53
5.3.1
Test specification 54
5.3.2
Call Flow 55
5.4
Location update 55
5.4.1
Voice call MO 57
5.4.2
Voice call MT 58
5.4.3
SMS and SMSoSGs 58
5.4.4
Packet Switched/GPRS 59
5.4.5
FTP 61
5.4.6
Ping 61
5.4.7 HTTP/HTTPS 61
5.4.8 .EPS 63
5.4.9 Trigger Table 66
5.5 GSM/GPRS and UMTS trigger points 66
5.5.1 LTE trigger points 72 5.5.2 Monitoring Values 78 5.6
Annex A Document Management 79
A.1 Document History 79
Introduction 1
Global Roaming Quality (GRQ) provides a neutral, objective and proportionate framework
for active testing, passive monitoring. Regular GRQ measurements assure end-to-end
roaming services quality, thus enable GSMA members to get a global perspective on
roaming quality.
By reducing roaming quality issues, reasonable quality levels can be assured and customer
satisfaction improved. The costs associated with customer complaints and fault resolution
will also reduce.
Overview
1.1
This document describes the implementation procedures for measuring the quality of SMS,
voice, and data roaming services end-to-end both in the bilateral and in the roaming
hubbing scenario. The document consists of four main sections.
The first section details common Quality of Service (QoS) monitoring methods for use with
the GRQ monitoring framework.
The second section provides an overview of the quality parameters used with the GRQ
monitoring framework. These parameters are defined with details of calculations in PRD
IR.42 [1].
The third section contains the tables indicating which monitoring methods are appropriate
for each monitoring parameter, and the necessary conditions for consistent monitoring
results.
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The fourth section provides detailed testing conditions for each parameter, method, and
Visited Public Mobile Network/ Home Public Mobile Network (VPMN/HPMN) perspective.
The 5th section specifies the test trigger and measurement points for each test methods.As
each section builds on the previous one, it is recommended to read all the sections in the
given order.
Scope
1.1.1
This permanent reference document (PRD) provides the parameters, methods, and
conditions necessary to perform end-to-end monitoring of roaming services according to the
GRQ framework.
Other parameters may complement GRQ monitoring and other methods may be added in
the future.
Purpose
1.1.2This document is intended for mobile operators, roaming Hubbing Providers and vendors.
Operators will find information about the most important QoS parameters and common
monitoring methods for end-to-end roaming QoS monitoring.
Roaming Hubbing Providers will find information about the most important QoS parameters
and common monitoring methods that can be natively measured/performed by roaming
Hubbing Providers themselves.
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Relation to other PRDs
1.2
Figure 1: Relation of IR.81 to other PRD
Scope and Purpose 1.3
This permanent reference document (PRD) provides the parameters, methods, and
conditions necessary to perform end-to-end monitoring of roaming services according to the
GRQ framework.
This document is intended for mobile operators, roaming Hubbing Providers and
vendors.Operators will find information about the most important QoS parameters and
common monitoring methods for end-to-end roaming QoS monitoring. Roaming Hubbing
Providers will find information about the most important QoS parameters and common
monitoring methods that can be natively measured/performed by roaming Hubbing
Providers themselves.
Vendors will find information about the most important QoS parameters and the necessary
testing conditions providing for comparable monitoring results irrespective of the methods,
vendors, and mobile operators involved.
Definition of Terms
1.4
Term Description
ACD Average Call Duration
ASR Answer-Seize Ratio
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CAMEL Customized Applications for Mobile networks Enhanced Logic
GTP GPRS Tunneling Protocol
HPMN Home Public Mobile Network
IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
ISUP ISDN User Part
MAP Mobile Application Part
MSC Mobile Switching Centre
PDD Post-Dial Delay
QoS Quality of Service
SS7 Signalling System 7
STP Signaling Transfer Point
VPMN Visited Public Mobile Network
Document Cross-References 1.5
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute
provisions of the present document. References are non-specific, i.e. referred to the latest
version.
No. Document Description
[1] GMSA PRD IR.42 Definition of Quality of Service parameters and their computation
[2] ETSI TS 102 250-4 "Speech Processing, Transmission and Quality Aspects (STQ);
QoS aspects for popular services in GSM and 3G networks; Part 4:
Requirements for Quality of Service measurement equipment ".
[3] ETSI TR 103 114 "Speech Processing, Transmission and Quality Aspects (STQ);
QoS parameters and measurement methodology for smartphone".
[4] 3GPP TS 23.272 "Circuit Switched Fallback in Evolved Packet System;
Stage 2"
[5] 3GPP TS 23.401 "GPRS Enhancements for E-UTRAN Access"
[6] 3GPP TS 29.272 "MME and SGSN related interfaces based on Diameter protocol"
[7] 3GPP TS 29.274 "Evolved General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Tunnelling
Protocol for Control plane (GTPv2-C); Stage 3"
[8] 3GPP TS 29.281 "General Packet Radio System (GPRS) Tunnelling Protocol User
Plane (GTPv1-U)"
Overview of roaming QoS monitoring methods
2
Monitoring is a continuous method to measure the QoS on an on-going basis. It provides a
statistical representation of end-user experience based on a sample of the roaming services
provided. This in contrast to ad-hoc tests, which are only giving a snap-shot of the QoS. Ad-
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hoc tests are typically more complicated, and are not standardized. These are used for
troubleshooting.
There are two general approaches to monitoring roaming QoS end-to-end.
The first approach generates test calls in the visited network using test subscriber identity
module (SIM) cards from stationery or a moving test rig. This is referred to as ‘active
monitoring’.
The second approach monitors live roaming traffic signaling and IP traffic resulting from
roaming subscriber activities in the visited network. This is referred to as ‘passive
monitoring’, because this approach is non-intrusive. Roaming Hubbing Providers can
natively perform some of these methods.
This document includes both approaches and contains details of the following common
methods:
1. End-to-end Active Testing and Monitoring
2. Drive Testing and Monitoring
3. Passive Monitoring
4. CAMEL Monitoring
5. DIAMETER and GTP-C / –U Monitoring
6. Use smartphone
One or more methods can be combined to perform end-to-end GRQ monitoring. Other
methods may be added in the future.
End-to-end Active Testing and Monitoring 2.1
The End-to-end Active Testing and Monitoring method deploys one or more stationary test
rigs in the roaming destination. Each test rig contains one or more active Radio Frequency
(RF) probes programmed to emulate subscriber behavior. Test calls are generated on the
visited or on the home network using test SIM cards.
The active test probes typically support automated scheduled testing for on-going roaming
service quality monitoring, as well as real-time testing for troubleshooting. An IP network is
used to remotely control the probes and receive test results from the test rig. The test rigs
often incorporate SIM multiplexing to centrally manage SIM resources and dynamically
assign them to the active test probes.
Drive Testing and Monitoring
2.2
The Drive Testing and Monitoring method is similar to the End-to-end Active Testing and
Monitoring method with the exception that the active probes are installed in vehicles (for
example taxis or buses).
Given that monitoring is performed in different locations and potentially from a moving
location, this method will give different results than stationary test rigs.
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As Drive Testing and Monitoring was not included in the GRQ trial, no test conditions nor
comparison factors could be included in this document. Once we have the framework ready
and working for End-to-end active testing, we will further look into this mobile variant.
Passive Monitoring
2.3
Passive Monitoring method uses non-intrusive high-impedance Signaling System number 7
(SS7) signaling probes to record selected protocol messages for further analysis for
example with an SS7 data analysis and reporting tool.
It is noted that some Signal Transfer Points (STP)s enable the replication of signaling
messages. They can send the replicates towards a network monitoring application. Such
approach is also considered as a “passive monitoring” method.
The SS7 data analysis provides a real-time view of the network and service performance
experienced by the roamers.
It is important to note that only monitoring of basic and mandatory protocols for GSM/GPRS
roaming services have been considered, that is Mobile Application Part (MAP), Integrated
Services Digital Network User Part (ISUP).
Similarly, Passive Monitoring may be applied on the IP traffic for monitoring the GPRS
Tunneling Protocol (GTP) flows, as required for evaluating the QoS of the PS-domain. The
approach taken may consist of implementing high-impedance probes or to apply a port
mirroring on a network switch. In the later case, it forces the switch to send a copy of all
network packets seen on one switch port (or an entire Virtual LAN (VLAN)) to a network
monitoring connection on another switch port. This is commonly used for network
appliances that require monitoring of network traffic.
CAMEL is the embodiment of the Intelligent Networks (IN) concept for mobile networks.
CAMEL is bilaterally and specifically enabled across networks by roaming partners. It is
supported by the CAP protocol.
In this document, CAMEL Monitoring refers to passive probes monitoring CAP signaling.
This monitoring brings additional visibility on the activity of the roamer, so it is described
separately from passive Monitoring, in a specific section – see below.
CAMEL Monitoring
2.4
The Customized Applications for Mobile networks Enhanced Logic (CAMEL) Monitoring
method uses a similar set up to SS7 Monitoring, whereby non-intrusive CAMEL signaling
probes record selected protocol messages for further analysis and reporting.
Once a CAMEL relationship is established between a HPMN and a VPMN, an exchange of
CAMEL Application Part (CAP) protocol messages takes places when customers are
accessing different roaming services. This enables both the HPMN and the VPMN to
monitor roaming QoS using passive signaling probes (subject to appropriate protocol stack
library for decoding messages).
The CAMEL Phase enabled between the roaming partners will determine the scope of
parameters available for GRQ monitoring:
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Phase 1: Applies to Mobile Originated (MO) and Mobile Terminated (MT) (at
Gateway mobile switching center (GMSC)) calls related activities.
Phase 2: Phase 1 plus Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) control,
call duration, and so on.
Phase 3: Phase 1 and Phase 2 plus control of dialed services (actual number
dialed), mobility events, GPRS session and SMS-MO.
Phase 4: All of the above plus IMS control and SMS-MT.
Most operators with CAMEL-enabled limit its support to CAMEL Phase 2.
The CAMEL Monitoring was not tested in the trial due to lack of CAMEL agreements
between the participating operators and the CAMEL/CAP monitoring modules being inactive
at the trial participants. However, due to widespread use of CAMEL for critical services (pre-
paid roaming, VPN, and so on.), it was decided to include CAMEL Monitoring in this
document. It is recommended that operators check the results from the calibration process
if the CAMEL Monitoring method is to be used with GRQ.
Use smartphone for QoS test 2.5
Smartphones can be used either as a stand-alone test platform, or as a front-end of a host
based active test system, for the execution of Quality of Service measurements [3].
Smartphone as a mobile device is based on an operating system which can be
programmatically controlled via a programming interface, in combination with the possibility
to run applications (Apps) at user level. The result is visible to the user.
The smartphones is capable of a parallel usage of different services. The multi-service
testing describes a complex test scenario where at least two services are used in parallel.
This situation has to be considered when QoS measurements and test result being closer to
user experiences.
User agents acting as applications can be installed in the phone or on the SIM cards. These
user agents are used to get a full End-to-End QoS view, from the user perspective.
This monitoring method can be used in both active and passive mode. In active mode the
test is launched “on request” (mainly for troubleshooting); while in passive mode no
dedicated test is run, but the applications send on-usage statistics. This method would be
mainly used for user experience monitoring and complaints troubleshooting.
Similar KPIs to the ones used in the scope of GRQ framework are applied by aggregating
individual customer data at network level. The KPI values obtained can be very different
from the ones using other test methods described in the present document and highly
dependent on the number of customers monitored, static versus moving tests, radio
coverage of the VPLMN, and so on. If the number of customers is high enough, so that the
measured KPIs will give the most accurate view of roaming experience in real life scenarios.
On the other hand, a good diagnostic/analyse process of the results is required as the KPIs
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measured by a single subscriber (for example, having a coverage issue) may influence very
much the entire quality evaluation.
DIAMETER and GTP-C / -U Monitoring
2.6
A general description for DIAMETER and GTP monitoring to be added in this section
Overview of Roaming QoS Parameters
3This section gives an overview of the basic parameters that enable monitoring of roaming
quality of services end-to-end under the GRQ framework. These parameters were selected
on the basis that they cover the five QoS aspects defined in PRD IR42, and represents the
customer experience.
The five QoS aspects are:
1. Network Accessibility: Probability that the user performs a successful registration
on the PLMN. The customer is registering to the network (either the circuit switched
network for voice or the packet switched network for data). (For Global Roaming
QoS monitoring, it is assumed that the network is available where the customer is
located.). Some of these parameters can be natively monitored by a roaming
Hubbing Provider
2. Service Accessibility: If a customer wants to use a service, the network operator
will provide access to the service as quickly as possible. (The end-to-end bearer
connection is provided to the customer. For voice services, the customer hears the
ring tone; for data services, the end-to-end packet data protocol (PDP) context is
activated; for SMS, the connection is established between the end-user terminal and
the Short Message Service Centre (SMSC).)
3. Connection Establishment: For voice services, this describes the call setup end-to-
end (even in case of call forward to voicemail). For data services, this describes the
connection establishment for MultiMedia Service (MMS) or accesses to a Wireless
Application Protocol (WAP) portal or web server and so on.
4. Service Retain-ability: Service Retain-ability describes the termination of services
(in accordance with or against the will of the user), for example the customer
terminates his voice call or data connection without cut-off.
5. Connection Quality: This describes the Quality of Service during service use. The
connection is not impaired by quality problems, such as speech quality for voice or
data rate for data services.
For Packet Switched services, there are two approaches measuring QoS.
1. Bearer level measures are included, as most data services are delivered using the HPMN’s infrastructure and the VPMN’s data bearer (that is ‘bit pipe’). This approach has been used to measure GPRS / UMTS data QoS.
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2. QoS measurement are performed at the specific services level (for example HTTP / HTTPS, as well as data capacity test). This approach can result more closely to the user experience, therefore, is mandatorily applied to the LTE data QoS measurement and can be optionally adopted for the GPRS / UMTS data QoS measurement.
The GRQ framework may further consider class-based QoS monitoring (cf. IP Exchange
(IPX) QoS) in the future to reflect end-user applications more closely.
Voice QoS Parameters
3.1 CS voice QoS parameters
3.1.1
QoS Aspects QoS Parameters
1. Network Accessibility (customer being able to
register on the network)
1. Circuit Switched LU success rate (*)
2. Circuit Switched LU delay (*)
2. Service accessibility (from customer hitting
the send button until hearing a ring tone)
3. NER-MO or SAT-MO (success ratio)
4. NER-MT or SAT-MT (success ratio)
5. PDD-MO or STT-MO (duration)
6. PDD-MT or STT-MT (duration)
3. Connection establishment (from customer
hitting the send button until a successful
establishment of the call)
7. CSSR-MO (success ratio)
8. CSSR-MT (success ratio)
9. REL (ISUPv2)
10. OCN and RDN (ISUPv2)
4. Connection retain-ability (from a successful
establishment of the call until service is
terminated)
11. CCR (success ratio)
12. ALOC (duration)1
5. Connection quality 13.CLI transparency
14.SpQ (Speech Quality)
(*) Natively supported by roaming Hubbing Providers; other parameters may be supported
through CAMEL.
1 Not relevant for a roaming QoS SLA.
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Voice CSFB QoS parameters
3.1.2
CSFB denotes CS fallback. This session contains the KPIs for the voice CS fallback.
QoS Aspects QoS Parameters
LTE network accessibility
101. PS location update success ratio
102. PS location update delay
103. CSFB return to LTE success ratio
104. CSFB return to LTE time
CS voice accessibility
3. NER-MO or SAT-MO (success ratio)
4. NER-MT or SAT-MT (success ratio)
5. PDD-MO or STT-MO (setup time)
6. PDD-MT or STT-MT (setup time)
Note 1: A combined EPS + IMSI attach is applied to QoS parameters 101 and 102.
Note 2: CSFB QoS parameters 103 and 104 are (2G / 3G) technology-dependent.
Note 3: After a successful CSFB, the CS voice QoS parameters are applied.
PS voice QoS parameters 3.1.3
Editor note: this section is a placeholder for VoLTE
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SMS QoS Parameters
3.2
QoS Aspects QoS Parameters
1. Network Accessibility (customer being able
to register on the network)
No QoS Parameter (as not SMS specific)
QoS parameters 101 and 102 are applied to
SMSoSGs
2. Service accessibility (MO)
21. Service Accessibility for SMS-MO (*)
22. Service Accessibility for SMS-MT (*)
23. Access Delay for SMS-MO (*)
24. Access Delay for SMS-MT (*)
3. Connection establishment (from customer
hitting the send button until a successful
delivery of the SMS)
25. End-to-End Delivery Time for SMS-MO(*)1
26. End-to-End Delivery Time for SMS-MT(*)1
4. Connection retain-ability (from a successful
establishment of the service until service is
terminated)
No QoS Parameter (Store and Forward
Mechanism)
5. Connection quality No QoS Parameter (Store and Forward
Mechanism)
(*) Natively supported by a roaming Hubbing Provider only in the case where the SMS
traffic is controlled by the roaming HUB.
SMS over SGs applies the same QoS parameters for SMS.
Data QoS Parameters
3.3
GPRS / UMTS data QoS parameters
3.3.1
GRQ monitoring involves testing of MMS, WAP and internet, all with their specific Access
Point Name (APN)s.
QoS Aspects QoS Parameters
1. Network Accessibility (customer being able
to register on the network)
31. Packet Switched Location Update success rate
(*)
32. Packet Switched Location Update Delay (*)
2. Service accessibility (from customer hitting
the send / connection button until accessing
the data bearer)
33. PDP Context Activation success rate
34. PDP Context Activation time
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3. Connection establishment (from customer
hitting the send button until a successful
establishment of the service)
No QoS Parameter defined (service specific
parameters may be defined in the future).
4. Connection retain ability (from a successful
establishment of the service until service is
terminated)
35. PDP Context Cut-Off Ratio
36. PDP Context Average Session Time1.
5. Connection quality
37. Throughput (Kbit/sec) 2
38. Goodput (Kbit/sec)
39. Roundtrip time (expressed in milliseconds) 3
40. Packet loss4
(*) Natively supported by a roaming Hubbing Provider; other parameters may be supported
through CAMEL.
Various opinions exist5 on how to measure throughput/goodput. It is acknowledged that the
application used for measuring these parameters may even influence the measure itself.
Therefore it is recommended that the calibration process at the initial stage of the
implementation of a GRQ framework between two operators scrutinizes these measures.
For the sake of clarity, it is noted that active probes may measure roundtrip and packet loss
in different ways for example based on the PING application or based on analysis of TCP
packet processing. It is also acknowledged that PING is not always trusted by IP experts for
achieving accurate measure for the real customer experience. Indeed, PING is part of
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) while the data transfer is done in User Datagram
Protocol (UDP) or Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). Therefore, it is recommended that
both operators involved in the GRQ measurements agree on the chosen method and
perform calibration tests.
A high-level definition of throughput is the ratio between the global data volume by unit of
time; goodput is the ratio between the useful data volume by unit of time.
LTE data QoS parameters
3.3.2
2 Because a ‘bearer level’ approach adopted for the data services QoS monitoring, these parameters
have to be measured at the ‘bit pipe’ level and not at the User Application level (for example HTTP). 3 See ‘Delay’ in section 8 of PRD IR.34 ‘Inter-Service Provider IP Backbone Guidelines’.
4 See ‘Packet Loss Rate’ in section 8 of PRD IR.34 ‘Inter-Service Provider IP Backbone Guidelines’
5 See RFC 5166 Metrics for the Evaluation of Congestion Control Mechanisms
(http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5166)
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QoS Aspects QoS Parameters
LTE network accessibility 101. PS location update success ratio
102. PS location update delay
LTE data service accessibility 105. Default EPS bearer context activation success ratio
106. Default EPS bearer context activation time
LTE data service establishment 107. DNS host name resolution success ratio
108. DNS host name resolution time
LTE data service retainability 109. Default EPS bearer context cut-off ratio
FTP service quality 131. FTP {download | upload} IP service access success ratio
132. FTP {download | upload} IP service setup time
133. FTP {download | upload} session success ratio
134. FTP {download | upload} session time
135. FTP {download | upload} mean data rate
136. FTP {download | upload} data transfer success ratio
137. FTP {download | upload} data capacity
HTTP / HTTPS WEB browsing
service quality
141. HTTP / HTTPS IP service access success ratio
142. HTTP / HTTPS IP service setup time
143. HTTP / HTTPS session success ratio
144. HTTP / HTTPS session time
145. HTTP / HTTPS mean data rate
146. HTTP / HTTPS data transfer success ratio
147. HTTP / HTTPS content compression ratio
148. HTTP / HTTPS {download | upload} data capacity
PING service quality 151. PING packet loss ratio
152. PING round trip time
Note 1: An EPS attach is applied to QoS parameters 101 and 102
Note 2: The KPI 107, 108, 131-137, 141-148, 151, 152 can also be applied as the GPRS / UMTS
data QoS parameters to the data quality test. If it is the case, these KPI replace KPI 37 – 40.
IPX QoS Monitoring
3.4
Roaming interconnection is an integral part of roaming services. A new interconnection
framework for IP (PRD IR.34) also provides for network level QoS monitoring of IP traffic
between mobile operators and interconnection providers. Where IPX interconnections
replace GRX interconnections, it may be possible to utilise packet switched QoS
parameters from the IPX QoS Monitoring scheme with the GRQ Framework in the future.
QoS Parameter-Method Grid
4
The following tables summarize the feasibility of each test method against each QoS
parameter when measured by the HPMN or the VPMN.
The objective of the table is to identify whether a network acting as HPMN or as VPMN is
able to measure a parameter. Parameters are measured independently (that is there is no
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coordination needed between the 2 roaming partners) and results are aggregated over the
agreed monitoring period.
Drive Testing and Monitoring was not evaluated for this version.
Each GRQ test is referenced by a GRQ Test Code. For example, ‘21BH’ refers to test
parameter 21 (Service Accessibility SMS MO) measured by the HPMN using the SS7
Monitoring method.
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Circuit Switched
4.1
Monitoring by Roaming Hubbing Provider (R)
Monitoring by HPMN (H) Monitoring by VPMN (V)
Methods: End-to-end Active
Testing and Monitoring
SS7 Monitoring
CAMEL Monitoring
(CS11)
End-to-end Active
Testing and Monitoring
SS7 Monitoring
CAMEL Monitoring
End-to-end Active Testing
and Monitoring
SS7 Monitoring
CAMEL Monitorin
g
QoS Parameter
GRQ Test Code
A B C A B C A B C
Circuit Switched LU Success
Rate
(CS LU – SR)
1 N
Not applicable Y (CS2)
N
Not applicable
Y Y (CS2)
N
Not applicable
Y Y
N.
Not applicable
Circuit Switched Location Update
Delay 2
N
Not applicable Y (CS3)
N
Not applicable
Y (CS1) Y (CS3)
N
Not applicable
Y (CS1) Y
N
Not applicable
Service Accessibility Telephony –
MO (SA-T-MO)
3
N
Not applicable
N
Not applicable
Y (CS10) Y N (CS4) Y (CS10) Y Y Y (CS11)
Service Accessibility
Telephony – MT
(SA-T-MT)
4
N
Not applicable
N
Not applicable
N Y Y Y Y Y Y (CS11)
Setup Time Telephony –
MO (ST-T-MO) 5
N
Not applicable
N
Not applicable
Y (CS10) Y N (CS5) Y (CS10) Y Y Y (CS11)
Setup Time Telephony – MT
(ST-T-MT) 6
N
Not applicable
N
Not applicable
N Y Y Y (CS11) Y Y Y (CS10)
Call Setup Success Ratio
(CSSR – MO)
7
N
Not applicable
N
Not applicable
Y (CS10)
Y N (CS5) Y Y Y (CS6) Y (CS11)
Call Setup Success Ratio
(CSSR – MT)
8
N
Not applicable
N
Not applicable
N
Y Y (CS6) Y (CS11) Y Y Y
ISUP signalling transparency
(REL)
9
N
Not applicable
N
Not applicable
N
Y (CS20) N (CS7)
Y (CS12) Y (CS20) N (CS15)
N (CS18,CS
20)
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Official Document IR.81
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ISUPv2 signalling
transparency
(OCN and RDN)
10
N
Not applicable
N
Not applicable
N
N N (CS8)
Y.(CS10),(C
S13) N N (CS16)
N (CS18, CS20)
Call Completion Rate Circuit
Switched Telephony
(CCR-CS-T)
11
N
Not applicable
N
Not applicable
Y (CS12)
Y N (CS5) Y Y Y Y (CS11)
Average Length of a Call
(ALOC)
12
N
Not applicable
N
Not applicable
Y (CS12, CS19) N N (CS4) Y N Y Y (CS19)
CLI Transparency
13
N
Not applicable
N
Not applicable
N
Not applicable
Y N (CS4) Y (CS10,
CS13) Y N (CS17) N (CS18)
Speech Quality (SpQ)
14
N
Not applicable
N
Not applicable
N
Not applicable
Y N (CS9) N (CS14) Y N (CS11) N (CS18)
Table 1: Circuit Switched Test Parameters
Remarks:
(CS1) The measurement might vary depending on the handset integrated in the
active probe.
(CS2) It is assumed that the Location Update (LU) success rate is visible in the MAP
signalling and can be monitored. In other words, it is assumed that the data-fill of the
VLR is correct. The failures only happen at the HLR level and Steering of Roaming
(SoR)-induced errors are filtered out.
(CS3) Only for successful LU’s and the measured duration is not the same as in
VPMN
(CS4) HPMN does not know when a call fails.
(CS5) HPMN does not know when a call starts.
(CS6) It is assumed that there is no cross talk.
(CS7) HPMN cannot know which kind of release has been used.
(CS8) HPMN cannot know which network was used for the call forwarding.
(CS9) The method is non-intrusive.
(CS10) It is assumed CAMEL works properly and the appropriate CAMEL
capabilities are implemented/available.
(CS11) Always in combination with a SS7 monitoring system
(CS12) It is assumed the correct CAMEL parameters have been loaded for this call
(that is BCSM Event Reports are in use).
(CS13) Only in case of Home Routing.
(CS14) CAMEL cannot measure voice quality.
(CS15) The VPMN cannot know which release the B-party receives
(CS16) The VPMN cannot know the OCN and RDN at the end of the call.
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Official Document IR.81
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(CS17) The VPMN cannot know the CLI of the B-Party
(CS18) The SCP is at the HPMN side
(CS19) Need to take into account the customer profile. Best to use only if HPMN
customers are all CAMEL enabled.
(CS20) The measurements are done on an interface (Um/Uu) or a protocol field
(CAMEL), which is directly linked to what is observed on the ISUP interface.
Monitoring by
Roaming Hubbing
Provider (R)
Monitoring by HPMN (H) Monitoring by VPMN (V)
Meth
ods:
End-
to-end
Active
Testin
g and
Monit
oring
SS7
Mon
itori
ng
CA
ME
L
Mon
itori
ng
End-to-
end
Active
Testing
and
Monitori
ng
SS7
Monitori
ng
CAMEL
Monitori
ng
End-to-end
Active
Testing
and
Monitoring
SS7
Monitori
ng
CAMEL
Monitoring
QoS
Parameter
GRQ Test Code
A B C A B C A B C
Service Accessibili
ty SMS MO
(SA SMS MO)
21
N
Not applicab
le
N(SM1)
N (SM1
) Y N (SM1) Y Y Y Y (SM3)
Service Accessibili
ty SMS MT
(SA SMS MT)
22
N
Not applicab
le
N (SM1
)
N (SM1
) Y Y Y (SM3) Y N (SM1) N (SM1)
Access Delay
SMS MO (AD SMS-
MO)
23
N
Not applicab
le
N (SM2
) N Y N (SM2) Y Y Y Y (SM3)
Access Delay
SMS MT (AD SMS-
MT)
24
N
Not applicab
le
N (SM1
)
N (SM1
) Y Y Y (SM3) Y N (SM1) N (SM1)
End-to-End
Delivery Time for SMS-MO
25
N
Not applicab
le
N (SM4
) N Y (SM5) Y (SM5) Y (SM3) Y N (SM4) N (SM4)
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Official Document IR.81
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SMS
4.2Table 2: SMS Test Parameters
Remarks:
(SM1) Failed attempts will be missing
(SM2) Actual Start time will be missing
(SM3) Measurement may be based on standard SS7 procedure (MAP)
(SM4) There is no knowledge beforehand to identify where the receiving side stands.
(SM5) SM-MO from a roamer in a VPMN to a subscriber in the HPMN. Note a
delivery time can only measure for complete and successful transactions.
(SM6) SM-MT from a subscriber in the HPMN to the a roamer in the VPMN
(SM7) There is no knowledge to identify when the message is sent from the HPMN.
Packet Switched GPRS/UMTS 4.3
The HPMN decides which APNs are used for monitoring. For example, if there are 3 APN’s
for WEB, WAP and MMS, and they are specified in the IR.21, these may be used for
measuring QoS for data. They may be specified in the “GPRS information - List of APN’s
available for testing and troubleshooting” section.
End-to-End
Delivery Time for SMS-MT
26
N
Not applicab
le
N (SM7
)
N
Y (SM6) Y (SM6) Y (SM3) Y N (SM7) N (SM7)
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Monitoring by Roaming Hubbing
Provider (R)
Monitoring by HPMN (H) Monitoring by VPMN (V)
Methods:
End-to-end Active
Testing and Monitoring
SS7 Monitoring
CAMEL
Monitoring (PS13)
End-to-end
Active Testing
and Monitori
ng
SS7 Monitori
ng
CAMEL Monitori
ng
End-to-end Active
Testing and
Monitoring
SS7 Monitorin
g
CAMEL Monitorin
g
QoS
Parameter
GR
Q
Test
Cod
e
A B C A B C A B C
Packet
Switched LU
Success
Rate
(PS LU –
SR)
31 N/A
Y
(PS2
)
N/A Y
Y (PS2)
N/A Y
Y (PS2)
N/A
Packet
Switched
Location
Update
Delay (PS
LU – D)
32 N/A Y N/A Y (PS1) Y
N/A Y (PS1) Y N/A
Service
accessibility
for PSD
(PDP-
context
activation
success
rate)
33 N/A N/A
Y
(PS8
)
Y Y (PS3) Y (PS8) Y Y Y (PS13)
Set-up Delay
(ST PSD) 34 N/A N/A Y Y Y (PS4) Y Y Y Y (PS13)
PDP Context
Cut-Off Ratio 35 N/A N/A Y Y N (PS5) Y Y N (PS5) Y (PS13)
Average
PDP Context
Session
Time (per
APN)
36 N/A N/A Y N Y Y N Y Y (PS13)
Throughput
(Kbits/sec)
37 N/A N/A
Y
(PS9
,
PS1
5)
Y (PS6,
PS14) Y (PS15)
Y (PS9,
PS15) Y (PS14) Y (PS15)
Y (PS9, PS15)
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Table 3: Packet Switched Test Parameters
Remarks:
(PS1) The measurement might vary depending on the handset integrated in the
active probe.
(PS2) It is assumed that the LU success rate is visible in the MAP signalling and can
be monitored. In other words, it is assumed that the data-fill of the VLR is correct.
The failures only happen at the HLR level and SoR-induced errors are filtered out.
(PS3) If successful activation or failed in the Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)
level
(PS4) The time measurements will not be the same as in the VPMN.
(PS5) No release cause provided in the MAP_DELETE_PDP_CONTEXT.
(PS6) In order to limit the influence of the "internet" - not in control of the roaming
partners - on the bearer-level measurements, it is recommended that the
files/webpages accessed to measure the parameters are stored in a HPMN
equipment.
(PS7) Can be estimated at IP level (Gp interface).
(PS8) Requires CAMEL ph3 GPRS-CSI.
(PS9) Requires the CAMEL request (Charging Information).
(PS10) Only the number of bytes sent and received are available – no distinction for
retransmission.
(PS11) Only the number of bytes sent and received are available and some
timestamps. Not the roundtrip time.
(PS12) The packets loss information is not transmitted in the CAMEL information.
The CAMEL application may receive information about the volume transferred, but it
does not know what the expected size of the transfer is. Therefore it cannot estimate
the lost packets.
(PS13) In combination with SS7 methods.
(PS14) To make it relevant and cost effective, the default value proposed for
exchanged files in the case of active is 100KB.
Goodput
(Kbits/sec)
38 N/A N/A
N
(PS1
0)
Y (PS6,
PS14) Y (PS15) N (PS10) Y (PS14) Y (PS15) N (PS10)
Roundtrip
time
39 N/A N/A
N
(PS1
1)
Y (PS6,
PS14)
Y (PS7,
PS15) N (PS11) Y (PS14) Y (PS7,
PS15) N
Packet loss
40 N/A N/A
N
(PS1
2)
Y (PS6,
PS14)
Y (PS7,
PS15)) N (PS12) Y (PS14) Y (PS7,
PS15) N
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Official Document IR.81
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(PS15) Similarly, it proposed to track session for which minimum size is greater or
equal to 100KB.
Voice CSFB
4.4The CSFB feature is enabled in VPMN [4] [5] [6] [7].
Monitoring by Roaming Hubbing provider (R)
Monitoring by HPMN (H) Monitoring by VPMN (V)
Test method
e2e active test
Diameter monitorin
g
GTP-C monitorin
g
SS7 monitorin
g
e2e active test
Diameter monitorin
g
GTP-C monitorin
g
SS7 monitorin
g
e2e active test
Diameter monitoring
GTP-C monitoring
SS7 monitorin
g
KPI GRQ test code
A D G B A D G B A D G B
PS location update success ratio
101 N Y Y6
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
PS location update delay
102 N Y Y6
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
CSFB return to LTE success ratio
103 N N N N Y N N N Y N N N
CSFB return to LTE time
104 N N N N Y N N N Y N N N
Monitoring by Roaming Hubbing Provider (R)
Monitoring by HPMN (H) Monitoring by VPMN (V)
Test method
e2e active test
SS7 monitorin
g
CAMEL monitorin
g
e2e active test
SS7 monitorin
g
CAMEL monitorin
g
e2e active test
SS7 monitorin
g
CAMEL monitorin
g
KPI GRQ test code
A B C A B C A B C
Service Accessibility Telephony – MO
3 N N Y Y N Y Y Y Y
Service
Accessibilit
y
Telephony
– MT
4 N N N Y Y Y Y Y Y
Setup Time Telephony – MO
5 N N Y Y N Y Y Y Y
Setup Time Telephony – MT
6 N N N Y Y Y Y Y Y
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Official Document IR.81
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SMSoSGs
4.5
SMSoSGs allows to deliver SMS services over EPS NAS signalling without GERAN or
UTRAN deployment [4] [5] [6] [7].
Monitoring by Roaming
Hubbing Provider (R)
Monitoring by HPMN (H) Monitoring by VPMN (V)
Test
metho
d
e2e
acti
ve
test
Diamet
er
monito
ring
GTP-C
monito
ring
SS7
monito
ring
e2e
activ
e test
Diamet
er
monito
ring
GTP-C
monito
ring
SS7
monito
ring
e2e
activ
e test
Diamete
r
monitori
ng
GTP-C
monitori
ng
SS7
monito
ring
KPI GRQ
test
code
A D G B A D G B A D G B
PS
location
update
success
ratio
101 N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
PS
location
update
delay
102 N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
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Official Document IR.81
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Monitoring by Roaming Hubbing
Provider (R)
Monitoring by HPMN (H)
Monitoring by VPMN (V)
Test method
e2e active
test
SS7 monito
ring
CAMEL
monitoring
e2e active
test
SS7 monitoring
CAMEL
monitoring
e2e active
test
SS7 monitoring
CAMEL
monitoring
KPI GRQ test cod
e
A D B A D B A D B
Service
Accessi
bility
SMS
MO
21 N N N Y N Y Y Y Y
Service
Accessi
bility
SMS
MT
22 N N N Y Y Y Y N N
Access
Delay
SMS
MO
23 N N N Y N Y Y Y Y
Access
Delay
SMS
MT
24 N N N Y Y Y Y N N
End-to-
End
Deliver
y Time
for
SMS-
MO
25 N N N Y Y Y Y N N
End-to-
End
Deliver
y Time
for
SMS-
MT
26 N N N Y Y Y Y N N
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Packet Switched – LTE [5] [6] [7] [8]
4.6
Monitoring by Roaming Hubbing
Provider (R)
Monitoring by HPMN (H)
Monitoring by VPMN (V)
Test method
e2e active
test
Diameter
monitoring
GTP-C / U
monitoring
e2e active
test
Diameter
monitoring
GTP-C / U
monitoring
e2e active
test
Diameter
monitoring
GTP-C / U
monitoring
KPI GRQ test cod
e
A D G A D G A D G
PS
location
update
succes
s ratio
101 N Y N Y Y N Y Y N
PS
location
update
delay
102 N Y N Y Y N Y Y N
Default
EPS
bearer
context
activati
on
succes
s ratio
105 N Y Y6
Y Y Y Y Y Y
Default
EPS
bearer
context
activati
on time
106 N Y Y6
Y Y Y Y Y Y
DNS
host
name
resoluti
on
succes
s ratio
107 N N Y N Y N
DNS
host
name
resoluti
108 N N Y N Y N
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Official Document IR.81
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on time
Default
EPS
bearer
context
cut-off
ratio
109 N N Y N Y N
FTP
{downlo
ad |
upload}
IP
service
access
succes
s ratio
131 N N Y N Y N
FTP
{downlo
ad |
upload}
IP
service
setup
time
132 N N Y N Y N
FTP
{downlo
ad |
upload}
session
succes
s ratio
133 N N Y N Y N
FTP
{downlo
ad |
upload}
session
time
134 N N Y N Y N
FTP
{downlo
ad |
upload}
mean
data
rate
135 N N Y N Y N
FTP
{downlo
ad |
upload}
136 N N Y N Y N
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Official Document IR.81
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data
transfer
succes
s ratio
FTP
{downlo
ad |
upload}
data
capacit
y
137 N N Y N Y N
HTTP /
HTTPS
IP
service
access
succes
s ratio
141 N N Y N Y N
HTTP /
HTTPS
IP
service
setup
time
142 N N Y N Y N
HTTP /
HTTPS
session
succes
s ratio
143 N N Y N Y N
HTTP /
HTTPS
session
time
144 N N Y N Y N
HTTP /
HTTPS
mean
data
rate
145 N N Y N Y N
HTTP /
HTTPS
data
transfer
succes
s ratio
146 N N Y N Y N
HTTP /
HTTPS
content
compre
147 N N Y N Y N
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Official Document IR.81
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ssion
ratio
HTTP /
HTTPS
{downlo
ad |
upload}
data
capacit
y
148 N N Y N Y N
PING
packet
loss
ratio
151 N N Y N Y N
PING
round
trip time
152 N N Y N Y N
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Test Methodology
5
This section details the methodology for each of the monitoring methods included in the
GRQ Framework, and describes the general and specific conditions for all tests methods.
Each GRQ test is referenced by a GRQ Test Code. For example, ‘21BH’ refers to test
parameter 21 (Service Accessibility SMS MO) measured by the HPMN using the SS7
Monitoring method.
End-To-End Active Testing and Monitoring
5.1 General Information
5.1.1 When to measure:
5.1.1.1Minimum six (6) tests per day.
Recommended: one (1) test every two (2) hours from 8am to 8pm, one (1) test every four
(4) hours from 8pm to 8am.
Where to measure: 5.1.1.2
If Roaming Partner decides to publish its network topology, it is preferred that a limited
number of test probes are spread across various representative VPMN MSC areas.
Radio level recommended: RX Level > -80dbm.
However for some test cases, a RX Level > -70dbm is recommended in order to avoid any
roaming issue reporting, while the service is only affected by only transient conditions
(meteorological circumstances and so on)
Known Limitations
5.1.1.3
The testing is only performed at a limited number of locations. The measurement is limited
in terms of number of geographic locations in the network that can be tested. This limitation
has less influence when there are limited International Gateways used.
In case the PMN uses different core network vendors (MSC, Serving GPRS Support Node
(SGSN),and so on) and decides to publish it, it would be ideal to test the QoS delivery for
each network elements. It results it is recommended the active probe vendor to install one
(1) probe per MSC, SGSN vendor region. However, this requirement might be difficult to
achieve as the use of different vendors and the associated coverage is not public
information to active probe vendors. Furthermore it may lead to inefficient allocation of cost
for installing probes. Example: in a country with three (3) operators, each having two (2)
vendors, it might lead to the deployment up to four (4) probes in the worst case scenario.
GRQ Monitoring Pre-requisites
5.1.1.4
Steering of Roaming could influence some results: the cards used for testing will not be
subject to steering (Blacklisting at the HPMN)
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The receiving party is ready to receive SMS (no user errors like memory full, bad coverage,
and so on)
For GPRS data transfer performance, the operator has to provide a file located in its GPRS
network which can be transferred for the test. This file will be preferably on the GGSN in
order to reduce the risk of packet loss independent of the roaming between the operators.
Requirements of active test equipment
5.1.1.5
ETSI TS 102 250-4 [2] defines the minimum requirements of QoS test equipment for mobile
networks in the way that the values and trigger points needed to compute the QoS
parameter as specified in IR.42 [1] can be measured. Test equipment fulfilling the specified
minimum requirements will allow to perform the proposed measurements in a reliable and
reproducible way.
GSM/GPRS and UMTS Test Specification
5.1.2GRQ Test Code
Parameter How to Measure Test Specifics
CIRCUIT-SWITCHED
1AH LU update success rate Force a location update via the modem, if there is steering the end result has to be the last location update of maximum five (5) attempts.
1AV LU update success rate Force a location update via the modem, if there is steering the end result has to be the last location update of maximum 5 attempts.
2AH LU delay Force a location update via the modem, if there is steering the delay of the last location update has to be taken onto account. It is important that before starting the simcards is registered on a different LAC in order to have a full location update.
2AV LU delay Force a location update via the modem, if there is steering the delay of the last location update has to be taken onto account. It is important that before starting the simcards is registered on a different LAC in order to have a full location update.
3AH NER-MO (Network Effectiveness Ratio on Mobile Originated calls in the visited network)
Generate a call with from the probe located in the VPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN. The test is successful if the probe on the VPMN detects a ringing signal for the call he has generated.
3AV NER-MO (Network Generate a call with a simcard from
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GRQ Test Code
Parameter How to Measure Test Specifics
Effectiveness Ratio on Mobile Originated calls in the visited network)
the probe located in the VPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN. The test is successful if the probe on the VPMN detects a ringing signal for the call he has generated.
4AH NER-MT (Network Effectiveness Ratio on Mobile Terminated calls in the visited network)
Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN. The test is successful if the probe on the HPMN detects a ringing signal for the call he has generated.
4AV NER-MT (Network Effectiveness Ratio on Mobile Terminated calls in the visited network)
Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN. The test is successful if the probe on the HPMN detects a ringing signal for the call he has generated.
5AH PDD-MO (Post Dialling Delay)
Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN. The delay is the time between the point where the call has been initiated and the ringing has been detected on the VPMN.
5AV PDD-MO (Post Dialling Delay)
Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN. The delay is the time between the point where the call has been initiated and the ringing has been detected on the VPMN.
6AH PDD-MT (Post Dialling Delay)
Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN. The delay is the time between the point where the call has been initiated and the ringing has been detected on the HPMN.
6AV PDD-MT (Post Dialling Delay)
Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN. The delay is the time between the point where the call has been initiated and the ringing has been detected on the HPMN.
7AH CSSR-MO (Call Setup Success Ratio on Mobile Originated calls in the visited network)
Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN. The test is successful if the probe on the HPMN detects the ringing and picked up the call.
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GRQ Test Code
Parameter How to Measure Test Specifics
7AV CSSR-MO (Call Setup Success Ratio on Mobile Originated calls in the visited network)
Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN. The test is successful if the probe on the HPMN detects the ringing and picked up the call.
8AH CSSR-MT (Call Setup Success Ratio on Mobile Terminated calls in the visited network)
Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN. The test is successful if the probe on the VPMN detects the ringing and picked up the call.
8AV CSSR-MT (Call Setup Success Ratio on Mobile Terminated calls in the visited network)
Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN. The test is successful if the probe on the VPMN detects the ringing and picked up the call.
9AH REL (ISUPv2 signalling transparency)
Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN. At the end of the call, check if the release code is the same on both sides.
9AV REL (ISUPv2 signalling transparency)
Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN. At the end of the call, check if the release code is the same on both sides.
10AH OCN and RDN (ISUPv2 signalling transparency)
Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN. Forward this call to the HPMN and check if the OCN and RDN is correct.
10AV OCN and RDN (ISUPv2 signalling transparency)
Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN. Forward this call to the HPMN and check if the OCN and RDN is correct.
11AH CCR (Call Completion Rate Circuit )
Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN. Answer the calls and after a time hang up the call again. If the call has not been interrupted, the call is successful.
Recommended duration: 2 minutes.
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
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GRQ Test Code
Parameter How to Measure Test Specifics
11AV CCR (Call Completion Rate Circuit )
Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN. Answer the calls and after a time hang up the call again. If the call has not been interrupted, the call is successful.
Recommended duration: 2 minutes.
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
12AH ALOC N/A
12AV ALOC N/A
13AH CLI transparency Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN. Check at the HPMN if the CLI is in a dialable format to call back the A-party
13AV CLI transparency Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN. Check at the HPMN if the CLI is in a dialable format to call back the A-party
14AH SpQ (Speech Quality) Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN and answer the call. Uplink voice quality:play a standard file in the VPMN and record this file in the HPMN and calculate the voice quality. Downlink voice quality: play a standard file in the HPMN and record this file in the VPMN and calculate the voice quality. Recommended duration: 2 minutes. If the sample is played/analyzed multiple times, the end-result of the test is the average of the individual voice quality assessments. If the sample is played/analyzed multiple times, the end-result of the test is the average of the individual voice quality assessments.
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
14AV SpQ (Speech Quality) Generate a call with a simcard from the probe located in the VPMN to a simcard from the probe located in the HPMN and answer the call. Uplink voice quality:play a standard file in the VPMN and record this file in the HPMN and calculate the voice quality. Downlink voice quality: play a standard file in the HPMN and record
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
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GRQ Test Code
Parameter How to Measure Test Specifics
this file in the VPMN and calculate the voice quality.Recommended duration: 2 minutes. If the sample is played/analyzed multiple times, the end-result of the test is the average of the individual voice quality assessments.
SMS
21AH Service Accessibility SMS MO (SA SMS MO)
Send and SMS from a subscriber from the HPMN located on the VPLMN to a subscriber from the HPMN located in the HPMN using the HPMN SMSC, if the positive acknowledgement of the SMSC is received the tests is OK.
21AV Service Accessibility SMS MO (SA SMS MO)
Send and SMS from a subscriber from the HPMN located on the VPLMN to a subscriber from the HPMN located in the HPMN using the HPMN SMSC, if the positive acknowledgement of the SMSC is received the tests is OK.
22AH Service Accessibility SMS MT (SA SMS MT)
Send and SMS from a subscriber from the HPMN located on the HPMN to a subscriber from the HPMN located in the VPLMN using the HPMN SMSC, if the SMS is received the test is OK.
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
22AV Service Accessibility SMS MT (SA SMS MT)
Send and SMS from a subscriber from the HPMN located on the HPMN to a subscriber from the HPMN located in the VPLMN using the HPMN SMSC, if the SMS is received the test is OK.
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
23AH Access Delay SMS MO (AD SMS-MO)
Send and SMS from a subscriber from the HPMN located on the VPLMN to a subscriber from the HPMN located in the HPMN using the HPMN SMSC. Measure the time between sending the SMS and receiving the notification from the SMSC that the message has been sent.
23AV Access Delay SMS MO (AD SMS-MO)
Send and SMS from a subscriber from the HPMN located on the VPLMN to a subscriber from the HPMN located in the HPMN using the HPMN SMSC. Measure the time between sending the SMS and receiving the notification from the SMSC that the message has been sent.
24AH Access Delay SMS MT (AD SMS-MT)
Send an SMS from a subscriber from the HPMN located on the HPMN to a subscriber from the HPMN located in the VPLMN using the HPMN SMSC. Measure the time between the
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
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GRQ Test Code
Parameter How to Measure Test Specifics
notification from the SMSC that the message has been sent and the notification on the B-party that the message has arrived.
24AV Access Delay SMS MT (AD SMS-MT)
Send an SMS from a subscriber from the HPMN located on the HPMN to a subscriber from the HPMN located in the VPLMN using the HPMN SMSC. Measure the time between the notification from the SMSC that the message has been sent and the notification on the B-party that the message has arrived.
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
25AH End-to-End Delivery Time for SMS-MO
Send an SMS from a subscriber from the HPMN located on the VPLMN to a subscriber from the HPMN located in the HPMN using the HPMN SMSC. Measure the time between sending the SMS and receiving the notification on the B-party that the message has arrived.
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
25AV End-to-End Delivery Time for SMS-MO
Send an SMS from a subscriber from the HPMN located on the VPLMN to a subscriber from the HPMN located in the HPMN using the HPMN SMSC. Measure the time between sending the SMS and receiving the notification on the B-party that the message has arrived.
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
26AH End-to-End Delivery Time for SMS-MT
Send an SMS from a subscriber from the HPMN located on the HPMN to a subscriber from the HPMN located in the VPLMN using the HPMN SMSC. Measure the time between sending the SMS and receiving the notification on the B-party that the message has arrived.
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
26AV End-to-End Delivery Time for SMS-MT
Send an SMS from a subscriber from the HPMN located on the HPMN to a subscriber from the HPMN located in the VPLMN using the HPMN SMSC. Measure the time between sending the SMS and receiving the notification on the B-party that the message has arrived.
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
PACKET-SWITCHED
31AH Packet Switched LU Success Ratio (PS LU – SR)
Start manually a GPRS attach on the VPLMN, after the GSM location has been performed. If the GPRS attached is confirmed, the test is OK.
31AV Packet Switched LU Start manually a GPRS attach on the
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GRQ Test Code
Parameter How to Measure Test Specifics
Success Ratio (PS LU – SR)
VPLMN, after the GSM location has been performed. If the GPRS attached is confirmed, the test is OK.
32AH Packet Switched Location Update Delay (PS LU – D)
Start manually a GPRS attach on the VPLMN, after the GSM location has been performed. Measure the time between start and end of the GPRS attach.
32AV Packet Switched Location Update Delay (PS LU – D)
Start manually a GPRS attach on the VPLMN, after the GSM location has been performed. Measure the time between start and end of the GPRS attach.
33AH Service accessibility for PSD (PDP-context activation success rate)
Start the PDP context activation after the GPRS attach on the VPLMN. If the PDP context has been confirmed, the test is successful
33AV Service accessibility for PSD (PDP-context activation success rate)
Start the PDP context activation after the GPRS attach on the VPLMN. If the PDP context has been confirmed, the test is successful
34AH Set-up Delay (ST PSD) Start the PDP context activation after the GPRS attach on the VPLMN. Measure the time between the start and the acknowledgement of the PDP context activation.
34AV Set-up Delay (ST PSD) Start the PDP context activation after the GPRS attach on the VPLMN. Measure the time between the start and the acknowledgement of the PDP context activation.
35AH PDP Context Cut-Off Ratio (session Stability measured at PDP context or PS level)
Start a PDP context, keep it open during a certain time and close it again. If the session is still open the test is OK.
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
35AV PDP Context Cut-Off Ratio (session Stability measured at PDP context or PS level)
Start a PDP context, keep it open during a certain time and close it again. If the session is still open the test is OK.
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
36AH Average PDP Context Session Time (per APN)
N/A
36AV Average PDP Context Session Time (per APN)
N/A
37AH Throughput (Kbits/sec) Start downloading a reference file and measure the time from the start of the download till the end of file detection.
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
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GRQ Test Code
Parameter How to Measure Test Specifics
37AV Throughput (Kbits/sec) Start downloading a reference file and measure the time from the start of the download till the end of file detection.
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
38AH Goodput (Kbits/sec) Start downloading a reference file and measure the time from the start of the download till the end of file detection and count the used bytes
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
38AV Goodput (Kbits/sec) Start downloading a reference file and measure the time from the start of the download till the end of file detection and count the used bytes
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
39AH Roundtrip time Measure the time between sending and a TCP packet and receiving the acknowledgement of the pack.
39AV Roundtrip time Measure the time between sending and a TCP packet and receiving the acknowledgement of the pack.
40AH Packet loss Count the TCP packets sent and count the TCP packets received for a file transfer.
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
40AV Packet loss Count the TCP packets sent and count the TCP packets received for a file transfer.
Reasonable radio level required: RxLev > -70dbm.
Table 4: Test Procedures Table
LTE/EPC test specification 5.1.3
In order to ensure a reasonable test result, the radio power level from an LTE cell at the UE
Rx antenna requires to fulfil: RxLev > -85 dbm / 15kHz .
Voice CSFB
5.1.3.1
The CSFB feature is enabled at VPMN.
If the VPMN has implemented the voice CS fallback to GSM and to UMTS, the relevant KPI
for those radio technologies shall be separately measured.
H-party is a subscriber from the HPMN located in the HPMN.
R-party is a subscriber from the HPMN located in the VPMN and has the UE CSFB
capable.
GRQ Test Code
Parameter How to Measure Test specifics
101AH PS location update Configure the UE in CS/PS mode and initiate a
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success ratio combined location update (EPS/IMSI attach) in
VPMN. Observe whether the network type
indicator is LTE. If there is steering the end
result shall be the last location update of
maximum five (5) attempts.
101AV PS location update
success ratio
Configure the UE in CS/PS mode and initiate a
combined location update (EPS/IMSI attach) in
VPMN. Observe whether the network type
indicator is LTE. If there is steering the end
result shall be the last location update of
maximum five (5) attempts.
102AH PS location update
delay
Configure the UE in CS/PS mode and trigger a
combined location update (EPS/IMSI attach) in
VPMN. In order to ensure a full location update,
the USIM was registered on a different TAC and
LAC before testing. Measure the time between
the initiation of attach and LTE network type
indicated. If there is steering the delay of the last
location update is taken into account.
102AV PS location update
delay
Configure the UE in CS/PS mode and trigger a
combined location update (EPS/IMSI attach) in
VPMN. In order to ensure a full location update,
the USIM was registered on a different TAC and
LAC before testing. Measure the time between
the initiation of attach and LTE network type
indicated. If there is steering the delay of the last
location update is taken into account.
103AH CSFB return to LTE
success ratio
Configure the UE in CS/PS mode and select
LTE as preferable radio access technology.
Make a successful CS phone call in VPMN (with
or without CSFB) and release the call. Observe
whether the network type indicator on the UE
display switches to LTE.
GSM or UMTS
power level:
RxLev > -70dbm.
103AV CSFB return to LTE
success ratio
Configure the UE in CS/PS mode and select
LTE as preferable radio access technology.
Make a successful CS phone call in VPMN (with
or without CSFB) and release the call. Observe
whether the network type indicator on the UE
display switches to LTE.
GSM or UMTS
power level:
RxLev > -70dbm.
104AH CSFB return to LTE time Configure the UE in CS/PS mode and select
LTE as preferable radio access technology.
Make a successful CS phone call in VPMN (with
or without CSFB) and release the call. Measure
the time from the CS call release to the UE
returning to LTE.
GSM or UMTS
power level:
RxLev > -70dbm.
104AV CSFB return to LTE time Configure the UE in CS/PS mode and select
LTE as preferable radio access technology.
GSM or UMTS
power level:
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Make a successful CS phone call in VPMN (with
or without CSFB) and release the call. Measure
the time from the CS call release to the UE
returning to LTE.
RxLev > -70dbm.
3AH Service Accessibility
Telephony – MO
UE registered in VPMN and the network type
indicates LTE. R-party initiates a voice call to H-
party. Observe whether ALERTING message is
received at R-party and H-party rings.
GSM or UMTS
power level:
RxLev > -70dbm
3AV Service Accessibility
Telephony – MO
UE registered in VPMN and the network type
indicates LTE. R-party initiates a voice call to H-
party. Observe whether the ALERTING
message is received at R-party and H-party
rings.
GSM or UMTS
power level:
RxLev > -70dbm
4AH Service Accessibility
Telephony – MT
UE registered in VPMN and the network type
indicates LTE. H-party initiates a voice call to R-
party. Observe whether the ALERTING
message is received at H-party and R-party
rings.
GSM or UMTS
power level:
RxLev > -70dbm
4AV Service Accessibility
Telephony – MT
UE registered in VPMN and the network type
indicates LTE. H-party initiates a voice call to R-
party. Observe whether the ALERTING
message is received at H-party and R-party
rings.
GSM or UMTS
power level:
RxLev > -70dbm
5AH Setup Time Telephony –
MO
UE registered in VPMN and the network type
indicates LTE. R-party initiates a voice call to H-
party. Measure the time between the call
initiation at R-party and ALERTING received at
R-party.
GSM or UMTS
power level:
RxLev > -70dbm
5AV Setup Time Telephony –
MO
UE registered in VPMN and the network type
indicates LTE. R-party initiates a voice call to H-
party. Measure the time between the call
initiation at R-party and ALERTING received at
R-party.
GSM or UMTS
power level:
RxLev > -70dbm
6AH Setup Time Telephony –
MT
UE registered in VPMN and the network type
indicates LTE. H-party initiates a voice call to R-
party. Measure the time between the call
initiation at H-party and ALERTING sent at R-
party.
GSM or UMTS
power level:
RxLev > -70dbm
6AV Setup Time Telephony –
MT
UE registered in VPMN and the network type
indicates LTE. H-party initiates a voice call to R-
party. Measure the time between the call
initiation at H-party and ALERTING sent at R-
party.
GSM or UMTS
power level:
RxLev > -70dbm
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SMSoSGs
5.1.3.2
VPMN supports and enables SMSoSGs.
H-party is a subscriber from the HPMN located in the HPMN
R-party is a subscriber from the HPMN located in the VPMN
GRQ
Test
Code
Parameter How to Measure Test specifics
101AH PS location update
success ratio
Configure the UE in CS/PS mode and initiate a
combined location update (EPS/IMSI attach) in
VPMN. Observe whether the network type
indicator is LTE. If there is steering the end
result shall be the last location update of
maximum five (5) attempts.
101AV PS location update
success ratio
Configure the UE in CS/PS mode and initiate a
combined location update (EPS/IMSI attach) in
VPMN. Observe whether the network type
indicator is LTE. If there is steering the end
result shall be the last location update of
maximum five (5) attempts.
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102AH PS location update
delay
Configure the UE in CS/PS mode and initiate a
combined location update (EPS/IMSI attach) in
VPMN. In order to ensure a full location update,
the USIM was registered on a different TAC and
LAC before testing. Measure the time between
the initiation of attach and LTE network type
indicated. If there is steering the delay of the
last location update is taken into account.
102AV PS location update
delay
Configure the UE in CS/PS mode and initiate a
combined location update (EPS/IMSI attach) in
VPMN. In order to ensure a full location update,
the USIM was registered on a different TAC and
LAC before testing. Measure the time between
the initiation of attach and LTE network type
indicated. If there is steering the delay of the
last location update is taken into account.
21AH Service Accessibility
SMS MO (SA SMS MO)
Send an SMS from R-party to H-party, using the
HPMN SMSC, Observe if the positive
acknowledgement of the SMSC is received.
21AV Service Accessibility
SMS MO (SA SMS MO)
Send an SMS from R-party to H-party, using the
HPMN SMSC, Observe if the positive
acknowledgement of the SMSC is received.
22AH Service Accessibility
SMS MT (SA SMS MT)
Send an SMS from H-party to R-party, using the
HPMN SMSC. Observe if the positive
acknowledgement of the SMSC is received.
.
22AV Service Accessibility
SMS MT (SA SMS MT)
Send an SMS from H-party to R-party, using the
HPMN SMSC. Observe if the positive
acknowledgement of the SMSC is received.
23AH Access Delay SMS MO
(AD SMS-MO)
Send an SMS from R-party to H-party, using the
HPMN SMSC. Measure the time between
sending the SMS and receiving the notification
from the SMSC that the message has been
sent.
23AV Access Delay SMS MO
(AD SMS-MO)
Send an SMS from R-party to H-party, using the
HPMN SMSC. Measure the time between
sending the SMS and receiving the notification
from the SMSC that the message has been
sent.
24AH Access Delay SMS MT
(AD SMS-MT)
Send an SMS from H-party to R-party, using the
HPMN SMSC. Measure the time between the
notification from the SMSC that the message
has been sent and the notification at the R-party
indicates that the message has arrived.
24AV Access Delay SMS MT
(AD SMS-MT)
Send an SMS from H-party to R-party, using the
HPMN SMSC. Measure the time between the
notification from the SMSC that the message
has been sent and the notification at the R-party
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indicates that the message has arrived.
25AH End-to-End Delivery
Time for SMS-MO
Send an SMS from R-party to H-party, using the
HPMN SMSC. Measure the time between
sending the SMS and receiving the notification
at the H-party that the message has arrived.
25AV End-to-End Delivery
Time for SMS-MO
Send an SMS from R-party to H-party, using the
HPMN SMSC. Measure the time between
sending the SMS and receiving the notification
at the H-party that the message has arrived.
26AH End-to-End Delivery
Time for SMS-MT
Send an SMS from H-party to R-party, using the
HPMN SMSC. Measure the time between
sending the SMS and receiving the notification
on the R-party that the message has arrived.
26AV End-to-End Delivery
Time for SMS-MT
Send an SMS from H-party to R-party, using the
HPMN SMSC. Measure the time between
sending the SMS and receiving the notification
on the R-party that the message has arrived.
LTE Data 5.1.3.3
GRQ
Test
Code
Parameter How to Measure Test specifics
101AH PS location update
success ratio
Configure the UE in PS mode and initiate a
location update (EPS attach) in VPMN. Observe
whether the network type indicator is LTE. If
there is steering the end result shall be the last
location update of maximum five (5) attempts.
101AV PS location update
success ratio
Configure the UE in PS mode and initiate a
location update (EPS attach) in VPMN. Observe
whether the network type indicator is LTE. If
there is steering the end result shall be the last
location update of maximum five (5) attempts.
102AH PS location update
delay
Configure the UE in PS mode and initiate a
combined location update (EPS attach) in
VPMN. In order to ensure a full location update,
the USIM was registered on a different TAC
before testing. Measure the time between the
initiation of attach and LTE network type
indicated. If there is steering the delay of the
last location update is taken into account.
102AV PS location update
delay
Configure the UE in PS mode and initiate a
combined location update (EPS attach) in
VPMN. In order to ensure a full location update,
the USIM was registered on a different TAC
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before testing. Measure the time between the
initiation of attach and LTE network type
indicated. If there is steering the delay of the
last location update is taken into account.
105AH Default EPS bearer
context activation
success ratio
Configure the UE in PS mode and initiate a
location update (EPS attach) in VPMN. Observe
whether ACTIVATE DEFAULT EPS BEARER
CONTEXT REQUEST message is received by
the UE.
105AV Default EPS bearer
context activation
success ratio
Configure the UE in PS mode and initiate a
location update (EPS attach) in VPMN. Observe
whether ACTIVATE DEFAULT EPS BEARER
CONTEXT REQUEST message is received by
the UE.
106AH Default EPS bearer
context activation time
Trigger an EPS attach at UE and measure the
time between UE sending attach request and
attach complete
106AV Default EPS bearer
context activation time
Trigger an EPS attach at UE and measure the
time between UE sending attach request and
attach complete
107AH DNS host name
resolution success ratio
From VPMN request a DNS server to resolve a
host name in HPMN and observe whether the
host address is resolved successfully.
107AV DNS host name
resolution success ratio
From VPMN request a DNS server to resolve a
host name in HPMN and observe whether the
host address is resolved successfully.
108AH DNS host name
resolution time
From VPMN request a DNS server to resolve a
host name in HPMN and measure the time to
perform the host name and address translation.
108AV DNS host name
resolution time
From VPMN request a DNS server to resolve a
host name in HPMN and measure the time to
perform the host name and address translation.
109AH Default EPS bearer
context cut-off ratio
Observe whether the UE in VPMN is detached
by the network initiation after each LTE attach or
after each LTE application usage (voice CSFB,
HTTP/HTTPS, FTP or PING).
109AV Default EPS bearer
context cut-off ratio
Observe whether the UE in VPMN is detached
by the network initiation after each LTE attach or
after each LTE application usage (voice CSFB,
HTTP/HTTPS, FTP or PING).
131AH FTP {download | upload}
IP service access
success ratio
Initiate in VPMN to download / upload an FTP
file from / to an FTP server. Observe whether
the file contents downloading / uploading starts.
131AV FTP {download | upload}
IP service access
success ratio
Initiate in VPMN to download / upload an FTP
file from / to an FTP server. Observe whether
the file contents downloading / uploading starts.
132AH FTP {download | upload} Initiate in VPMN to download / upload an FTP
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IP service setup time file from / to an FTP server. Measure the time
between the initiation and the start of the file
contents downloading / uploading.
132AV FTP {download | upload}
IP service setup time
Initiate in VPMN to download / upload an FTP
file from / to an FTP server. Measure the time
between the initiation and the start of the file
contents downloading / uploading.
133AH FTP {download | upload}
session success ratio
Initiate in VPMN to download / upload an FTP
file from / to an FTP server. Observe whether
the complete file is downloaded / uploaded.
133AV FTP {download | upload}
session success ratio
Initiate in VPMN to download / upload an FTP
file from / to an FTP server. Observe whether
the complete file is downloaded / uploaded.
134AH FTP {download | upload}
session time
Initiate in VPMN to download / upload an FTP
file from / to an FTP server. Measure the time
between the initiation and the complete file
contents downloaded / uploaded.
134AH FTP {download | upload}
session time
Initiate in VPMN to download / upload an FTP
file from / to an FTP server. Measure the time
between the initiation and the complete file
contents downloaded / uploaded.
135AH FTP {download | upload}
mean data rate
Initiate in VPMN to download / upload an FTP
file from / to an FTP server. Measure the time
between the first data packet received / sent
containing the file contents and the last data
packet received / sent containing the file
contents.
135AV FTP {download | upload}
mean data rate
Initiate in VPMN to download / upload an FTP
file from / to an FTP server. Measure the time
between the first data packet received / sent
containing the file contents and the last data
packet received / sent containing the file
contents.
136AH FTP {download | upload}
data transfer success
ratio
Initiate in VPMN to download / upload an FTP
file from / to an FTP server. Observe whether all
data packets containing the file contents (from
the first one to the last one) are successfully
received / sent.
136AV FTP {download | upload}
data transfer success
ratio
Initiate in VPMN to download / upload an FTP
file from / to an FTP server. Observe whether all
data packets containing the file contents (from
the first one to the last one) are successfully
received / sent.
137AH FTP {download | upload}
data capacity
Initiate in VPMN multiple TCP/IP connections to
download / upload one or multiple FTP files from
/ to one or multiple FTP servers in parallel.
Observe the max. capacity of the data pipe is
reached.
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137AV FTP {download | upload}
data capacity
Initiate in VPMN multiple TCP/IP connections to
download / upload one or multiple FTP files from
/ to one or multiple FTP servers in parallel.
Observe the max. capacity of the data pipe is
reached.
141AH HTTP / HTTPS IP
service access success
ratio
Initiate in VPMN to download an HTTP / HTTPS
Web page. Observe whether downloading the
Web page contents starts.
141AV HTTP / HTTPS IP
service access success
ratio
Initiate in VPMN to download an HTTP / HTTPS
Web page. Observe whether downloading the
Web page contents starts.
142AH HTTP / HTTPS IP
service setup time
Initiate in VPMN to download an HTTP / HTTPS
Web page. Measure the time between the
initiation and the start of downloading the Web
page contents.
142AV HTTP / HTTPS IP
service setup time
Initiate in VPMN to download an HTTP / HTTPS
Web page. Measure the time between the
initiation and the start of downloading the Web
page contents.
143AH HTTP / HTTPS session
success ratio
Initiate in VPMN to download an HTTP / HTTPS
Web page. Observe whether the complete Web
page contents are downloaded.
143AV HTTP / HTTPS session
success ratio
Initiate in VPMN to download an HTTP / HTTPS
Web page. Observe whether the complete Web
page contents are downloaded.
144AH HTTP / HTTPS session
time
Initiate in VPMN to download an HTTP / HTTPS
Web page. Measure the time between the
initiation and the complete Web page contents
downloaded.
144AV HTTP / HTTPS session
time
Initiate in VPMN to download an HTTP / HTTPS
Web page. Measure the time between the
initiation and the complete Web page contents
downloaded.
145AH HTTP / HTTPS mean
data rate
Initiate in VPMN to download an HTTP / HTTPS
Web page. Measure the time between the first
data packet received containing the Web page
contents and the last data packet received
containing the Web page contents.
145AV HTTP / HTTPS mean
data rate
Initiate in VPMN to download an HTTP / HTTPS
Web page. Measure the time between the first
data packet received containing the Web page
contents and the last data packet received
containing the Web page contents.
146AH HTTP / HTTPS data
transfer success ratio
Initiate in VPMN to download an HTTP / HTTPS
Web page. Observe whether all data packets
containing the Web page contents (from the first
one to the last one) are successfully received.
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146AV HTTP / HTTPS data
transfer success ratio
Initiate in VPMN to download an HTTP / HTTPS
Web page. Observe whether all data packets
containing the Web page contents (from the first
one to the last one) are successfully received.
147AH HTTP / HTTPS content
compression ratio
Initiate in VPMN to download an HTTP / HTTPS
Web page. Measure the entire size of the Web
page contents received and compare with the
original HTTP / HTTPS contents sent.
The size of the
original Web page
content sent is
known.
147AV HTTP / HTTPS content
compression ratio
Initiate in VPMN to download an HTTP / HTTPS
Web page. Measure the entire size of the Web
page contents received and compare with the
original HTTP / HTTPS contents sent.
The size of the
original Web page
content sent is
known.
148AH HTTP / HTTPS
{download | upload}
data capacity
Initiate in VPMN multiple TCP/IP connections to
download / upload one or multiple Web pages
from / to one or multiple HTTP / HTTPS servers
in parallel. Observe the max. capacity of the
data pipe is reached.
148AV HTTP / HTTPS
{download | upload}
data capacity
Initiate in VPMN multiple TCP/IP connections to
download / upload one or multiple Web pages
from / to one or multiple HTTP / HTTPS servers
in parallel. Observe the max. capacity of the
data pipe is reached.
151AH PING packet loss ratio From VPMN send an ICMP echo request with a
certain number of PING packets to be sent as
parameter. Observe whether ICMP echo reply is
received.
151AV PING packet loss ratio From VPMN send an ICMP echo request with a
certain number of PING packets to be sent as
parameter. Observe whether ICMP echo reply is
received.
152AH PING round trip time From VPMN send an ICMP echo request with a
certain number of PING packets to be sent as
parameter. Measure the time between ICMP
echo sent and ICMP echo reply received.
152AV PING round trip time From VPMN send an ICMP echo request with a
certain number of PING packets to be sent as
parameter. Measure the time between ICMP
echo sent and ICMP echo reply received.
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Passive Monitoring
5.2
General Information
5.2.1
When to measure:
5.2.1.1
The measurement is made continuously that is as soon as live traffic generates relevant
data. The KPI calculated over a daily time window and is aggregated for the Month.
Example – Day 1 – KPI = 90%, Day 2 – KPI = 95% and so on Day 3 – KPI = 88%
GRQ KPI is the average of the daily KPI.
A daily measurement is considered as valid if there is at least one (1) measure every four
(4) hours (6/day or 180/Month) or according to a mutual agreement between the HPMN and
VPMN.
Where to measure:
5.2.1.2The passive monitoring occurs on the international links (SS7 links, voice interconnect links
and IP/Gp links).
It is recommended operators to agree on the I International Mobile Subscriber Identity/
Mobile Subscriber ISDN Number (MSI/MSISDN) being used by the active probes in order
that the same IMSI/MSISDN is being used between roaming partner using passive probes.
If one operator uses active probes and the other Operating Company (OpCo) uses passive
probes, the MSISDN needs to be agreed in order to be able to compare the results.
Between passive probes address ranges they have to monitor: Country Code/ national
destination code (CC/NDC) ranges, Mobile Station Roaming Number (MSRN) Ranges, IP
Ranges of GPRS Nodes.
Known Limitations:
5.2.1.3
The measurements are done on live traffic. Therefore it can only bring information on node
where the roaming service is correctly configured. Typically, Radio failure or Network
configuration failure cannot be monitored by SS7 Monitoring alone.
Additionally, as it is linked to the actual usage on the network, the values observed may be
vary from one operator under observation to another due to various ‘normal’ conditions:
the prepaid/postpaid market share may have an impact on the Qos linked to
chargeable events as credit exhaustion will prevent or stop the service abruptly. It
may also influence the behaviour of the roamers (calls without answer (old-fashioned
2 rings and call me back), SMS oriented, and so on)
the country may have an influence - numbering plan may be "closed" (known finite
numbers of digits) or open. In the case of open numbering plans, the switch has to
go through a wait period before deciding to connect the call
the service provided to users (for example do the subscriber have a Voice Mail? The
absence/presence of such service may the observed ASR (a Voice Mail system is
supposed to always answer a call that is forwarded to it).
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GRQ Monitoring Pre-requisites
5.2.1.4
Steering of Roaming could influence some results. Actually, the error messages generated
by SoR system will be filtered out: the HPMN operator shall provide information about its
SoR configuration for enabling the parties to exclude the effect of the SoR on the
measurements.
Filter out error that are non-roaming related or do not affect the roaming service: MAP
version fallback, User Error (Roaming Not Allowed),and so on
In the case the operators want to compare throughput/goodput across technologies (that is
GPRS, EDGE, UMTS, HSDPA, etc) the operators have, for the time being to identify the
technology based on the involved core network element (SGSN). While the technology is
not explicitly identified in the protocol, the node origin address may help operator distinguish
2G / 3G elements, if the VPMN use non-hybrid core network elements (2G-3G nodes).
It is noted that 3GPP TS 29.060 V6.18.0 (2007-09) specifies a new information element
called “RAT Type” (radio access technology) that the SGSN may include in the signalling (it
is an optional parameter) for facilitating the future measurements and their comparison.
However, such release version is not implemented by SGSN vendors at the time of writing
this document.
GPRS / UMTS Test Specification 5.2.2
GRQ Test Code
Parameter How to Measure Test Specifics
VOICE
1BH LU update success ratio Measure MAP Update Location procedure. Can be measured on SCCP and TCAP level.
1BV LU update success ratio Measure MAP Update Location procedure. Can be measured on SCCP and TCAP level.
1BR LU update success ratio Measure MAP Update Location procedure. Can be measured on SCCP and TCAP level.
2BH LU delay Measure the time between the MAP UL request until the MAP UL ACK
Only applicable for successful transaction
2BV LU delay Measure the time between the MAP UL request until the MAP UL ACK
Only applicable for successful transaction
2BR LU delay Measure the time between the MAP UL request until the MAP UL ACK
Only applicable for successful transaction
3BH NER-MO (Network Effectiveness Ratio on Mobile Originated calls in the visited network) N/A
Home network has no visibility on Voice Call without CAMEL
3BV NER-MO (Network Effectiveness Ratio on Mobile Originated calls in the visited network)
Measure ratio between successful calls (reception of ISUP ACM) and attempts (ISUP IAM)
For RP applying MNP, additional info to be extracted (IMSI/MSISDN in the loc.up) for assuring measurement on the
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GRQ Test Code
Parameter How to Measure Test Specifics
roaming partner
4BH NER-MT (Network Effectiveness Ratio on Mobile Terminated calls in the visited network)
Measure ratio between successful calls (reception of ISUP ACM for calls towards MSRN) and attempts (MAP PRN with MSRN)
The success of an MT depends on the combined success of MAP PRN operation and ISUP towards MSRN
4BV NER-MT (Network Effectiveness Ratio on Mobile Terminated calls in the visited network)
Measure ratio between successful calls (reception of ISUP ACM for call towards MSRN) and attempts MAP PRN with MSRN)
The success of an MT depends on the combined success of MAP PRN operation and ISUP towards MSRN
5BH PDD-MO (Post Dialling Delay) N/A
Home network has no visibility on Voice Call without CAMEL
5BV PDD-MO (Post Dialling Delay)
Measure Time between reception of ISUP ACM and attempts (ISUP IAM)
For RP applying MNP, additional info to be extracted (IMSI/MSISDN in the loc.up) for assuring measurement on the roaming partner
6BH PDD-MT (Post Dialling Delay)
Measure time between successful calls (reception of ISUP ACM) and MT procedure start (MAP PRN with MSRN)
6BV PDD-MT (Post Dialling Delay)
Measure time between successful calls (reception of ISUP ACM) and MT procedure start (MAP PRN with MSRN)
7BH CSSR-MO (Call Setup Succes Ratio on Mobile Originated calls in the visited network) N/A
Home network has no visibility on Voice Call without CAMEL
7BV CSSR-MO (Call Setup Succes Ratio on Mobile Originated calls in the visited network)
Measure ratio between successful calls (reception of ISUP ANM) and attempts (ISUP IAM)
For RP applying MNP, additional info to be extracted (IMSI/MSISDN in the loc.up) for assuring measurement on the roaming partner. Takes into account destination behaviour (user busy, presence of VM, and so on) – risk of result bias
8BH CSSR-MT (Call Setup Success Ratio on Mobile Terminated calls in the visited network)
Measure ratio between successful calls (reception of ISUP ANM for call towards MSRN and attempts (MAP PRN with MSRN)
The success of an MT depends on the combined success of MAP PRN operation and ISUP towards MSRN
8BV CSSR-MT (Call Setup Success Ratio on Mobile Terminated calls in the visited network)
Measure ratio between successful calls (reception of ISUP ANM for call towards MSRN) and attempts (MAP PRN with MSRN)
The success of an MT depends on the combined success of MAP PRN operation and ISUP towards MSRN
9BH REL (ISUPv2 signalling transparency) N/A
Home network has no visibility on Voice Call without CAMEL
9BV REL (ISUPv2 signalling transparency) N/A
Visited network has no visibility on the actual release cause
10BH OCN and RDN (ISUPv2 signalling transparency) N/A
Home network has no visibility on Voice Call without CAMEL
10BV OCN and RDN (ISUPv2 signalling transparency)
N/A
Home network has no visibility on RDN/OCN transparency at destination side
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GRQ Test Code
Parameter How to Measure Test Specifics
11BH CCR (Call Completion Ratio Circuit ) N/A
Home network has no visibility on Voice Call without CAMEL
11BV CCR (Call Completion Ratio Circuit )
Measure ratio between successfully released calls (reception of ISUP RLC) of dropped calls and answered (ISUP ANM).
A drop call definition based on the release call that is if call is released because of network specific errors, then it will be counted as call dropped.
For example if REL cause code is one of -
(NO_ROUTE_TO_SPECIFIED_TRANSIT_NETWORK = 2, NO_ROUTE_TO_DESTINATION = 3, CHANNEL_UNACCEPTABLE = 6, EXCHANGE_ROUTING_ERROR = 25, DESTINATION OUT OF ORDER = 27, NETWORK_OUT_OF_ORDER = 38, TEMPORARY_FAILURE = 41, RECOVERY_ON_TIMER_EXPIRY = 102), then count the call as Call Dropped.
For RP applying MNP, additional info to be extracted (IMSI/MSISDN in the loc.up) for assuring measurement on the roaming partner
12BH ALOC N/A
Home network has no visibility on Voice Call without CAMEL
12BV ALOC
Measure Time between reception of call answer ISUP ANM and call release (ISUP REL)
For RP applying MNP, additional info to be extracted (IMSI/MSISDN in the loc.up) for assuring measurement on the roaming partner
13BH CLI transparency N/A
Home network has no visibility on Voice Call without CAMEL
13BV CLI transparency
N/A
Home network has no visibility on CLI transparency at destination side
14BH SpQ (Speech Quality)
N/A
SS7 monitoring is non intrusive. It only monitors signalling message.
14BV SpQ (Speech Quality)
N/A
SS7 monitoring is non intrusive. It only monitors signalling message.
SMS
21BH Service Accessibility SMS MO (SA SMS MO) N/A
21BV Service Accessibility SMS MO (SA SMS MO)
Measure ratio between successful SMS-SUBMIT and attempts
21BR Service Accessibility SMS MO (SA SMS MO)
Measure ratio between successful SMS-SUBMIT and attempts
22BH Service Accessibility SMS MT (SA SMS MT)
Measure ratio between successful SMS-DELIVER and attempts
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GRQ Test Code
Parameter How to Measure Test Specifics
22BV Service Accessibility SMS MT (SA SMS MT) N/A
23BH Access Delay SMS MO (AD SMS-MO) N/A
23BV Access Delay SMS MO (AD SMS-MO)
Measure time between SMS-SUBMIT and acknowledgement
23BR Access Delay SMS MO (AD SMS-MO)
Measure time between SMS-SUBMIT and acknowledgement
24BH Access Delay SMS MT (AD SMS-MT)
Measure time between successful SMS-DELIVER and acknowledgement
24BV Access Delay SMS MT (AD SMS-MT) N/A
25BH End-to-End Delivery Time for SMS-MO
Measure time stamp between MAP-FWD-SM (SMS-Submit) operation and MAP-FWD-SM (SMS-Deliver) operation acknowledgement
25BV End-to-End Delivery Time for SMS-MO N/A
26BH End-to-End Delivery Time for SMS-MT
Measure time stamp between MAP-FWD-SM (SMS-Submit) operation and MAP-FWD-SM (SMS-Deliver) operation acknowledgement
26BV End-to-End Delivery Time for SMS-MT N/A
PACKET-SWITCHED
31BH Packet Switched LU Success Ratio (PS LU – SR)
Measure MAP GPRS Update Location procedure. Can be measure on SCCP and TCAP level.
31BV Packet Switched LU Success Ratio (PS LU – SR)
Measure MAP GPRS Update Location procedure. Can be measure on SCCP and TCAP level.
31BR Packet Switched LU Success Ratio (PS LU – SR)
Measure MAP GPRS Update Location procedure. Can be measure on SCCP and TCAP level.
32BH Packet Switched Location Update Delay (PS LU – D)
Measure the time between the MAP UL request until the MAP UL ACK
32BV Packet Switched Location Update Delay (PS LU – D)
Measure the time between the MAP UL request until the MAP UL ACK
32BR Packet Switched Location Update Delay (PS LU – D)
Measure the time between the MAP UL request until the MAP UL ACK
33BH Service accessibility for PSD (PDP-context activation success ratio)
Measure ratio between successful MAP_PDP_Context Activation and attempts
33BV Service accessibility for PSD (PDP-context activation success ratio)
Measure ratio between successful MAP_PDP_Context Activation and attempts
34BH Set-up Delay (ST PSD) Measure timing between successful MAP_PDP_Context Activation Request and Response
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GRQ Test Code
Parameter How to Measure Test Specifics
34BV Set-up Delay (ST PSD) Measure timing between successful MAP_PDP_Context Activation Request and Response
35BH PDP Context Cut-Off Ratio (session Stability measured at PDP context or PS level) N/A
35BV PDP Context Cut-Off Ratio (session Stability measured at PDP context or PS level) N/A
36BH Average PDP Context Session Time (per APN)
Measure time between the MAP_PDP Activation and the MAP_PDP_Delete message
36BV Average PDP Context Session Time (per APN)
Measure time between the MAP_PDP Activation and the MAP_PDP_Delete message
37BH Throughput (Kbits/sec) Measure UDP Packet volume exchanged
37BV Throughput (Kbits/sec) Measure UDP Packet volume exchanged
38BH Goodput (Kbits/sec) Measure UDP Packet volume exchanged, corrected by filtering UDP containing TCP retransmission only application based on TCP
38BV Goodput (Kbits/sec) Measure UDP Packet volume exchanged, corrected by filtering UDP containing TCP retransmission only application based on TCP
39BH Roundtrip time Measure UDP roundtrip based on encapsulated TCP acknowledgement mechanisms only application based on TCP
39BV Roundtrip time Measure UDP roundtrip based on encapsulated TCP acknowledgement mechanisms only application based on TCP
40BH Packet loss Measure UDP Packet Loss based on TCP retransmission mechanisms only application based on TCP
40BV Packet loss Measure UDP Packet Loss based on TCP retransmission mechanisms only application based on TCP
Table 5: Parameter mesaurament table
LTE test specification
5.2.3
A detailed test specification for passive KPI monitoring to be added in this section
CAMEL Monitoring
5.3
General Information
5.3.1
Although CAMEL Monitoring was not trialled by GRQ project Jan-Apr 2008, this method is
similar to SS7 Monitoring. The general information below is for information only.
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When to measure:
5.3.1.1
The measurement is made continuously that is as soon as live traffic generates relevant
data. The KPI calculated over a daily time window and is aggregated for the Month.
Example – Day 1 – KPI = 90%, Day 2 – KPI = 95% and so on Day 3 – KPI = 88%
GRQ KPI is the average of the daily KPI.
A daily measurement is considered as valid if there is at least 1 measure every 4 hours
(6/day or 180/Month) or according to a mutual agreement between the HPMN and VPMN.
Where to measure:
5.3.1.2The passive monitoring occurs on the operator’s and Hubbing Provider’s international links (SS7 links, voice interconnect links and IP/Gp links).
All parties have to agree on the address ranges they have to monitor CC/NDC ranges, MSRN Ranges, IP Ranges of GPRS Nodes.
Known Limitations:
5.3.1.3The measurements are done on the live traffic. Therefore it brings information on node
where the roaming service is correctly configured. Typically, Radio failure or Network
configuration failure is not unambiguously detectable.
CAMEL is activated per subscriber. Therefore the kind of subscriber having a CAMEL mark
may influence results (Prepaid, VPN, Postpaid,and so on)
GRQ Monitoring Pre-requisites 5.3.1.4
Requires SS7 monitoring capabilities for most of the tests. Requires CAMEL support from
the Operators and the Hubbing Providers
Test specification 5.3.2
Test information will be appended at a later stage when this method has been tested
against the GRQ Framework.
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Call Flow
5.4
Location update
5.4.1
Bilateral case
5.4.1.1
Figure 2: Location update with HLR and VLR
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Roaming Hubbing Provider case (only GRQ monitoring relevant
5.4.1.2
procedures)
Figure 3: Location Update with Roaming Hubbing Provider
Note: LU06 and LU11 are for reference only
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Voice call MO
5.4.2
Figure 4: CS voice call MO
Note: Although some signalling may pass through the roaming Hubbing Provider the diagram only refers to the bilateral case.
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Voice call MT
5.4.3
Figure 5: CS voice call MT
Note: Although some signalling may pass trough the roaming Hubbing Provider the
diagram only refers to the bilateral case
SMS and SMSoSGs
5.4.4
Figure 6: SMS and SMSoSGs
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Packet Switched/GPRS
5.4.5
Bilateral case
5.4.5.1
Figure 7: GPRS PDP context and data transfer in bilateral case
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Roaming Hubbing Provider Case (only relevant procedures)
5.4.5.2
Figure 8: Packet Switch flow for Roaming Hub Provider
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FTP
5.4.6
Figure 9: FTP
Note: FTP00: The time to initiate FTP
Ping
5.4.7
Figure 10: Ping
HTTP/HTTPS
5.4.8
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Figure 11: HTTP/HTTPS session flow
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.EPS
5.4.9
EPS attach
5.4.9.1
The EPS attach signalling flow refers to 3GPP TS 23.401 [5]. The trigger / observation
points are numbered by using the same procedural step numbers in the figure. The
reference interface and the supported protocol at the trigger points are listed in the following
table.
Trigger
point
EPS attach
procedural step
number
Description Interface / protocol
EPS01 1 UE attach request LTE-Uu / NAS
EPS05vh 5a Authentication / security S6a / Diameter
EPS05hv 5a Authentication / security S6a / Diameter
EPS07vh 7 Delete session request S8 or S11 / GTPv2-C
EPS07hv 7 Delete session response S8 or S11 / GTPv2-C
EPS08 8 Update location request S6a / Diameter
EPS09hv 9 Cancel location S6a / Diameter
EPS09vh 9 Cancel location Ack S6a / Diameter
EPS10vh 10 Delete session request S8 or S11 / GTPv2-C
EPS10hv 10 Delete session response S8 or S11 / GTPv2-C
EPS11 11 Update location Ack S6a / Diameter
EPS12 12 Create session request S11 / GTPv2-C
EPS13 13 Create session request S8 / GTPv2-C
EPS15 15 Create session response S8 / GTPv2-C
EPS16 16 Create session response S11 / GTPv2-C
EPS18 18 RRC connection
reconfiguration
LTE-Uu / NAS
EPS21 21 Direct transfer LTE-Uu / NAS
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3. Identification Request
1. Attach Request
new MME Old MME/SGSN
Serving GW PCRF HSS
3. Identification Response
PDN GW
2. Attach Request
eNodeB UE
4. Identity Request 4. Identity Response 5a. Authentication / Security
17. Initial Context Setup Request / Attach Accept
First Uplink Data
19. RRC Connection Reconfiguration Complete
18. RRC Connection Reconfiguration
20. Initial Context Setup Response
24. Modify Bearer Response
23. Modify Bearer Request
First Downlink Data
25. Notify Request
26. Notify Response
(B)
(A)
16. Create Session Response
12. Create Session Request
8. Update Location Request
9. Cancel Location
11. Update Location Ack
9. Cancel Location Ack
10. Delete Session Request 10. Delete Session Response
13. Create Session Request
15. Create Session Response
7. Delete Session Response
7. Delete Sesion Request
First Downlink Data (if not handover)
(C)
EIR
5b. ME Identity Check
5b. Identity Request/Response
10. PCEF Initiated IP-CAN Session Termination
7. PCEF Initiated IP-CAN Session Termination
14. PCEF Initiated IP-CAN Session Establishment/Modification
6. Ciphered Options Request
6. Ciphered Options Response
23a. Modify Bearer Request
23b. Modify Bearer Response
(D)
21. Direct Transfer 22. Attach Complete
(E)
(F)
Figure 12 EPS attach
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Combined EPS / IMSI attach
5.4.9.2
The signalling flow of the combined EPS /IMSI attach refers to 3GPP TS 23.272 [4]. The
trigger / observation points are numbered by using the same procedural step numbers in
the figure.
Trigger
point
attach procedural
step number
Description Interface / protocol
Combined EPS/IMSI
EPS
EPSC01 1 - UE combined attach request LTE-Uu / NAS
EPS05vh - 5a Authentication / security S6a / Diameter
EPS05hv - 5a Authentication / security S6a / Diameter
EPS07vh - 7 Delete session request S8 or S11 / GTPv2-C
EPS07hv - 7 Delete session response S8 or S11 / GTPv2-C
EPS08 - 8 Update location request S6a / Diameter
EPS09hv - 9 Cancel location S6a / Diameter
EPS09vh - 9 Cancel location Ack S6a / Diameter
EPS10vh - 10 Delete session request S8 or S11 / GTPv2-C
EPS10hv - 10 Delete session response S8or S11 / GTPv2-C
EPS11 - 11 Update location Ack S6a / Diameter
EPS12 - 12 Create session request S11 / GTPv2-C
EPS13 - 13 Create session request S8 / GTPv2-C
EPS15 - 15 Create session response S8 / GTPv2-C
EPS16 - 16 Create session response S11 / GTPv2-C
LU06 5 - Update location request D / SS7
LU11 5 - Update location Ack D / SS7
EPS18 - 18 RRC connection
reconfiguration
LTE-Uu / NAS
EPS21 - 21 Direct transfer LTE-Uu / NAS
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1. Attach Request
3. Derive VLR number
4. Location Update Request
5. Create SGs association
7. Location Update Accept
UE MME HSS MSC/VLR
2. Step 3 to step 16 of the Attach procedure specified in TS 23.401
6. Location update in CS domain
8. Step 17 to step 26 of the Attach procedure specified in TS 23.401
9. Paging Request
Figure 13: Combined EPS /IMSI attach
Trigger Table 5.5
GSM/GPRS and UMTS trigger points 5.5.1
Test Parameter Reference
flow Start point End Point
CIRCUIT-SWITCHED
1AH
1BH
LU update success ratio Location update
LU01 (Active) LU06 (Passive)
LU12 (Active) LU11(Passive)
1AV
1BV
LU update success ratio Location update
LU01 (Active) LU06 (Passive)
LU12 (Active) LU11(Passive)
1BR LU update success ratio Location update
LU06HUB LU11Hub
2AH
2BH
LU delay Location update
LU01 (Active) LU06 (Passive)
LU12 (Active) LU11(Passive)
2AV
2BV
LU delay Location update
LU01 (Active) LU06
LU12 (Active) LU11(Passive)
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Test Parameter Reference
flow Start point End Point
(Passive)
2BR LU delay Location update
LU06Hub LU11Hub
3AH
3BH
NER-MO (Network Effectiveness Ratio on Mobile Originated calls in the visited network)
Voice call MO
MOC01 (Active) MOC03 (Passive)
MOC14 (Active) MOC13 (Passive)
3AV
3BV
NER-MO (Network Effectiveness Ratio on Mobile Originated calls in the visited network)
Voice call MO
MOC01 (Active) MOC03 (Passive)
MOC14 (Active) MOC13 (Passive)
4AH
4BH
NER-MT (Network Effectiveness Ratio on Mobile Terminated calls in the visited network)
Voice call MT
MTC01 (Active) MTC07 (Passive)
MTC14 (Active) MTC13 (Passive)
5AV
4BV
NER-MT (Network Effectiveness Ratio on Mobile Terminated calls in the visited network)
Voice call MT
MTC01 (Active) MTC07 (Passive)
MTC14 (Active) MTC13 (Passive)
5AH
5BH
PDD-MO (Post Dialling Delay) Voice call MO
MOC01 (Active) MOC03 (Passive)
MOC14 (Active) MOC13 (Passive)
5AV
5BV
PDD-MO (Post Dialling Delay) Voice call MO
MOC01 (Active) MOC03 (Passive)
MOC14 (Active) MOC13 (Passive)
6AH
6BH
PDD-MT (Post Dialling Delay) Voice call MT
MTC01 (Active) MTC07 (Passive)
MTC14 (Active) MTC13 (Passive)
6AV
6BV
PDD-MT (Post Dialling Delay) Voice call MT
MTC01 (Active) MTC07 (Passive)
MTC14 (Active) MTC13 (Passive)
7AH
7BH
CSSR-MO (Call Setup Succes Ratio on Mobile Originated calls in the visited network)
Voice call MO
MOC01 (Active) MOC03 (Passive)
MOC17 (Active) MOC16 (Passive)
7AV
7BV
CSSR-MO (Call Setup Succes Ratio on Mobile Originated calls in the visited network)
Voice call MO
MOC01 (Active) MOC03 (Passive)
MOC17 (Active) MOC16 (Passive)
8AH
8BH
CSSR-MT (Call Setup Succes Ratio on Mobile Terminated calls in the visited network)
Voice call MT
MTC01 (Active) MTC07 (Passive)
MOC17 (Active)
MOC16 (Passive)
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Test Parameter Reference
flow Start point End Point
8AV
8BV
CSSR-MT (Call Setup Succes Ratio on Mobile Terminated calls in the visited network)
Voice call MT
MTC01 (Active) MTC07 (Passive)
MTC17 (Active) MTC16 (Passive)
9BH REL (ISUPv2 signalling transparency) Voice call MO
MOC20 MOC22
9BV REL (ISUPv2 signalling transparency) Voice call MO
MOC20 MOC22
10BH OCN and RDN (ISUPv2 signalling transparency) No flow available
10BV OCN and RDN (ISUPv2 signalling transparency) No flow available
11AH
11BH
CCR (Call Completion Rate Circuit ) Voice call MO
MOC14 (Active) MOC13 (Passive)
MOC20 (Active) MOC21 (Passive)
11AV
11BV
CCR (Call Completion Rate Circuit ) Voice call MO
MOC14 (Active) MOC13 (Passive)
MOC20 (Active) MOC21 (Passive)
12BH ALOC Voice call MO
MOC03 MOC21
12BV ALOC Voice call MO
MOC03 MOC21
13AH
13BH
CLI transparency Voice call MO
MOC02 MOC10
13AV
13BV
CLI transparency Voice call MO
MOC02 MOC10
14AH
14BH
SpQ (Speech Quality) Voice call MO
MOC18 MOC19
14AV
14BV
SpQ (Speech Quality) Voice call MO
MOC18 MOC19
SMS
21AH
21BH
Service Accessibility SMS MO (SA SMS MO) SMS SMS01 (Active) SMS02 (Passive)
SMS04 (Active) SMS03(Passive)
21AV
21BV
Service Accessibility SMS MO (SA SMS MO) SMS SMS01 (Active) SMS02 (Passive)
SMS04 (Active) SMS03(Passive)
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Test Parameter Reference
flow Start point End Point
22AH
22BH
Service Accessibility SMS MT (SA SMS MT) SMS SMS04 (Active) SMS06 (Passive)
SMS08 (Active) SMS09 (Passive)
22AV
22BV
Service Accessibility SMS MT (SA SMS MT) SMS SMS04 (Active) SMS06 (Passive)
SMS08 (Active) SMS09 (Passive)
23AH
23BH
Access Delay SMS MO (AD SMS-MO) SMS SMS01 (Active) SMS02 (Passive)
SMS04 (Active) SMS03(Passive)
23AV
23BV
Access Delay SMS MO (AD SMS-MO) SMS SMS01 (Active) SMS02 (Passive)
SMS04 (Active) SMS03(Passive)
24AH
24BH
Access Delay SMS MT (AD SMS-MT) SMS SMS04 (Active) SMS06 (Passive)
SMS08 (Active) SMS09 (Passive)
24AV
24BV
Access Delay SMS MT (AD SMS-MT) SMS SMS04 (Active) SMS06 (Passive)
SMS08 (Active) SMS09 (Passive)
25AH
25BH
End-to-End Delivery Time for SMS-MO SMS SMS01 (Active) SMS02 (Passive)
SMS08 (Active) SMS09 (Passive)
25AV
25BV
End-to-End Delivery Time for SMS-MO SMS SMS01 (Active) SMS02 (Passive)
SMS08 (Active) SMS09 (Passive)
26AH
26BH
End-to-End Delivery Time for SMS-MT SMS SMS01 (Active) SMS02 (Passive)
SMS08 (Active) SMS09 (Passive)
26AV
6BV
End-to-End Delivery Time for SMS-MT SMS SMS01 (Active) SMS02 (Passive)
SMS08 (Active) SMS09 (Passive)
PACKET-SWITCHED
31AH
31BH
Packet Switched LU Success Rate (PS LU - SR) GPRS GPRS01 (Active) GPRS02 (Passive)
GPRS10 (Active) GPRS09 (Passive)
31AV
31BV
Packet Switched LU Success Rate (PS LU - SR) GPRS GPRS01 (Active) GPRS02
GPRS10 (Active) GPRS09
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Test Parameter Reference
flow Start point End Point
(Passive) (Passive)
31BR Packet Switched LU Success Rate (PS LU - SR) GPRS GPRS02Hub GPRS07Hub
32AH
32BH
Packet Switched Location Update Delay (PS LU - D)
GPRS GPRS01 (Active) GPRS02 (Passive)
GPRS10 (Active) GPRS09 (Passive)
32AV
32BV
Packet Switched Location Update Delay (PS LU - D)
GPRS GPRS01 (Active) GPRS02 (Passive)
GPRS10 (Active) GPRS09 (Passive)
32BR Packet Switched Location Update Delay (PS LU - D)
GPRS GPRS02Hub GPRS07Hub
33AH
33BH
Service accessibility for PSD (PDP-context activation success rate)
GPRS GPRS12 (Active) GPRS13 (Passive)
GPRS19 (Active) GPRS18 (Passive)
33AV
33BV
Service accessibility for PSD (PDP-context activation success rate)
GPRS GPRS12 (Active) GPRS13 (Passive)
GPRS19 (Active) GPRS18 (Passive)
34AH
34BH
Set-up Delay (ST PSD) GPRS GPRS12 (Active) GPRS13 (Passive)
GPRS19 (Active) GPRS18 (Passive)
34AH
34BV
Set-up Delay (ST PSD) GPRS GPRS12 (Active) GPRS13 (Passive)
GPRS19 (Active) GPRS18 (Passive)
35AH
35BH
PDP Context Cut-Off Ratio (session Stability measured at PDP context or PS level)
GPRS GPRS19 (Active) GPRS18 (Passive)
GPRS25 (Active) GPRS24 (Passive)
35AV
35BV
PDP Context Cut-Off Ratio (session Stability measured at PDP context or PS level)
GPRS GPRS19 (Active) GPRS18 (Passive)
GPRS25 (Active) GPRS24 (Passive)
36AH
36BH
Average PDP Context Session Time (per APN) GPRS GPRS20 GPRS21
36AV
36BV
Average PDP Context Session Time (per APN) GPRS GPRS20 GPRS21
37AH
37BH
Throughput (Kbits/sec) FTP / GPRS
FTP01 (Active) GPRS21 (Passive)
FTP12 (Active) GPRS21 (Passive)
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Test Parameter Reference
flow Start point End Point
37AV
37BV
Throughput (Kbits/sec) FTP / GPRS
FTP01 (Active) GPRS21 (Passive)
FTP12 (Active) GPRS21 (Passive)
38BH
38BH
Goodput (Kbits/sec) FTP / GPRS
FTP01 (Active) GPRS21 (Passive)
FTP12 (Active) GPRS21 (Passive)
38BV
38BV
Goodput (Kbits/sec) FTP / GPRS
FTP01 (Active) GPRS21 (Passive)
FTP12 (Active) GPRS21 (Passive)
39AH
39BH
Roundtrip time Ping / GPRS
Ping 01 (Active) During TCP session (Passive)
Ping04 (Active) During TCP session (Passive)
39AV
39BV
Roundtrip time Ping / GPRS
Ping 01 (Active) During TCP session (Passive)
Ping04 (Active) During TCP session (Passive)
40AH
40BH
Packet loss Ping / GPRS
Ping 01 (Active) During TCP session (Passive)
Ping04 (Active) During TCP session (Passive)
40AV
40BV
Packet loss Ping / GPRS
Ping 01 (Active) During TCP session (Passive)
Ping04 (Active) During TCP session (Passive)
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LTE trigger points
5.5.2
Test
code Parameter Reference flow Start point End Point
Voice CSFB
101AH
101BH
PS location update
success ratio
Combined EPS /
IMSI attach
EPSC01 (Active)
EPS08 (Passive)
EPS09hv (Passive)
LU06 (Passive)
EPS07vh (Passive)6
EPS10vh (Passive)6
EPS18 (Active)
EPS11 (Passive)
EPS09vh (Passive)
LU11 (Passive)
EPS07hv (Passive)6
EPS10hv (Passive)6
101AV
101BV
PS location update
success ratio
Combined EPS /
IMSI attach
EPSC01 (Active)
EPS08 (Passive)
EPS09hv (Passive)
LU06 (Passive)
EPS07vh (Passive)6
EPS10vh (Passive)6
EPS18 (Active)
EPS11 (Passive)
EPS09vh (Passive)
LU11 (Passive)
EPS07hv (Passive)6
EPS10hv (Passive)6
101BR PS location update
success ratio
Combined EPS /
IMSI attach
EPS08Hub (Passive)
EPS09hvHub(Passive)
LU06Hub (Passive)
EPS11Hub (Passive)
EPS09vhHub(Passive)
LU11Hub (Passive)
102AH
102BH
PS location update
delay
Combined EPS /
IMSI attach
EPSC01 (Active)
EPS08 (Passive)
LU06 (Passive)
EPS18 (Active)
EPS11 (Passive)
LU11 (Passive)
102AV
102BV
PS location update
delay
Combined EPS /
IMSI attach
EPSC01 (Active)
EPS08 (Passive)
LU06 (Passive)
EPS18 (Active)
EPS11 (Passive)
LU11 (Passive)
102BR PS location update
delay
Combined EPS /
IMSI attach
EPS08Hub (Passive)
LU06Hub (Passive)
EPS11Hub (Passive)
LU11Hub (Passive)
103AH CSFB return to LTE
success ratio
- Disconnect voice call
(Active)
Return to LTE (Active)
103AH CSFB return to LTE
success ratio
- Disconnect voice call
(Active)
Return to LTE (Active)
104AH CSFB return to LTE
time
- Disconnect voice call
(Active)
Return to LTE (Active)
104AV CSFB return to LTE
time
- Disconnect voice call
(Active)
Return to LTE (Active)
6 The S8 interface and the trigger point referring to the interface are valid for the home routed
architecture via PGW at HPMN.
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Test
code Parameter Reference flow Start point End Point
3AH
3BH
Service Accessibility
Telephony – MO
Voice call MO MOC01 (Active)
MOC03 (Passive)
MOC14 (Active)
MOC13 (Passive)
3AV
3BV
Service Accessibility
Telephony – MO
Voice call MO MOC01 (Active)
MOC03 (Passive)
MOC14 (Active)
MOC13 (Passive)
4AH
4BH
Service Accessibility
Telephony – MT
Voice call MT MTC01 (Active)
MTC07 (Passive)
MTC14 (Active)
MTC13 (Passive)
4AV
4BV
Service Accessibility
Telephony – MT
Voice call MT MTC01 (Active)
MTC07 (Passive)
MTC14 (Active)
MTC13 (Passive)
5AH
5BH
Setup Time Telephony
– MO
Voice call MO MOC01 (Active)
MOC03 (Passive)
MOC14 (Active)
MOC13 (Passive)
5AV
5BV
Setup Time Telephony
– MO
Voice call MO MOC01 (Active)
MOC03 (Passive)
MOC14 (Active)
MOC13 (Passive)
6AH
6BH
Setup Time Telephony
– MT
Voice call MT MTC01 (Active)
MTC07 (Passive)
MTC14 (Active)
MTC13 (Passive)
6AV
6BV
Setup Time Telephony
– MT
Voice call MT MTC01 (Active)
MTC07 (Passive)
MTC14 (Active)
MTC13 (Passive)
Test
code Parameter Reference flow Start point End Point
SMSoSGs
101AH
101BH
PS location update
success ratio
Combined EPS /
IMSI attach
EPSC01 (Active)
EPS08 (Passive)
EPS09hv (Passive)
LU06 (Passive)
EPS07vh (Passive)6
EPS10vh (Passive)6
EPS18 (Active)
EPS11 (Passive)
EPS09vh (Passive)
LU11 (Passive)
EPS07hv (Passive)6
EPS10hv (Passive)6
101AV
101BV
PS location update
success ratio
Combined EPS /
IMSI attach
EPSC01 (Active)
EPS08 (Passive)
EPS09hv (Passive)
LU06 (Passive)
EPS07vh (Passive)6
EPS10vh (Passive)6
EPS18 (Active)
EPS11 (Passive)
EPS09vh (Passive)
LU11 (Passive)
EPS07hv (Passive)6
EPS10hv (Passive)6
101BR PS location update
success ratio
Combined EPS /
IMSI attach
EPS08Hub (Passive)
EPS09hvHub(Passive)
LU06Hub (Passive)
EPS11Hub (Passive)
EPS09vhHub(Passive)
LU11Hub (Passive)
102AH
102BH
PS location update
delay
Combined EPS /
IMSI attach
EPSC01 (Active)
EPS08 (Passive)
LU06 (Passive)
EPS18 (Active)
EPS11 (Passive)
LU11 (Passive)
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Test
code Parameter Reference flow Start point End Point
102AV
102BV
PS location update
delay
Combined EPS /
IMSI attach
EPSC01 (Active)
EPS08 (Passive)
LU06 (Passive)
EPS18 (Active)
EPS11 (Passive)
LU11 (Passive)
102BR PS location update
delay
Combined EPS /
IMSI attach
EPS08Hub (Passive)
LU06Hub (Passive)
EPS11Hub (Passive)
LU11Hub (Passive)
21AH
21BH
Service Accessibility
SMS MO (SA SMS
MO)
SMS and SMSoSGs SMS01 (Active)
SMS02 (Passive)
SMS04 (Active)
SMS03(Passive)
21AV
21BV
Service Accessibility
SMS MO (SA SMS
MO)
SMS and SMSoSGs SMS01 (Active)
SMS02 (Passive)
SMS04 (Active)
SMS03(Passive)
22AH
22BH
Service Accessibility
SMS MT (SA SMS MT)
SMS and SMSoSGs SMS04 (Active)
SMS06 (Passive)
SMS08 (Active)
SMS09 (Passive)
22AV
22BV
Service Accessibility
SMS MT (SA SMS MT)
SMS and SMSoSGs SMS04 (Active)
SMS06 (Passive)
SMS08 (Active)
SMS09 (Passive)
23AH
23BH
Access Delay SMS MO
(AD SMS-MO)
SMS and SMSoSGs SMS01 (Active)
SMS02 (Passive)
SMS04 (Active)
SMS03(Passive)
23AV
23BV
Access Delay SMS MO
(AD SMS-MO)
SMS and SMSoSGs SMS01 (Active)
SMS02 (Passive)
SMS04 (Active)
SMS03(Passive)
24AH
24BH
Access Delay SMS MT
(AD SMS-MT)
SMS and SMSoSGs SMS04 (Active)
SMS06 (Passive)
SMS08 (Active)
SMS09 (Passive)
24AV
24BV
Access Delay SMS MT
(AD SMS-MT)
SMS and SMSoSGs SMS04 (Active)
SMS06 (Passive)
SMS08 (Active)
SMS09 (Passive)
25AH
25BH
End-to-End Delivery
Time for SMS-MO
SMS and SMSoSGs SMS01 (Active)
SMS02 (Passive)
SMS08 (Active)
SMS09 (Passive)
25AV
25BV
End-to-End Delivery
Time for SMS-MO
SMS and SMSoSGs SMS01 (Active)
SMS02 (Passive)
SMS08 (Active)
SMS09 (Passive)
26AH
26BH
End-to-End Delivery
Time for SMS-MT
SMS and SMSoSGs SMS01 (Active)
SMS02 (Passive)
SMS08 (Active)
SMS09 (Passive)
26AV
26BV
End-to-End Delivery
Time for SMS-MT
SMS and SMSoSGs SMS01 (Active)
SMS02 (Passive)
SMS08 (Active)
SMS09 (Passive)
Test
code Parameter Reference flow Start point End Point
LTE data
101AH
101BH
PS location update
success ratio
EPS attach EPS01 (Active)
EPS08 (Passive)
EPS09hv (Passive)
EPS07vh (Passive)6
EPS18 (Active)
EPS11 (Passive)
EPS09vh (Passive)
EPS07hv (Passive)6
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Test
code Parameter Reference flow Start point End Point
EPS10vh (Passive)6 EPS10hv (Passive)
6
101AV
101BV
PS location update
success ratio
EPS attach EPS01 (Active)
EPS08 (Passive)
EPS09hv (Passive)
EPS07vh (Passive)6
EPS10vh (Passive)6
EPS18 (Active)
EPS11 (Passive)
EPS09vh (Passive)
EPS07hv (Passive)6
EPS10hv (Passive)6
101BR PS location update
success ratio
EPS attach EPS08Hub (Passive)
EPS09hvHub(Passive)
EPS11Hub (Passive)
EPS09vhHub(Passive)
102AH
102BH
PS location update
delay
EPS attach EPS01 (Active)
EPS08 (Passive)
EPS18 (Active)
EPS11 (Passive)
102AV
102BV
PS location update
delay
EPS attach EPS01 (Active)
EPS08 (Passive)
EPS18 (Active)
EPS11 (Passive)
102BR PS location update
delay
EPS attach EPS08Hub (Passive) EPS11Hub (Passive)
105AH
105BH
Default EPS bearer
context activation
success ratio
EPS attach EPS18 (Active)
EPS12 (Passive)
EPS13 (Passive)6
EPS21 (Active)
EPS16 (Passive)
EPS15 (Passive)6
105AV
105BV
Default EPS bearer
context activation
success ratio
EPS attach EPS18 (Active)
EPS12 (Passive)
EPS13 (Passive)6
EPS21 (Active)
EPS16 (Passive)
EPS15 (Passive)6
106AH Default EPS bearer
context activation time
EPS attach EPS18 (Active)
EPS12 (Passive)
EPS21 (Active)
EPS16 (Passive)
106AV Default EPS bearer
context activation time
EPS attach EPS18 (Active)
EPS12 (Passive)
EPS21 (Active)
EPS16 (Passive)
107AH DNS host name
resolution success ratio
- DNS request (Active) DNS data packet (type
A) received (Active)
107AV DNS host name
resolution success ratio
- DNS request (Active) DNS data packet (type
A) received (Active)
108AH DNS host name
resolution time
- DNS request (Active) DNS data packet (type
A) received (Active)
108AV DNS host name
resolution time
- DNS request (Active) DNS data packet (type
A) received (Active)
109AH Default EPS bearer
context cut-off ratio
EPS attach
109AV Default EPS bearer
context cut-off ratio
EPS attach
131AH FTP {download |
upload} IP service
access success ratio
FTP FTP00 (active) FTP08 (active)
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Test
code Parameter Reference flow Start point End Point
131AV FTP {download |
upload} IP service
access success ratio
FTP FTP00 (active) FTP08 (active)
132AH FTP {download |
upload} IP service setup
time
FTP FTP00 (active) FTP08 (active)
132AV FTP {download |
upload} IP service setup
time
FTP FTP00 (active) FTP08 (active)
133AH FTP {download |
upload} session
success ratio
FTP FTP00 (active) FTP09 (active)
133AV FTP {download |
upload} session
success ratio
FTP FTP00 (active) FTP09 (active)
134AH FTP {download |
upload} session time
FTP FTP00 (active) FTP09 (active)
134AH FTP {download |
upload} session time
FTP FTP00 (active) FTP09 (active)
135AH FTP {download |
upload} mean data rate
FTP FTP00 (active) FTP09 (active)
135AV FTP {download |
upload} mean data rate
FTP FTP00 (active) FTP09 (active)
136AH FTP {download |
upload} data transfer
success ratio
FTP FTP00 (active) FTP11 (active)
136AV FTP {download |
upload} data transfer
success ratio
FTP FTP00 (active) FTP11 (active)
137AH FTP {download |
upload} data capacity
FTP FTP00 (active) Reached max.
capacity (active)
137AV FTP {download |
upload} data capacity
FTP FTP00 (active) Reached max.
capacity (active)
141AH HTTP / HTTPS IP
service access success
ratio
HTTP/HTTPS HTTP01 active) HTTP02 active)
141AV HTTP / HTTPS IP
service access success
ratio
HTTP/HTTPS HTTP01 active) HTTP02 active)
142AH HTTP / HTTPS IP
service setup time
HTTP/HTTPS HTTP01 active) HTTP02 active)
142AV HTTP / HTTPS IP
service setup time
HTTP/HTTPS HTTP01 active) HTTP02 active)
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Test
code Parameter Reference flow Start point End Point
143AH HTTP / HTTPS session
success ratio
HTTP/HTTPS HTTP01 active) HTTP03 active)
143AV HTTP / HTTPS session
success ratio
HTTP/HTTPS HTTP01 active) HTTP03 active)
144AH HTTP / HTTPS session
time
HTTP/HTTPS HTTP01 active) HTTP03 active)
144AV HTTP / HTTPS session
time
HTTP/HTTPS HTTP01 active) HTTP03 active)
145AH HTTP / HTTPS mean
data rate
HTTP/HTTPS HTTP01 active) HTTP03 active)
145AV HTTP / HTTPS mean
data rate
HTTP/HTTPS HTTP01 active) HTTP03 active)
146AH HTTP / HTTPS data
transfer success ratio
HTTP/HTTPS HTTP01 active) HTTP04 active)
146AV HTTP / HTTPS data
transfer success ratio
HTTP/HTTPS HTTP01 active) HTTP04 active)
147AH HTTP / HTTPS content
compression ratio
HTTP/HTTPS HTTP01 active) HTTP04 active)
147AV HTTP / HTTPS content
compression ratio
HTTP/HTTPS HTTP01 active) HTTP04 active)
148AH HTTP / HTTPS
{download | upload}
data capacity
HTTP/HTTPS HTTP01 active) Reached max.
capacity (active)
148AV HTTP / HTTPS
{download | upload}
data capacity
HTTP/HTTPS HTTP01 active) Reached max.
capacity (active)
151AH
151BH
PING packet loss ratio PING Ping 01 (Active)
During TCP session
(Passive)
Ping04 (Active)
During TCP session
(Passive)
151AV
151BV
PING packet loss ratio PING Ping 01 (Active)
During TCP session
(Passive)
Ping04 (Active)
During TCP session
(Passive)
152AH
152BH
PING round trip time PING Ping 01 (Active)
During TCP session
(Passive)
Ping04 (Active)
During TCP session
(Passive)
152AV
152BV
PING round trip time PING Ping 01 (Active)
During TCP session
(Passive)
Ping04 (Active)
During TCP session
(Passive)
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Monitoring Values
5.6
Please refer to the GRQ Handbook (BA.51) for information on the GRQ trial observed
measurements and how to define Service Level, trigger values
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Annex A Document Management
A.1 Document History
Version Date Brief Description of Change Approval Authority
Editor / Company
0.5 26 Aug 2008
Clean version for SIGNAL and PACKET comments.
N/A –draft only
David Gillot, Roamware
0.51 23 Sep 2008
Editorial corrections to trigger table as noted by Inge Menschaert, Vodafone.
0.52 10 Oct 2008
Editorial corrections as noted by Magnus Zimmerman, Polystar.
0.6 12 Dec 2008
Further revisions and editorial changes
0.7 22 Dec 2008
Editorial and formatting corrections
David Maxwell, GSMA
1.0 20 Feb 2009
New PRD - GRQ Measurement Implementation
IREG-EMC David Gillot, Roamware
2.0 Nov 2009 Adding of roaming Hubbing Providing references
IREG-EMC David Gillot, Roamware
3.0 June 2011 Submitted to DAG and EMC for approval
EMC David Gillot, Roamware
4.0 May 2015 Including LTE GRQ NG
Javier Sendin (GSMA)
Other Information
It is our intention to provide a quality product for your use. If you find any errors or omissions,
please contact us with your comments. You may notify us at [email protected]
Your comments or suggestions & questions are always welcome.
Type Description
Document Owner NG
Editor / Company David Gillot, Roamware